Secretor state and renal scarring in girls with recurrent pyelonephritis

Lomberg, H; Hellström, Mikael; Jodal, Ulf; Edén, C. Svanborg

doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.1989.tb02423.x

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Only few data are available on correlation between virulence properties of infecting microorganisms and the structure of receptor molecules on the uroepithelium. The non-secretor phenotype is significantly linked with the occurrence of renal scarring [28]. Other authors could not demonstrate an association of ABO, Lewis or P blood group phenotypes with recurrent pelvic inflammatory disease [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Correlation between blood group phenotype and virulence properties of Escherichia coli in patients with chronic urinary tract infection

Ziegler

Jacobsohn

Fünfstück

2004

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Correlation between blood group phenotype and virulence properties of Escherichia coli in patients with chronic urinary tract infection

Ziegler

Jacobsohn

Fünfstück

2004

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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“…Evidence for this is the fact that in both children [19] and women [20] with recurrent UTI the lack of certain blood group types are associated with the non-secretor state. The non-secretor does not have blood group antigens in secretions such as mucus and saliva.…”

Section: Host Factorsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Factors predisposing to urinary tract infections in children

Roberts

1996

Pediatric Nephrology

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The normal urinary tract is sterile for many reasons. These include: bacterial eradication by urinary and mucus flow, urothelial bactericidal activity, urinary secretory IgA, and blood group antigens in secretions which interfere with bacterial adherence. Periodic emptying of the bladder should wash bacteria out, but uropathogens grow well in urine and their rapid doubling time might not clear bacteria by voiding at the usual frequency. The ability to colonize the gut, as well as adhere to host squamous and urothelial cells, is due to bacterial adherence, a mechanism by which fluid washout would not be effective. Fimbriae or pili, hair-like surface appendages of Escherichia coli, are the usual adhesins. E. coli with type 1 fimbriae adhere to mucus, and P-fimbriae adhere to glycolipids on mucous membranes and urothelial cells. Other common virulence factors of E. coli include the capsule, which prevents phagocytosis, hemolysin, which damages urothelium, and aerobactin, which sequesters iron. Adherence stimulates the inflammatory response by activation of cytokines such as interleukin-1, -6, and -8. These cytokines stimulate the production of intercellular adhesion molecule, which by leukocyte adhesion causes migration of these cells to the site of infection to counteract it.

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“…These included human commensal isolates (n ϭ 67) (23,25), animal commensal isolates from the Escherichia coli collection of refer-ence (ECOR) (n ϭ 32) (25) (18), DEC isolates (n ϭ 29; 10 enteropathogenic, 10 enterohemorrhagic, and 9 enterotoxigenic E. coli isolates) (2,28,40), NMEC isolates (n ϭ 30) (41), and UPEC isolates (n ϭ 293), including isolates from patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU; n ϭ 65) (11,25), complicated UTI (n ϭ 82) (22,39), uncomplicated cystitis (n ϭ 69) (7,25,34; this study), and pyelonephritis (n ϭ 77) (23,25,38). Urine was collected at the University of Michigan Urology Center and University Health Services from women over 18 years of age presenting with symptoms of a urinary tract infection and streaked for isolation onto MacConkey agar.…”

Section: Strain Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia coli Isolates That Carry vat , fyuA , chuA , and yfcV Efficiently Colonize the Urinary Tract

et al. 2012

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h Extraintestinal Escherichia coli (ExPEC), a heterogeneous group of pathogens, encompasses avian, neonatal meningitis, and uropathogenic E. coli strains. While several virulence factors are associated with ExPEC, there is no core set of virulence factors that can be used to definitively differentiate these pathotypes. Here we describe a multiplex of four virulence factor-encoding genes, yfcV, vat, fyuA, and chuA, highly associated with uropathogenic E. coli strains that can distinguish three groups of E. coli: diarrheagenic and animal-associated E. coli strains, human commensal and avian pathogenic E. coli strains, and uropathogenic and neonatal meningitis E. coli strains. Furthermore, human intestinal isolates that encode all four predictor genes express them during exponential growth in human urine and colonize the bladder in the mouse model of ascending urinary tract infection in higher numbers than human commensal strains that do not encode the four predictor genes (P ‫؍‬ 0.02), suggesting that the presence of the predictors correlates with uropathogenic potential. Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC), a heterogeneous group of E. coli pathotypes defined by isolation from infections outside the intestinal tract, includes uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), avian-pathogenic E. coli (APEC), and neonatal meningitis E. coli (NMEC) (20,32). ExPEC strains are a diverse group of pathogenic E. coli strains that cause disease in poultry and companion animals as well as humans (32). While many virulence factors are associated with ExPEC, no core set of virulence factors can unambiguously distinguish the ExPEC subgroups from one another. Therefore, strains can be designated UPEC, APEC, or NMEC only on the basis of the isolation source (20). Unlike diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) strains, which are obligate intestinal pathogens, ExPEC strains can commensally colonize the human intestine; thus, the intestinal tract can serve as a reservoir for extraintestinal E. coli (20).This ExPEC reservoir is of particular importance for women with recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs), as UPEC is the predominant cause of uncomplicated UTIs. It is estimated that over 50% of women will have a UTI in their lifetime; 25% will then experience a second UTI and 3% will have a third UTI within 6 months of the initial infection (5). One explanation for recurrence is that such a reservoir of UPEC in the gastrointestinal tract of this population of women is reintroduced to the urinary tract, allowing subsequent infections to occur. Indeed, UPEC clones persist long term as commensals within the intestinal tract and can even be shared among family members and household pets (13,24). A diagnostic test that could identify potential carriers of UPEC, therefore, would be beneficial for medical practitioners to determine a course for prevention of recurrent UTI. Identification of reservoirs of uropathogens could be used to identify at-risk populations and reduce disease transmission. Once carriers of UPEC are identified, the patients can be t...

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Secretor state and renal scarring in girls with recurrent pyelonephritis

Cited by 25 publications

References 17 publications

Correlation between blood group phenotype and virulence properties of Escherichia coli in patients with chronic urinary tract infection

Correlation between blood group phenotype and virulence properties of Escherichia coli in patients with chronic urinary tract infection

Factors predisposing to urinary tract infections in children

Escherichia coli Isolates That Carry vat , fyuA , chuA , and yfcV Efficiently Colonize the Urinary Tract

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