Sediment and wood accumulations in humid tropical headwater streams: Effects of logging and riparian buffers

Gomi, Takashi; Sidle, Roy C.; Noguchi, Shoji; Negishi, Junjiro N.; Nik, Abdul Rahim; Sasaki, Shozo

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2005.12.016

Cited by 79 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…reduced from 1995 to 1996 levels, the Baru catchment is not fully recovered 21 years after selective logging ceased in mid-1989. Although runoff from roads and skid trails can remain enhanced after 40 years [32], previous research at Danum [5] and elsewhere in southeast Asia [33][34][35] has demonstrated the dual, but short-term (less than 4 years) to medium-term (5 -12 years postlogging) roles of logging roads in generating sources of sediment via road runoff or through causing landslides. Also enhanced slopewash rates on landslide scars in primary forest terrain in Puerto Rico lasted only 2 years after a landslide before revegetation reduced rates to pre-landslide levels [36].…”

Section: Erosional Impacts Of Current and Future Climatic Change (A) mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term responses of rainforest erosional systems at different spatial scales to selective logging and climatic change

Walsh

Bidin

Blake

et al. 2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Long-term (21-30 years) erosional responses of rainforest terrain in the Upper Segama catchment, Sabah, to selective logging are assessed at slope, small and large catchment scales. In the 0.44 km 2 Baru catchment, slope erosion measurements over 1990-2010 and sediment fingerprinting indicate that sediment sources 21 years after logging in 1989 are mainly road-linked, including fresh landslips and gullying of scars and toe deposits of 1994 -1996 landslides. Analysis and modelling of 5 -15 min stream-suspended sediment and discharge data demonstrate a reduction in stormsediment response between 1996 and 2009, but not yet to pre-logging levels. An unmixing model using bed-sediment geochemical data indicates that 49 per cent of the 216 t km 22 a 21 2009 sediment yield comes from 10 per cent of its area affected by road-linked landslides. Fallout 210 Pb and 137 Cs values from a lateral bench core indicate that sedimentation rates in the 721 km 2 Upper Segama catchment less than doubled with initially highly selective, low-slope logging in the 1980s, but rose 7 -13 times when steep terrain was logged in 1992 -1993 and 1999-2000. The need to keep steeplands under forest is emphasized if landsliding associated with current and predicted rises in extreme rainstorm magnitude-frequency is to be reduced in scale.

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Section: Erosional Impacts Of Current and Future Climatic Change (A) mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term responses of rainforest erosional systems at different spatial scales to selective logging and climatic change

Walsh

Bidin

Blake

et al. 2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…1), and is divided into three catchments designated C1, C2 and C3 [25][26][27] . Catchments C2 and C3 were logged in November 1999 15,34 , and C3 was cleared from December 2003 to January 2004 38 . Among the three catchments, only C2 (area: 34.26 ha, altitude: 53-213 m) includes 20-m-wide buffer zones on both sides of streams to prevent sediment discharge caused by logging roads and skid trails.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These buffers range in width from 10 to 100 m from stream center, depending on stream width, which ranges from 1 to > 40 m, in accordance with the ReducedImpact Logging Guidelines for Lowland and Hill Dipterocarp Forests in Indonesia 35 . In the tropical rainforest of Bukit Tarek Experimental Watershed (BTEW) in Peninsular Malaysia, sediment accumulations were observed along narrow streams after logging, despite the existence of 20-m-wide buffer zones 15,34 double the width dictated in the guidelines. Thus, we examined erosion-accumulation depth, particularly as it relates to microtopography, on varying shaped slopes in 20-m-wide buffer zones to clarify the spatial effects on sediment discharge using the erosion pin method 1,4,29 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sediment Discharge through Buffer Zones in a Tropical Rainforest of Peninsular Malaysia

