Sedation for local anaesthesia. Comparison of intravenous midazolam and diazepam

Dixon, J. S.; Power, Simon; Grundy, E.M.; Lumley, Jean; Morgan, M.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.1984.tb07281.x

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…However, the quality of amnesia was consistently better as determined by recall testing after the use of midazolam and lasted up to 30 minutes as compared to only 10 minutes after the use of diazepam, which is in agreement with previous studies. 19,22,37,38 A number of clinically relevant differences were noted between the two drugs. The authors felt that diazepam was easier to titrate and that induction into sedation and recovery to baseline was smoother.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Intravenous Midazolam and Diazepam on Patient Response, Percentage of Oxygen Saturation, and Hemodynamic Factors During Periodontal Surgery

Staretz

Otomo‐Corgel

Lin

2004

Journal of Periodontology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Intravenous Midazolam and Diazepam on Patient Response, Percentage of Oxygen Saturation, and Hemodynamic Factors During Periodontal Surgery

Staretz

Otomo‐Corgel

Lin

2004

Journal of Periodontology

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“…Patients undergoing surgery with regional anaesthesia are frequently sedated, as many prefer to have no recall of their stay in the operating theatre. Midazolam is used commonly for this purpose and may be preferable to diazepam, as it is associated with a greater degree of amnesia [1]. The administration of additional oxygen to these patients is practised by most anaesthetists, but reference works on local anaesthesia make only cursory mention of the use of oxygen.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedation During Spinal Anaesthesia: A Case for the Routine Administration of Oxygen

Manara

Smith

Nixon

1989

British Journal of Anaesthesia

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We have studied the effect of sedation with midazolam on arterial oxygen saturation during spinal anaesthesia in two groups of patients: one group received supplementary oxygen, the other group breathed room air. A significant reduction in oxygen saturation was observed in patients not receiving supplementary oxygen; six of 15 patients in this group developed hypoxaemia or severe hypoxaemia which was corrected immediately by administration of oxygen. There were no episodes of hypoxaemia in any patient in the group receiving supplementary oxygen. It is concluded that oxygen should be administered routinely to patients receiving sedatives during spinal anaesthesia.

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“…Kaufman et al [14] in their study compared intranasal and intravenous midazolam sedation in a Dental Phobia Clinic and stated that there was no change in blood pressure in both groups of patients. In their study Dixon et al [15] used sedation for local anaesthesia and compared intravenous midazolam and diazepam and stated that in the intravenous midazolam there was a significant fall in systolic and diastolic blood pressure after satisfactory sedation was obtained. In their study Forster et al [12] used intra venous midazolam as an induction agent for anaesthesia and stated that in normal persons, midazolam, 0.15 mg/kg IV over 15 sec, produces statistically significant reduction in systolic (5%) and diastolic (10%) blood pressure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study on Safety and Efficacy of Midazolam by Intranasal and Intravenous Route for Paediatric Procedural Sedation

Mohankumar¹,

Pyarajan²

2019

jemds

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BACKGROUND Pain perception in young children did not receive much attention as there are concerns regarding the safety of administering potent opiates and sedatives. Moreover, we often consider that it is natural for children to cry in such situations and young children won't complain about pain. Midazolam is a short-acting benzodiazepine with rapid onset of action and is one of the most widely used sedatives in intensive care unit. The intranasal route avoids the need for intravenous access, avoids the pain of the parenteral injection, and is easily accessible for drug administration. The aim of this study is to compare the safety and efficacy of intranasal midazolam against intravenous midazolam for paediatric procedural sedation. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective study was conducted in Paediatric ward, IMCH, Medical College, Kozhikode from June 2015 to May 2016. 128 children between 3 and 12 years requiring a diagnostic lumbar puncture were included. They were divided into 2 groups A (Intranasal) and B (Intravenous) by random allocation. Statistical analysis was performed using statistical package for social sciences 16.0 (SPSS 16.0) statistics analysing software. RESULTS The deviation of heart rate from baseline during procedure is significantly more in intravenous group with t (116.345)= 2.354, p= 0.020 & also the deviation of heart rate from baseline at the end of procedure was significantly higher among intravenous group with t (103.974)= 4.593, p= 0.000. The deviation of diastolic blood pressure during procedure from baseline is significantly higher among the intravenous group with t (102.521)= 4.535, p= 0.000 & also the deviation of diastolic blood pressure from baseline to the end of procedure was significantly higher among the intravenous group with t (126)= 4.819, p= 0.000. The sedation achieved during the procedure is comparable between the two groups with a p value of 0.225. The intranasal group took longer time to achieve adequate sedation as well as for recovery. But there were no serious adverse effects. CONCLUSION Intranasal midazolam is safe and effective for paediatric procedural sedation and is associated with lesser variability in heart rate and blood pressure in comparison with intravenous midazolam.

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Sedation for local anaesthesia. Comparison of intravenous midazolam and diazepam

Cited by 24 publications

References 8 publications

Effects of Intravenous Midazolam and Diazepam on Patient Response, Percentage of Oxygen Saturation, and Hemodynamic Factors During Periodontal Surgery

Effects of Intravenous Midazolam and Diazepam on Patient Response, Percentage of Oxygen Saturation, and Hemodynamic Factors During Periodontal Surgery

Sedation During Spinal Anaesthesia: A Case for the Routine Administration of Oxygen

A Comparative Study on Safety and Efficacy of Midazolam by Intranasal and Intravenous Route for Paediatric Procedural Sedation

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