Sediment-associated heavy metal contamination and potential ecological risk along an urban river in South Africa

Mohajane, Chaka; Manjoro, Munyaradzi

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12499

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…TEL and PEL are frequently utilized tools to estimate the adverse biological effects of HMs in sediment [ [35] , [36] , [37] ]. While adverse biological effects are occasionally observed below TEL values, they are more likely to occur if concentrations exceed PEL values.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A holistic approach to the assessment of heavy metal levels and associated risks in the coastal sediment of Giresun, southeast Black Sea

Kodat

Tepe

2023

Heliyon

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A holistic approach to the assessment of heavy metal levels and associated risks in the coastal sediment of Giresun, southeast Black Sea

Kodat

Tepe

2023

Heliyon

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“…The background concentration of each metal in the Henan Province was used as the reference value. The division and class of E r and PER were defined in Table 1 [ 47 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Distribution and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal(oid)s Contamination in Topsoil around a Lead and Zinc Smelter in Henan Province, Central China

Liu

et al. 2023

Toxics

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A total of 137 farmland soil samples were collected around a lead/zinc smelter within 64 km2. The concentration, spatial distribution, and potential source of nine heavy metal(oid)s (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn) in soils and their potential ecological risk were investigated in detail. The results showed that the average concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cr and Zn in these soils were higher than their background value in Henan Province, and the average content of Cd was 2.83 times of the risk screening values in the national standard of China (GB 15618-2018). According to the distribution of different heavy metal(oid)s in soils, Cd and Pb in soil decrease gradually with the increase of distance from the smelter to the surrounding area. This indicates that the Pb and Cd originate from smelters via airborne practices according to the typical air pollution diffusion model. The distribution of Zn, Cu, and As were similar to Cd and Pb. However, Ni, V, Cr, and Co were mainly affected by soil parent materials. The potential ecological risk of Cd was higher than those of other elements, and the risk grade of the other eight elements was mainly low. The polluted soils with significantly high and high potential ecological risk covered 93.84% of all the studied regions. This should be of serious concern to government. The results of a principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) show that Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, and As were the elements mainly stemmed from smelter and other types of plants, with a contribution rate of 60.08%, while Co, Cr, Ni, and V are mainly caused by nature, with a contribution rate of 26.26%.

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“…Dalu et al ( 2014 ) noted a direct response of microalgal communities to changes in the physicochemical environment of the Kowie system riverine-estuarine continuum in South Africa’s Eastern Cape. Recent studies on South Africa’s urban Molopo River depicted anthropogenic Cu, Cr, Zn, and Pb sediment contamination with potentially deleterious ecological impacts on the benthic algal and macrofauna communities (Mohajane and Manjoro 2022 ). Additionally, the diatom-based biomonitoring tools (e.g., the “South African Diatom Index (SADI)” and the “Benthic Diatom Index (BDI)”) have been used to detect and quantify the magnitude of natural and anthropogenic impacts on stream ecosystems (Lang et al 2013 ; Harding and Taylor 2014 ; Sirunda et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the integration of microalgal communities for biomonitoring of metal pollution in aquatic ecosystems of sub-Saharan Africa

Mulenga,

Monde,

Johnson

et al. 2024

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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This review elucidated the recent advances in integrating microalgal communities in monitoring metal pollution in aquatic ecosystems of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). It also highlighted the potential of incorporating microalgae as bioindicators in emerging technologies, identified research gaps, and suggested directions for further research in biomonitoring of metal pollution. Reputable online scholarly databases were used to identify research articles published between January 2000 and June 2023 for synthesis. Results indicated that microalgae were integrated either individually or combined with other bioindicators, mainly macroinvertebrates, macrophytes, and fish, alongside physicochemical monitoring. There was a significantly low level of integration (< 1%) of microalgae for biomonitoring aquatic metal pollution in SSA compared to other geographical regions. Microalgal communities were employed to assess compliance (76%), in diagnosis (38%), and as early-warning systems (38%) of aquatic ecological health status. About 14% of biomonitoring studies integrated microalgal eDNA, while other technologies, such as remote sensing, artificial intelligence, and biosensors, are yet to be significantly incorporated. Nevertheless, there is potential for the aforementioned emerging technologies for monitoring aquatic metal pollution in SSA. Future monitoring in the region should also consider the standardisation and synchronisation of integrative biomonitoring and embrace the “Citizen Science” concept at national and regional scales. Graphical abstract

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Sediment-associated heavy metal contamination and potential ecological risk along an urban river in South Africa

Cited by 22 publications

References 44 publications

A holistic approach to the assessment of heavy metal levels and associated risks in the coastal sediment of Giresun, southeast Black Sea

A holistic approach to the assessment of heavy metal levels and associated risks in the coastal sediment of Giresun, southeast Black Sea

Spatial Distribution and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal(oid)s Contamination in Topsoil around a Lead and Zinc Smelter in Henan Province, Central China

Advances in the integration of microalgal communities for biomonitoring of metal pollution in aquatic ecosystems of sub-Saharan Africa

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