Sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of low doses of xylazine with and without acepromazine in Nordestino donkeys

Castillo, J; Gozalo-Marcilla, Miguel; Fonseca, Mariana Werneck; Possebon, Fábio Sossai; Rosa, Ademir Cassiano da; Aguiar, Antonio J. A.

doi:10.1111/evj.12835

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The drug has brought abrupt changes in the cardiopulmonary function including a reduction in the heart rate, respiratory rate, and cardiac output and inducing fluctuation of blood pressure and oxygen tension. These changes have been selectively studied through intra-arterial catheterization, blood gas analysis, M-mode echocardiography, and electrocardiography in different animal species including cattle [24], donkey [25,26], calves [27,28], and goats [29,30]. As far as we concern, exploration of animal models may require anesthesia, but under farm conditions, the effect of short-term tranquilization with xylazine on quantitative echocardiography measurement was not previously studied in goats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Cardiac Functions Using Full Conventional Echocardiography with Tissue Doppler Imaging before and after Xylazine Sedation in Male Shiba Goats

Mandour

Samir

Yoshida

et al. 2020

Animals

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The present study aimed to provide a complete conventional echocardiographic protocol in adult male Shiba goats by using two-dimensional, M-mode, Pulsed Wave Doppler, and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) echocardiography, and to study concomitantly xylazine-induced alteration of cardiac functions in a highly sensitive species. For this purpose, 12 male Shiba goats were included and complete conventional echocardiography from the standard right and left parasternal views was carried to report the echocardiographic data in male Shiba goats, and also before and after xylazine (Pre-Xyl and Post-Xyl) administration (0.05 mg/IM/kg). Results revealed that the full echocardiographic protocol was feasible in all goats through different cardiac windows and good Doppler alignment was achieved with non-significant variability for assessment of the left ventricular dimensions, trans-pulmonary, trans-aortic, and trans-mitral blood flow. The TDI, which was not reported previously in goats, was successfully assessed from the standard left apical view and showed distinct systolic and diastolic patterns. Xylazine administration was found to significantly reduce heart rate, fractional shortening, and cardiac output as well as the Doppler hemodynamic parameters of the pulmonary artery, aortic and mitral inflows (p < 0.05). For TDI, the Post-Xyl group revealed a significant decrease in the myocardial velocities of the septal and lateral wall of the left ventricle. The present study provides, for the first time, complete data of conventional echocardiography in male goats using the full protocol, which is routinely used in pet’s practice. Further, we illustrate in-depth the adverse effect of short-term sedative, xylazine, as used under field conditions and emphasize a simultaneous reduction in both systolic and diastolic cardiac function in goats based on full echocardiography assessment of the heart.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Cardiac Functions Using Full Conventional Echocardiography with Tissue Doppler Imaging before and after Xylazine Sedation in Male Shiba Goats

Mandour

Samir

Yoshida

et al. 2020

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Therefore, xylazine (0.5 mg/kg bwt i.v.) is recommended for sedation in donkeys [11]. This study used sedation evaluation methods extrapolated from horses and highlighted the importance of developing such sedation scoring methods specifically for donkeys.…”

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confidence: 99%