Sedentary Behavior and Incident Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies

Shen, Dong; Mao, Weidong; Liu, Tao; Lin, Quingfeng; Lu, Xiangdong; Wang, Qiong; Lin, Feng; Ekelund, Ulf; Wijndaele, Katrien

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0105709

Cited by 110 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Importantly, because no significant relationship with mean sedentary time was observed, prolonged periods of inactivity may have a larger impact on BRCA1 rather than shorter periods of sedentary time with more frequent interruptions. These findings are in line with current literature outlining the detrimental and possibly additive effects of sedentary time, physical inactivity, and television watching on chronic disease (8,(37)(38)(39). Nonetheless, given the multiple comparisons and relatively small sample size, these findings should be interpreted with caution and require replication in a larger study population.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Prolonged sedentary behavior has been associated with increased cancer incidence and mortality, independent of physical activity levels, making this an important public health concern (8,37,46). Although the deleterious effects of increased sedentary time on cancer risk may be due to reduced physical activity along with the resultant metabolic and hormonal consequences (47), our data suggest that alterations in gene expression may also be involved.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

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Uninterrupted Sedentary Behavior Downregulates BRCA1 Gene Expression

Pettapiece-Phillips

Kotlyar

Chehade

et al. 2016

Cancer Prevention Research

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BRCA1 mutation carriers face a high lifetime risk of developing breast cancer. Physical activity induces broad transcriptional changes, and multiple studies have documented its beneficial effects across cancers. Because haploinsufficiency predisposes to breast cancer in these women, factors that increase BRCA1 levels may mitigate the effect of the mutation. Whether physical activity modulates BRCA1 expression and whether lifestyle factors could benefit women with a mutation remain unclear. The objective of this study was to systematically evaluate whether physical activity or sedentary behavior affects BRCA1 mRNA expression. Activity levels were assessed in 50 female participants (14 BRCA1 mutation carriers and 36 noncarriers) using the GT3X Actigraph accelerometer, and BRCA1 mRNA expression was quantified from peripheral blood lymphocytes using the Nanostring nCounter Analysis System. There was a significant negative correlation between the longest sedentary bout and BRCA1 mRNA expression (r ¼ -0.32; P ¼ 0.02). Women below the median for the longest sedentary bout had significantly higher BRCA1 mRNA levels compared with women above the median (161 vs. 132 counts; P ¼ 0.04; one-sided Mann-Whitney U test). There was no significant relationship between mean metabolic equivalents of task rate or mean sedentary time and BRCA1 mRNA expression (Spearman correlation P ! 0.75; P ! 0.14; Mann-Whitney U test). These findings suggest that prolonged periods of sedentary behavior are associated with significantly lower BRCA1 mRNA expression. Whether this translates into a potentially more harmful effect in BRCA1 mutation carriers warrants further investigation. Cancer Prev Res; 9(1); 83-88. Ó2015 AACR.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Uninterrupted Sedentary Behavior Downregulates BRCA1 Gene Expression

Pettapiece-Phillips

Kotlyar

Chehade

et al. 2016

Cancer Prevention Research

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“…The BC risk is 17% higher in sedentary women compared with women that perform physical activity (6). In addition, the risk of BC decreases by 5% for every 2 h per week in women performing moderate or vigorous recreational activity (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical exercise modulates the level of serum MMP-2 and MMP-9 in patients with breast cancer

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) exhibit an important function in extracellular matrix degradation. MMPs modulate the activation of growth factors, cytokines and metastasis. At present, the effect of exercise on serum levels of MMP-2 and -9 remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of various physical activities on the circulating levels of MMP-2 and -9 in breast cancer (BC) survivors and healthy subjects. A total of 66 female subjects were enrolled in the present study. The cohort included 46 BC survivors and 20 healthy subjects divided into 5 groups: Group A (17 BC survivors, participating in recreational dragon boat paddling), group B (14 BC survivors, participating in recreational physical activity), group C (15 sedentary BC survivors), group D (10 healthy subjects, participating in recreational physical activity) and group E (10 sedentary healthy subjects). ELISA assays revealed a significant increase in the level of circulating MMP-2 in group B compared with all other groups. Recreational physical activity increased the levels of MMP-9 in healthy subjects (group D vs. E), however, the differences were not statistically significant, while in the BC survivor groups the results were opposite, with exercise reducing MMP-9 levels (group B vs. C). Furthermore, a significant increase in MMP-2 was observed in group B lymph node metastasis-positive (N+) subjects compared with group A and C N+ subjects. Thus, the results of the present study indicate that various physical activities modulate the levels of circulating MMP-2 and -9 in BC survivors, and the same exercise program induces a different effect when undertaken by healthy subjects and BC survivors. These results may have important implications with regard to the selection of appropriate physical activities for BC survivors, leading to improvements to their survival and prevention of recurrence, as well as amelioration of physical function, quality of life and fatigue.

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“…The new pooled RR estimate was 1.25 (95% CI 1.16 to 1.33), and the corresponding PAF for this association was 11.6% (95% CI 10.3% to 12.9%). Shen et al 31 investigated the risk of cancer associated with higher sedentary behaviour. They reported adjusted RRs for lung cancer (1.27, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.52), colon cancer (1.30, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.49) and endometrial cancer (1.28, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.53).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct healthcare costs of sedentary behaviour in the UK

Heron

O’Neill

McAneney

et al. 2019

J Epidemiol Community Health

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BackgroundGrowing evidence indicates that prolonged sedentary behaviour increases the risk of several chronic health conditions and all-cause mortality. Sedentary behaviour is prevalent among adults in the UK. Quantifying the costs associated with sedentary behaviour is an important step in the development of public health policy.MethodsNational Health Service (NHS) costs associated with prolonged sedentary behaviour (≥6 hours/day) were estimated over a 1-year period in 2016–2017 costs. We calculated a population attributable fraction (PAF) for five health outcomes (type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease [CVD], colon cancer, endometrial cancer and lung cancer). Adjustments were made for potential double-counting due to comorbidities. We also calculated the avoidable deaths due to prolonged sedentary behaviour using the PAF for all-cause mortality.ResultsThe total NHS costs attributable to prolonged sedentary behaviour in the UK in 2016–2017 were £0.8 billion, which included expenditure on CVD (£424 million), type 2 diabetes (£281 million), colon cancer (£30 million), lung cancer (£19 million) and endometrial cancer (£7 million). After adjustment for potential double-counting, the estimated total was £0.7 billion. If prolonged sedentary behaviour was eliminated, 69 276 UK deaths might have been avoided in 2016.ConclusionsIn this conservative estimate of direct healthcare costs, prolonged sedentary behaviour causes a considerable burden to the NHS in the UK. This estimate may be used by decision makers when prioritising healthcare resources and investing in preventative public health programmes.

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Sedentary Behavior and Incident Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies

Cited by 110 publications

References 33 publications

Uninterrupted Sedentary Behavior Downregulates BRCA1 Gene Expression

Uninterrupted Sedentary Behavior Downregulates BRCA1 Gene Expression

Physical exercise modulates the level of serum MMP-2 and MMP-9 in patients with breast cancer

Direct healthcare costs of sedentary behaviour in the UK

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