Sediment biotesting in the Baltic Sea

Lehtonen, Kari K.; Ahvo, Aino; Jørgensen, Kirsten S.; Schultz, Eija; Berezina, Nadezhda A.; Breitholtz, Magnus; Eklund, Britta; Linde, Margareta; Ström, Karin; Sundelin, Brita; Strand, Jakob

doi:10.6027/tn2018-508

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(3 citation statements)

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“…At the same time, a variety of sediment toxicity tests have been effectively used in assessing toxicant contamination. In the CONTEST project mentioned in the Exposure experiment design section, 19 biotests were used, and most of them showed concentration‐dependent toxicity related to the degree of chemical pollution measured in the same test sediment used in the present study, with some variability in the sensitivity of the test organisms and the endpoints measured (Lehtonen et al ). As an additional part of assessing the biotest battery used in the CONTEST project, the present study was an effort to use biomarkers at the biochemical level together with variables indicating reprotoxic effects in the same test species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The toxic sediment was pretested using the amphipod Corophium volutator 10‐d survival test, and according to the information obtained from this assay, all mixtures up to 1:32 test:reference sediment were lethal to the amphipods (Lehtonen et al ). The 1:32 dilution was used for further dilutions with the reference sediment to arrive at dilutions of 1:64, 1:128, 1:256, and 1:1024 test:reference sediment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sediment exposure experiments were conducted in the laboratory of the Marine Research Center of the Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE, Helsinki, Finland) in May to June of 2015. The study was related to the CONTEST project “Evaluation and selection of test methods for assessment of contaminated sediments in the Baltic Sea” (Lehtonen et al ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coupled Application of Antioxidant Defense Response and Embryo Development in Amphipod Crustaceans in the Assessment of Sediment Toxicity

Berezina

Lehtonen

Ahvo

2019

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Survival rate, frequency of malformed embryos, and antioxidant defense system responses in the benthic amphipod Gmelinoides fasciatus from the Baltic Sea were measured to examine the effects of toxic sediments, and to assess the usefulness of these endpoints in sediment toxicity biotesting. A highly contaminated sediment sample from the Baltic Sea was diluted with sediment from a clean site to come up with a series of 5 test sediments with dilutions from 1:32 to 1:1024, and the reference sediment. The 1:32 dilution of the test sediment was analyzed for organotins (2862 µg tin [Sn] kg dry wt –1), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (6064 µg kg dry wt –1), and selected trace metals (e.g., copper 352 mg kg dry wt –1). The survival rate of G. fasciatus (10‐d toxicity test) was 100% in the reference and 1:1024 treatments, and began to decline from the 1:256 dilution onward. In a 28‐d experiment, various types of morphological malformations were observed in 11 to 80% of the amphipod embryos in the 1:64, 1:128, and 1:256 dilutions, with only <5% in the reference treatment. Also, elevated activities in the antioxidant defense system enzymes glutathione S‐transferase and catalase were observed in amphipods exposed to the contaminated sediments compared with the reference treatment, with responses at lower contamination levels compared with the appearance of malformations in the embryos. The results obtained illustrate the effectiveness of the combined application of embryonic malformations and antioxidant defense system biomarkers in amphipods in the assessment of sediment toxicity, and potentially also of sublethal effects of chemical contamination in aquatic ecosystems. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2020–2031. © 2019 SETAC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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