Secular Tolerance? Anti‐Muslim Sentiment in Western Europe

Ribberink, Egbert; Achterberg, Peter; Houtman, Dick

doi:10.1111/jssr.12335

Cited by 45 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Strabac and Listhaug’s (2008) analysis of European Values Study data found little connection between religious practice and attitudes towards Muslims. Using a multilevel model based on data on belief, values and identity from the same survey, however, Ribberink, Achterberg, and Houtman (2017) found a consistent relationship between non-religiosity and anti-Muslim sentiment, as well as increased solidarity with Muslims among Protestants. Our indicative findings resonate with this latter study.…”

Section: Overview Of Findingsmentioning

confidence: 94%

‘That’s how Muslims are required to view the world’: Race, culture and belief in non-Muslims’ descriptions of Islam and science

Jones

Catto

Kaden

et al. 2018

The Sociological Review

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Islam's positioning in relation to Western ideals of individuality, freedom, women's rights and democracy has been an abiding theme of sociological analysis and cultural criticism, especially since September 11 th 2001. Less attention has been paid, however, to another concept that has been central to the image of Western modernity: science. This article analyzes comments about Islam gathered over the course of 117 interviews and 13 focus groups with non-Muslim members of the public and scientists in the UK and Canada on the theme of the relationship between science and religion. The article shows how participants' accounts of Islam and science contrasted starkly with their accounts of other religious traditions, with a notable minority of predominantly non-religious interviewees describing Islam as uniquely, and uniformly, hostile to science and rational thought. It highlights how such descriptions of Islam were used to justify the cultural othering of Muslims in the West and anxieties about educational segregation, demographic 'colonization' and Islamist extremism. Using these data, the article argues for: 1) wider recognition of how popular understandings of science remain bound up with conceptions of Western cultural superiority; and 2) greater attentiveness to how prejudices concerning Islamic beliefs help make the idea that Muslims pose a threat to the West respectable.

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Section: Overview Of Findingsmentioning

confidence: 94%

‘That’s how Muslims are required to view the world’: Race, culture and belief in non-Muslims’ descriptions of Islam and science

Jones

Catto

Kaden

et al. 2018

The Sociological Review

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“…Today, second and third generations of Europe‐born Muslims feel isolated and discriminated against (Abbas ; Modood ). Recent findings show that, although, on the macro level, Muslims in less religious and more secularized European countries are experiencing relativity higher levels of assimilation, secular Europeans tend to have more negative attitudes towards Muslims as individuals (Ribberink, Achterberg and Houtman ).…”

Section: Historical Background and Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perception of Western governments’ hostility to Islam among European Muslims before and after ISIS: the important roles of residential segregation and education

Hekmatpour

Burns

2019

British Journal of Sociology

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Perception of Western governments’ hostility to Islam is one of the indicating features of Islamic fundamentalism and, in some cases, is serving as a pull to join extremist groups. In this paper, using data from two waves of a cross‐national survey, we investigate what affects European Muslims’ opinions about Western governments. We find that residential segregation is associated with perceived hostility of Western governments to Islam. Further, we find that Muslims living in segregated neighbourhoods and enclaves have a higher probability of believing that Western governments are hostile to Islam. National origins of Muslim immigrants have a significant impact, with people from African countries measuring less perceived hostility than others. We also find that education is associated with perceived hostility of Western governments to Islam in a non‐linear way. People with the highest and lowest levels of education tend to be less likely to believe that Western governments are hostile to Islam, relative to people with mid‐level education. This non‐linear effect is best explained by education’s differential effects on perceptions of key world events. During the time between 2011 – before ISIS’s announcement of its Caliphate in Iraq and Syria – and 2013, subsequent to that announcement, we see a sharp decrease in perception of Western governments’ hostility to Islam, particularly among more educated European Muslims. We make the case that this decrease can be attributed, in some ways, to the emergence of ISIS. We discuss our findings in terms of theoretical and policy implications.

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“…In light of WilkinsLaflamme's analysis that these countries have lower levels of religious polarization, this is quite an interesting finding (2016, 168). Campbell's expectation that anti-religious protests are more often than not cries of moral outrage and ethical rebellion (1971,125), directed to the norms and values which have become dominant in a group or community (see also Campbell 2007, 224;Lehmann 2013;Martin 1978, 24;McLeod 1997, 214;Ribberink, Achterberg and Houtman 2017).…”

Section: Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Religious polarization: contesting religion in secularized Western European countries

Ribberink¹,

Achterberg²,

Houtman³

2018

Journal of Contemporary Religion

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Secular Tolerance? Anti‐Muslim Sentiment in Western Europe

Cited by 45 publications

References 47 publications

‘That’s how Muslims are required to view the world’: Race, culture and belief in non-Muslims’ descriptions of Islam and science

‘That’s how Muslims are required to view the world’: Race, culture and belief in non-Muslims’ descriptions of Islam and science

Perception of Western governments’ hostility to Islam among European Muslims before and after ISIS: the important roles of residential segregation and education

Religious polarization: contesting religion in secularized Western European countries

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