Sediment and hydrological response to vegetation recovery following wildfire on hillslopes and the hollow of a small watershed

Shin, Seung Sook; Park, Sang Deog; Lee, Kyu Song

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.06.048

Cited by 34 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Our findings that shifts in leaf canopy cover can reduce effects of changing precipitation on streamflow in the Cleve Creek watershed agreed well with a widespread recognition that shifts in forest cover can help reduce flood potentials in wet years while sustain low flow in dry years (Price et al, 2011;Shin et al, 2013;Kalantari et al, 2014;Rust et al, 2014). Guo et al (2008) found that increase of forest cover after returning agricultural lands to forest reduced wet season streamflow and raised it in a dry season, thus reducing flood potentials in wet season and severity of dry season.…”

Section: Reducing the Effects Of Changing Precipitation On Streamflowsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Previous studies have demonstrated that increase in forest cover is likely to increase actual evapotranspiration (ET) and thus decreases streamflow or vice versa (Qin et al, 2013;Shin et al, 2013;Kalantari et al, 2014;Rust et al, 2014). Nevertheless, relatively little is known about specific roles of precipitation change-associated vegetation dynamics in regulating catchment responsessuch as ET, streamflow regime, and soil water contentto changing precipitation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of precipitation‐associated vegetation dynamics on catchment water balance in a semiarid and arid mountainous watershed

et al. 2016

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Quantifying the regulation of precipitation-associated vegetation dynamics on land surface water balance poses a particular challenge in current eco-hydrological studies because terrestrial ecological processes interact with hydrological processes, and both are subject to precipitation change. The objective of this study is to examine how precipitation change-associated vegetation dynamics may regulate catchment water balance in a semiarid to arid mountain ecosystem. To achieve this objective, R-RHESSys, which is short for rasterised regional hydro-ecological simulation system, a distributed hydro-ecological model, was applied to the Cleve Creek watershed in the eastern Nevada, USA. Simulation results from two scenarios based on altered precipitations were compared, respectively, to those from a baseline scenario based on observed precipitations. Our results suggest that R-RHESSys can accurately simulate catchment water balance and vegetation dynamics in the study area. In addition, we found that (i) precipitation-associated shifts in leaf canopy can help reduce flood potentials during wet years or sustain baseflow during dry years through changing evapotranspiration (ET); (ii) precipitation-associated decrease in leaf canopy and consequent decrease in ET do not always increase streamflow and vice versa. The regulation of precipitation-associated vegetation dynamics on streamflow is subject to initial soil water condition; (iii) vegetation-associated shifts in plant transpiration play an important role in regulating soil water content and streamflow generation in the semiarid and arid mountain watershed; and (iv) the regulation of precipitation-associated shift in leaf canopy on ET is more pronounced in the ridges of watershed than in valleys. In contrast, its regulation on subsurface flow generation is more remarkable in valleys than in the ridges of watershed.

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Section: Reducing the Effects Of Changing Precipitation On Streamflowsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of precipitation‐associated vegetation dynamics on catchment water balance in a semiarid and arid mountainous watershed

et al. 2016

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“…The F2 inflow rate doubled the F1 rate and was used in other rill experiments because it generated the critical shear of a gravelly sand soil (Foltz & Dooley, 2003;Prats et al, 2017). Strong inflows delivered over saturated soils induced similar hydrologic responses to those described for long, steep hillslopes and bottom slope positions within burnt catchments (Park, Lee, & Shin, 2012;Prats et al, 2016;Shin, Park, & Lee, 2013).…”

Section: Simulated Rainfall and Inflowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing topsoil charcoal, ash, and stone cover effects on the postfire hydrologic and erosive response under laboratory conditions

et al. 2018

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Wildfires typically transform vegetation and litter into a heterogeneous layer of ash and charred material covering the soil surface that can substantially modify the postfire hydrological and erosive response. To further elucidate the influence of postfire covering layers on sheet and concentrated flow erosion, we carried out laboratory rainfall and inflow simulations on 5 distinct soil surface conditions: bare soil, with a protective cover of char, ash, stones, and a combination thereof simulating field conditions. Each of 3 replicate simulations per treatment involved 4 runs, the first 2 simulating just rain (at 56 mm hr−1) under dry and wet soil conditions and the next 2 simulating rain together with inflow at high and extreme rates (0.76 and 1.4 L min−1). Overall runoff over the 4 runs together was lower for all 4 types of protective cover than for bare soil, but ash and char were clearly less effective than stones and, in particular, field conditions with runoff reductions of 25%, 23%, 40%, and 70%, respectively. Stones and field conditions were similarly effective in reducing overall erosion rates (with 47% and 77%, respectively), whereas ash and char even slightly increased overall erosion rates compared to bare soil. Ash and char were effective in reduction erosion but only during the first 2 runs under simulated rainfall. The greater effectiveness of the field conditions suggested synergistic effects between its 3 components, probably due to the stones enhancing infiltration and increasing flow resistance, thereby hampering detachment of ash and char and/or enhancing their deposition.

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“…The severity and frequency of forest fires have increased globally over the last three decades (Shin et al 2012, Moody et al 2013. In some respects, forest fires are considered a part of natural processes rather than an ecological disaster (Pausas et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The changes of soil salinity in the Pinus densiflora forest after seawater spread using a fire-fight helicopter

Park¹,

Koo²,

Lee³

2015

J. Ecol. Environ.

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The east coast of the Korean Peninsula is susceptible to fires because of the low rainfall in winter and spring, and large forest fires have occurred in this area. Lack of fresh water to combat fires has hampered efforts to prevent widespread forest fires in this region. Seawater has not been used as a suppressant because of possible detrimental effects of salt. We investigated the mobility of saline water in the forest soil and their effect on the microbial activity. Using a fire-fighting helicopter, seawater was sprayed over three plots (50 × 100 m) located on the eastern slope of the Baekdu mountain range in South Korea in April, 2011. We sampled the soil in April 4, May 20, and August 5 to determine the amount of salt that remained in the soil. The electrical conductivity value of the soil decreased to <400 μS/cm over a 1-month period. Approximately, four months after the application of seawater, the electrical conductivity value and Na + content in all treatment plots did not significantly differ to those of the control plot, and total microbial activity also recovered to that of the control. Our results indicate that the amount of rainfall, soil physical-chemical properties, and topological factors may be a critical factor determining the mobility of saline water in forest soil.

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Sediment and hydrological response to vegetation recovery following wildfire on hillslopes and the hollow of a small watershed

Cited by 34 publications

References 69 publications

Regulation of precipitation‐associated vegetation dynamics on catchment water balance in a semiarid and arid mountainous watershed

Regulation of precipitation‐associated vegetation dynamics on catchment water balance in a semiarid and arid mountainous watershed

Comparing topsoil charcoal, ash, and stone cover effects on the postfire hydrologic and erosive response under laboratory conditions

The changes of soil salinity in the Pinus densiflora forest after seawater spread using a fire-fight helicopter

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