Security Assessment for the Islanding Transition of Microgrids

Colorado, Patry J.; Suppioni, Vinicius P.; Filho, Alfeu J. Sguarezi; Salles, Maurício B. C.; Pavani, Ahda Pionkoski Grilo

doi:10.1109/access.2022.3150331

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In this manner, resiliency is maintained in the MG. In addition, the long-distance remote site location of the MG from the utility grid and the resulting high cost of power transmission make MG operators decide to adopt the islanded operation fashion [9].…”

Section: A Microgrid Operationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Consumer-Centered Electricity Reliability Enhancement in the Standalone Generation Arena

Okoye,

Castro,

Fingerhuth

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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Standalone microgrids (MGs) and distributed generations (DGs) suffer power generation intermittencies. This leads to a frequent deficit in the supply to consumers. This is worsened by the further delay experienced in the transaction process of the generated energy. Critical loads face the greatest risk of the resulting power shortage. Using the blockchain-integrated data envelopment analysis (DEA), this paper proposes a customer-centered approach to minimizing these inherent issues. Consequently, generation capacity reliability is maximized while the energy supply latency is minimized. First, considering the varying generation reliabilities of standalone MGs, a simulation method is presented using the DEA algorithm for identifying and selecting the most reliable MG in real time for supply. That is, the microgrid with the maximum generation capacity. Next, to address MG's energy supply latency, a blockchainintegrated energy trading platform is proposed (for prosumers' DGs) to enhance the peer-to-peer electricity transaction experience. Thus, considering the inherent transaction delay in blockchain-integrated energy trading platforms, a DEA algorithm is proposed for determining and adopting the fastest blockchain transaction. Finally, an algorithm is developed to streamline the integration of the two-step enhancements. It was observed that, as the input data (efficiencies of MGs and blockchains) are changing, maximum power delivery and the fastest electricity transaction rate are achieved in the standalone generation arena at minimal cost. This addresses the characteristic supply deficits and delays, thus minimizing the risk of shedding critical loads.INDEX TERMS Blockchain transaction, data envelopment analysis (DEA), efficiency assessment, linear regression, loss of load expectation (LOLE), multi-microgrid (MMG), peer-to-peer energy trading, reliability assessment, standalone distributed generations (DG).

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Section: A Microgrid Operationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…V(a) and Table V(b), respectively. For example, from Table V, the efficiency ( 1) of DMU1 (d1) is calculated by minimizing  in (9) given the constraint in (10) (refer to (7) and ( 8)). Similarly, the efficiency ( n) of DMUn (dn) is calculated by minimizing  in (11) given the constraint in (12), and so on.…”

Section: The Input-oriented Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Consumer-Centered Electricity Reliability Enhancement in the Standalone Generation Arena

Okoye,

Castro,

Fingerhuth

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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“…Figure 13 illustrates some of the main and crucial steps to perform a vulnerability assessment in a microgrid. In addition to vulnerability assessment, to ensure the safe and reliable operation of MGs, it is essential to perform a comprehensive risk analysis that identifies potential hazards, assesses their likelihood and impact, prioritizes risks, develops appropriate risk mitigation strategies, and monitors the effectiveness of the risk management process over time [103,255]. As illustrated in Figure 14, the main and crucial steps to perform a risk analysis in a microgrid includes hazard identification, likelihood assessment, impact assessment, risk prioritization, risk tolerance determination, evaluation of existing controls, development of risk mitigation strategies, implementation of risk mitigation measures, and monitoring and review.…”

Section: Vulnerability Assessment and Risk Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Transformation of Microgrids: A Review of Design, Operation, Optimization, and Cybersecurity

Irmak

Kabalcı

2023

Energies

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This paper provides a comprehensive review of the future digitalization of microgrids to meet the increasing energy demand. It begins with an overview of the background of microgrids, including their components and configurations, control and management strategies, and optimization techniques. It then discusses the key digital technologies that can be used to improve the performance of microgrids, including distributed energy resources management systems, the Internet of Things, big data analytics, blockchain technology, artificial intelligence, digital twin technology, cloud computing, and augmented reality. The paper also highlights the importance of cybersecurity in microgrids, identifying the potential security vulnerabilities and threats to microgrid cybersecurity, as well as strategies for addressing these challenges. Finally, the paper discusses the barriers and challenges regarding the digitalization of microgrids, including technical complexity, high implementation costs, regulatory barriers, data privacy and security concerns, lack of standardization, interoperability issues, limited technical expertise, and integration with the main grid. Overall, this paper demonstrates the significant potential for digital technologies to transform the future of microgrids. By leveraging advanced technologies and implementing effective cybersecurity measures, microgrids can become more efficient, reliable, and resilient, enabling them to meet the growing demand for energy and contribute to a sustainable energy future.

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“…These metrics indeed correlate with overall welfare loss. However, there are other factors to consider as well [129][130][131].…”

Section: Quantification Of Risk Of Islandingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, they endanger critical components of the energy supply system, such as power plants and heating networks. According to the US president's council [130,131], the average annual cost of partial power outages caused by severe weather ranges between USD 18 billion and USD 33 billion. The cost can be much higher in a year with record-breaking storms (in 2008, for example, the year of Hurricane Ike, weather-related outages cost the economy between USD 40 billion and USD 75 billion).…”

Section: Quantification Of Risk Of Islandingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Mode Transition Strategies between Grid-Connected and Standalone Operation of Voltage Source Inverters-Based Microgrids

et al. 2023

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Microgrids technologies are seen as a cost effective and reliable solution to handle numerous challenges, mainly related to climate change and power demand increase. This is mainly due to their potential for integrating available on-site renewable energy sources and their flexibility and scalability. The particularity of microgrids is related to their capacity to operate in synchronization with the main grid or in islanded mode to secure the power supply of nearby end-users after a grid failure thanks to storage solutions and an intelligent control system. The most critical operating case occurs when a sudden transition from grid-connected (GC) to stand-alone operation (SA) happens. During the transition, the system experiences abrupt changes that can result in a malfunction of the control system and a possible failure of the power system. The transition issue attracted considerable attention from researchers. Indeed, many research works are proposed to address this issue by proposing detection and transition techniques that ensure a smooth transition at the islanding time. Although there are several approaches to dealing with this issue, a categorization of the proposed methods in the literature and their differences is useful to assist engineers and researchers working on this topic. Thus, this study proposes a comprehensive review to summarize these approaches and point out their advantages and limitations.

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Security Assessment for the Islanding Transition of Microgrids

Abstract: Date of publication xxxx 00, 0000, date of current version xxxx 00, 0000.

Cited by 7 publications

References 54 publications

The Consumer-Centered Electricity Reliability Enhancement in the Standalone Generation Arena

The Consumer-Centered Electricity Reliability Enhancement in the Standalone Generation Arena

Digital Transformation of Microgrids: A Review of Design, Operation, Optimization, and Cybersecurity

A Review on Mode Transition Strategies between Grid-Connected and Standalone Operation of Voltage Source Inverters-Based Microgrids

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