Secular Trends of Ophthalmic Manifestations in Closed Head Injury Patients

Abstract

Introduction – Ocular morbidities are frequently associated with closed head injury. These injuries are often ignored or treatment is delayed resulting in permanent visual loss. Aim- This study aimed to nd out the various Ophthalmic manifestation in patients of closed head injury and nd out an association between them. Method- A Prospective observational study was conducted with a total of 120 closed head injury patients in a tertiary care hospital for a period of 4 months. The initial ophthalmic examination was done within 12 hrs of admission and was reviewed daily. GCS was applied to grade the head injury and analysis was done to nd out the association. Results- Out of 120 enrolled patients, 88 cases were male and 32 were female patients in age group of 6 to70 years. Most common cause of sustaining head injury was road trafc accident followed by assault. Periorbital edema and ecchymosis was most common manifestation. RAPD was encountered as most common neuro-ophthalmic manifestation followed by disc edema and extraocular muscle restriction. Poor GCS is associated with frequent pupillary involvement. Conclusion – Young adult males are more vulnerable in sustaining ocular injury associated with head injury followed by road trafc accident. Poor GCS frequently involves pupil abnormality