Secure Communication in Millimeter Wave Relaying Networks

Abstract

The use of relay can expand the coverage of millimeter-wave (mmWave) signals, whereas it may increase the risk of information leakage due to the additional link from source to relay. In this paper, we consider a secure communication in the mmWave randomize-and-forward relaying system with multiple spatially random eavesdroppers. By leveraging the tools from stochastic geometry, we investigate the reliability/rate performance with security consideration. The closed-form expressions of secure connectivity probability, secrecy outage probability, and the first-order integral expressions of average achievable secrecy rate for both non-colluding and colluding eavesdroppers cases are derived. The simulation results are presented to verify our derivations and show that the secure connectivity probability of relay transmission is larger than direct transmission when the relay locates in an oval-like area and its range is related to the antenna gains of source and relay. Furthermore, the secrecy outage probability and average achievable secrecy rate can also be improved when the relay is closed to the midpoint between the source and the destination. INDEX TERMS Millimeter wave, relay, secure connectivity probability, secrecy outage probability, average achievable secrecy rate. I. INTRODUCTION With the rapid development of computer science and electronic devices, various novel applications (e.g., virtual reality, artificial intelligence and ultra-high definition transmission video) have entered our life. In particular, with the popularization of smart devices, wireless data traffic is skyrocketing year after year, which is anticipated to grow 10000 folds within the next 20 years. However, conventional microwave in band below 6GHz cannot meet such bold increase in wireless data volume due to its scarce frequency resource. Hence, it is inevitable to explore the higher frequency band, like millimeter wave (30GHz-300GHz). Recent researches [1], [2] show several advantages for using mmWave communication: 1) Large continuous unused bandwidth. Compared to sub-6GHz microwave, there are a large amount of available bandwidth for future mobile networks in mmWave band. Except the infaust bands such as the water vapor absorption band and the oxygen absorption The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Congduan Li.

Secure Millimeter-Wave Ad Hoc Communications Using Physical Layer Security

“…Apart from the above works, there also exist some other stochastic geometry-based works focusing on multiple-input multiple-output transmissions [23], [26], SWIPT transmissions [24], relaying transmissions [27] and cognitive radio networks [28]. However, different from the above ones, these works considered only one or two source-destination pairs.…”

“…To simplify the calculation, we ignore the overlaps of the sub-non-associated regions and calculate the area of the non-associated region as the sum of the areas of the sub-non-associated regions. Assuming y 0 = o, the area of the sub-non-associated region formed by a D2D receiver y ∈ Ξ is A( y ), where A(•) is given by (27). Thus, the area of the non-associated region in A 2 is y∈ΦR∩Ξ A( y ).…”

Achievable secrecy rate analysis in mmWave ad hoc networks with multi‐array antenna transmission and artificial noise

“…Based on an iterative fast Fourier transform (FFT), the authors in [29] designed an optimized antenna subset selection that provided low computational complexity and improved secrecy per-formance. In [30], the PLS of mmWave relaying networks in the presence of multiple eavesdroppers was studied. The first order integral expressions of average achievable secrecy rate of secure connectivity probability and secrecy outage probability have been derived.…”

Physical Layer Security in Cognitive Millimeter Wave Networks

“…where F u (ε 1 ) is derived as (15), shown at the top of the next page. Substituting (10) and (15) into (14), the Z 2 is derived as…”