Sediment accretion and carbon storage in constructed wetlands receiving water treated with metal-based coagulants

Stumpner, Elizabeth B.; Kraus, Tamara E.C.; Liang, Yan Ling; Bachand, Sandra M.; Horwáth, William R.; Bachand, Philip A.M.

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.10.016

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Site reuse as a wetland (Exhibit ) fares slightly better, with 100% of the site footprint being required at a contaminant respiration rate of approximately 3 μmol CO 2 m −2 s −1 . Constructed wetlands are generally considered to be net sinks for carbon storage (Barbera, Borin, Cirelli, Toscano, & Maucieri, ; Rosli et al., ; Stumpner et al., ). However, at brownfield sites with poorly developed soils and other characteristics advantageous for nitrous oxide generation, much of the offset can potentially be lost if nitrate inputs to the wetlands are elevated (Palta, Ehrenfeld, & Groffman, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of greenhouse gas emissions offsets for natural source zone depletion of petroleum hydrocarbons

McAlexander¹

2019

Remediation Journal

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Hydrocarbon biodegradation is an important process for remediating petroleum hydrocarbons and managing large sites. However, this biodegradation results in what are essentially unavoidable CO 2 emissions to the atmosphere. A feasibility assessment was conducted to quantitatively consider reuse options for petroleum brownfields that would offset contaminant respiration emissions rates in the 2 to 10 micromoles CO 2 per meters squared per second ( mol CO 2 m −2 s −1 ) typically observed. Under a wide range of solar resource scenarios, placement of solar panels over only a fraction (no more than 35%) of the site footprint is estimated as necessary to achieve an emissions offset. Similarly, placement of one 30-meter tall wind turbine of moderate rating (approximately 30 to 50 kW) is sufficient to provide an offset for a nominal 1,000 square meters site. For spreading of spent calcium-rich construction materials, under even a high emissions scenario, the required footprint for the offset is less than the site footprint. While these approaches appear feasible, revegetation as forestland is estimated as sufficient only at contaminant respiration rates up to 2 mol CO 2 m −2 s −1 . Revegetation as rangeland and cropland, which sequesters CO 2 mainly in soil organic carbon, is estimated as requiring more than the site footprint under many contaminant respiration rates. Revegetation as a wetland fares slightly better from a carbon storage perspective, but it also has the potential for N 2 O and CH 4 emissions that may largely undo the benefit from sequestration in soil organic matter. Overall, the results indicate several methods that are viable for achieving emissions offsets and a quantitation method that can be honed with site-specific input parameters as appropriate.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of greenhouse gas emissions offsets for natural source zone depletion of petroleum hydrocarbons

McAlexander¹

2019

Remediation Journal

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“…CETWs demonstrated greater sediment and carbon accretion than control wetlands (Stumpner et al 2018). Al CETWs had the highest vertical accretion rates (~6 cm yr -1 ) that were distributed consistently throughout the entire wetland.…”

Section: Subsidence Mitigationmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In addition to the aforementioned monitoring program, Liang et al (2019) assessed vegetation in the wetlands to determine treatment effects, and Stumpner et al (2018) sampled soils and detritus at the beginning and end of the field study at locations near the inflow, center, and outflow in all wetlands that represented a downstream gradient. Stumpner et al (2018) also used soil and detritus data to assess the effects of coagulation on wetland accretion rates.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dissolved WQCCs-such as DOC and mercury-aggregate and precipitate as settleable flocs, which are then retained in the wetlands (Henneberry et al 2011;Stumpner et al 2015;Liang 2016;Hansen et al 2018). For subsided lands, the retained flocs accelerate sediment accretion (Stumpner et al 2018). Here, we summarize findings from recent larger-scale Delta CETW applications, discuss the implications, and provide design recommendations and cost estimates for these hybrid systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Chemically Enhanced Treatment Wetland to Improve Water Quality and Mitigate Land Subsidence in the Sacramento‒San Joaquin Delta: Cost and Design Considerations

Bachand¹,

Kraus²,

Horwáth³

et al. 2019

SFEWS

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Water quality impairment and land surface subsidence threaten the viability of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (Delta), a critical component of California's water conveyance system. Current-day irrigation drainage through Delta island peat soils affects drinking water treatment and is linked to mercury transport, potentially posing both ecological and public health concerns. To cost-effectively treat agricultural drainage water from subsided Delta islands to reduce the export of drinking Water Quality Constituents of Concern and mitigate land subsidence through accretion, we studied hybrid coagulation-treatment wetland systems, termed Chemically Enhanced Treatment Wetlands (CETWs). We provide cost estimates and design recommendations to aid broader implementation of this technology. Over a 20-year horizon using a Total Annualized Cost analysis, we