Ohnuki

Nik

Noguchi

et al. 2010

JARQ

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To prevent soil runoff from logging roads and skid trails, buffer zones are commonly established along both sides of streams. These buffers range in width from 10 to 100 m from the center of the stream, depending on stream width, (from 1 to > 40 m) as dictated by the Reduced-Impact Logging Guidelines for Lowland and Hill Dipterocarp Forests in Indonesia. In the Bukit Tarek Experimental Watershed in Malaysia, sediment accumulations were observed along narrow streams after logging despite the presence of 20-m-wide buffer zones, double the width set out in the guidelines. Thus, we examined erosion-accumulation depths on different slopes in 20-m-wide buffer zones to clarify the spatial effects on sediment discharge, particularly as it relates to the microtopography and the vegetation cover, including fallen trees. Some of the accumulation depths at lower elevations and along streams were small, whereas on steep concave slopes and hollows that extend to streams, large accumulations were observed 1 year after logging. These findings indicated that, although a 20-m-wide buffer zone may be partly effective at preventing sediment discharge, it is not adequate on concave slopes (lower side-hollows and channel walls) where surface flows often converge. We compared several physical properties of the surface soil in accumulated areas relative to undisturbed areas and demonstrated that bulk density was larger and total porosity and coarse porosity were smaller in the accumulated soils, especially on lower side-hollows. These results indicate that soils accumulated on concave slopes would accelerate the occurrence of surface flow. Tree distribution was not dense in the buffer zones, but fallen trees and the relatively dense understory vegetation including rattans and palms partly prevented the discharge of sediment into streams. Our findings suggested that 20-mwide buffer zones with dense fallen trees and understory vegetation are partly sufficient to prevent sediment discharge; however, along steep concave slopes and hollows where rain water converges, wider and thicker buffer zones are needed.Discipline: Forestry and forest products Additional key words: fallen tree, physical property, soil runoff, vegetation cover

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“…In addition, the contribution of intercepted subsurface flow to road runoff and sediment transport was evaluated based on the observation of hydrological and sediment fluxes at a 3-year old logging road (Negishi et al 2008). Riparian buffers in tropical rain forests filter the sediment discharge from logging roads under suitable forest management (Gomi et al 2006, Ohnuki et al 2010. Ferns (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Throughfall at an Abandoned Skid Trail in a Tropical Rain Forest in Peninsular Malaysia

Noguchi

Negishi

Yusop³

et al. 2018

JARQ

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Knowledge of throughfall at abandoned skid trails in tropical forests is extremely scarce. Thus, throughfall was measured using 120 storage rain gauges set on a skid trail left abandoned 41 years after forest harvesting in the Bukit Tarek Experimental Watershed (BTEW) in Peninsular Malaysia. All trees of ≥ 1 m height in the plot were identified to the species level, and their diameter at breast height (DBH) and height were measured. Vegetation along the skid trail comprises trees with smaller DBH (0.2-31.0 cm, with a mean of 2.0 cm) and shorter height (1.0-20.0 m, with a mean of 2.8 m) than those in the regenerated secondary forests of BTEW. The diversity (i.e. 43 families, 131 species) at the skid trail was similar to that in an old tropical forest at BTEW. The ratio of throughfall to gross rainfall (Th/Rg) for 84 rain events ranged from 27.4% to 204.7% with a mean and standard deviation of 98.1% and 33.2%, respectively. We found that a considerable amount of rainwater dropped under bertam (i.e. Eugeissona tristis) and rattan (i.e. Daemonorops callicarpa, Calamus insignis) vegetation. The Th/Rg ratio weakly correlated with canopy openness. The mean Th/Rg ratio is the largest mean ratio ever reported for forests in Malaysia.

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Sediment and wood accumulations in humid tropical headwater streams: Effects of logging and riparian buffers

Cited by 79 publications

References 40 publications

Long-term responses of rainforest erosional systems at different spatial scales to selective logging and climatic change

Long-term responses of rainforest erosional systems at different spatial scales to selective logging and climatic change

Sediment Discharge through Buffer Zones in a Tropical Rainforest of Peninsular Malaysia

Throughfall at an Abandoned Skid Trail in a Tropical Rain Forest in Peninsular Malaysia

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