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“…In CETWs, water quality improvement is addressed primarily by coagulation and transfer of material from the water column to the sediment, and subsidence mitigation is addressed by keeping soils saturated, which minimizes oxidation of existing organic material in addition to accumulation of new material in the wetlands in the form of plant biomass and floc (Miller et al 2008;Deverel and Leighton 2010). The subsidence component of this project is discussed in a related publication (Stumpner et al 2018); here the authors focus on water quality improvement from coagulation and wetland interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequestration and Transformation in Chemically Enhanced Treatment Wetlands: DOC, DBPPs, and Nutrients

Bachand¹,

Bachand²,

Kraus

et al. 2019

J. Environ. Eng.

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This paper examines the effectiveness of chemically enhanced treatment wetlands (CETWs), wetlands that received water treated with coagulants, to remove dissolved organic carbon (DOC), disinfection byproduct precursors (DBPPs), nutrients, and metals from agricultural drain water. Wetlands consisted of controls with no coagulant addition, ferric sulfate dosed, and polyaluminum chloride dosed treatments. CETWs were more effective in removing DOC, DBPPs, phosphate, dissolved organic nitrogen, and metals than control wetlands. Coagulation-treated wetlands removed 245-349 g=m 2 =year DOC, whereas control wetlands produced 51 g=m 2 =year. Wetland passage released DOC in the controls and dosed treatments; this release was directly correlated to temperature, suggesting thermally dependent mechanism(s) were partly responsible. A first-order plug flow reactor kinetic model that considered hydraulic retention time (HRT), temperature, and DOC concentration was tested for wetland DOC processing. Models indicate that operating CETWs at high coagulant dosing and low temperature can result in the lowest DOC release. Operating at the lowest HRT to meet discharge targets helps overcome wetland processes that increase DOC release and provide the smallest footprint needed for treatment. individual papers. This paper is part of the Journal of Environmental Engineering, © ASCE, ISSN 0733-9372. © ASCE 04019044-1 J. Environ. Eng. J. Environ. Eng., 2019, 145(8): 04019044 Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by 44.224.250.200 on 07/05/20. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved. © ASCE 04019044-2 J. Environ. Eng. J. Environ. Eng., 2019, 145(8): 04019044 Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by 44.224.250.200 on 07/05/20. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved. © ASCE 04019044-3 J. Environ. Eng. J. Environ. Eng., 2019, 145(8): 04019044 Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by 44.224.250.200 on 07/05/20. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved. Me for all wetlands. Constants were calculated using nonlinear multivariate regression and modeling was performed using STATISTICA version 8.0. Results DOC and DBPP Concentrations, Loads and Concentration RatiosAverage constituent concentrations, annual loads and concentration ratios for DOC and DBPPs are shown in Tables 1 and 2. Annually, Al and Fe coagulation removed 71%-72% of DOC loads entering the wetlands, 66%-69% of THM precursors, and 79%-81% of © ASCE 04019044-4 J. Environ. Eng. J. Environ. Eng., 2019, 145(8): 04019044 Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by 44.224.250.200 on 07/05/20. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved. © ASCE 04019044-8 J. Environ. Eng. J. Environ. Eng., 2019, 145(8): 04019044 Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by 44.224.250.200 on 07/05/20. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved. © ASCE 04019044-12 J. Environ. Eng. J. Environ. Eng., 2019, 145(8): 04019044 Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by 44.224.250.200 on 07/05/20. Copyright ASCE. For personal use only; all rights reserved. © ASCE 04019044-16 J...

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Sediment accretion and carbon storage in constructed wetlands receiving water treated with metal-based coagulants

Cited by 22 publications

References 56 publications

Feasibility of greenhouse gas emissions offsets for natural source zone depletion of petroleum hydrocarbons

Feasibility of greenhouse gas emissions offsets for natural source zone depletion of petroleum hydrocarbons

Chemically Enhanced Treatment Wetland to Improve Water Quality and Mitigate Land Subsidence in the Sacramento‒San Joaquin Delta: Cost and Design Considerations

Sequestration and Transformation in Chemically Enhanced Treatment Wetlands: DOC, DBPPs, and Nutrients

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