Sediment Characteristics of the Lagoons of the Alaskan Beaufort Sea Coast, and Evolution of Simpson Lagoon

Naidu, A. Sathy; Mowatt, T.C.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-079030-2.50019-8

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Sedimentation rates in Simpson's Lagoon vary between no modern accumulation (L5) and 0.46 cm yr −1 (L1), much lower than previously reported sedimentation rates for this region [ Naidu et al ., ]. It is possible that a large amount of Colville River sediment has been directed west of the river mouth since the Naidu et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sources of terrigenous inputs to surface sediments of the Colville River Delta and Simpson's Lagoon, Beaufort Sea, Alaska

et al. 2013

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1] The provenance of sediments and particulate organic carbon (POC) in the Colville River delta and adjacent Simpson's Lagoon, in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea, was investigated using a variety of bulk and molecular techniques, including stable and radiocarbon isotopes, neodymium isotopes, algal pigments, and lignin-phenols. Additionally, stable carbon isotopes and lignin-phenols were analyzed on four different density fractions from sediments. The Colville River, the largest river in North America with a watershed exclusively located in the high-Arctic tundra, was an important source of terrestrial POC to the western edge of the Lagoon, shown by extremely old radiocarbon ages (fraction modern of 0.165 AE 0.001 close to the river mouth up to 0.418 AE 0.002 farther away). Stations without northern protective barrier islands had large amounts of marine POC input, and evidence of benthic microalgae was found in one area of the Lagoon (chlorophyll-a concentration 35.0 mg gOC À1 in the high-algal biomass area compared to 1 to 7 mg gOC À1 outside of it). Stations in the middle and eastern end of the Lagoon showed significant sediment input from coastal erosion (input of peat-indicating non-lignin-phenols 0.079 mg (100mgOC) À1 in the eastern lagoon compared to 0.022 mg (100mgOC) À1 near the Colville delta), and on the eastern end of the Lagoon there was evidence of input of Mackenzie River POC, shown with neodymium isotopes and also COP. POC inputs derived from rivers, coastal erosion, and marine productivity were quantified using a ternary mixing model and showed that fluvial supply and coastal erosion were the dominant carbon sources to the Lagoon. This constitutes the first study of POC delivery by the Colville River into a nearshore region and illustrates that continued warming of the high Arctic tundra will likely lead to increased riverine POC delivery to this region of the world. Citation: Schreiner, K. M., T. S. Bianchi, T. I. Eglinton, M. A. Allison, and A. J. M. Hanna (2013), Sources of terrigenous inputs to surface sediments of the Colville River Delta and Simpson's Lagoon, Beaufort Sea, Alaska, J.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is possible that a large amount of Colville River sediment has been directed west of the river mouth since the Naidu et al . [] measurements were made.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of terrigenous inputs to surface sediments of the Colville River Delta and Simpson's Lagoon, Beaufort Sea, Alaska

et al. 2013

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“…The western third of the area, which is comprised of marine silts and sands, was reported to have substantially higher erosion rates (5.4 m/year). The remainder of the study area had a rate of 1.4 m/year, and is comprised of sandy to gravelly deposits (see also Naidu et al 1984). Reimnitz et al (1988) and Barnes et al (1992) were the first to estimate that the yield of Beaufort sediments from coastal erosion was six-fold greater than that contributed by the discharge from the adjacent river basins.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of the Alaskan Beaufort Sea Coast and estimation of carbon and sediment inputs from coastal erosion

Jorgenson

Brown²

2004

Geo-Mar Lett

115

141

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A regional classification of shoreline segments along the Alaskan Beaufort Sea Coast was developed as the basis for quantifying coastal morphology, lithology, and carbon and mineral sediment fluxes. We delineated 48 mainland segments totaling 1,957 km, as well as 1,334 km of spits and islands. Mainland coasts were grouped into five broad classes: exposed bluffs (313 km), bays and inlets (235 km), lagoons with barrier islands (546 km), tapped basins (171 km) and deltas (691 km). Sediments are mostly silts and sands, with occasional gravel, and bank heights generally are low (2-4 m), especially for deltas (<1 m). Mean annual erosion rates (MAER) by coastline type vary from 0.7 m/year (maximum 10.4 m/year) for lagoons to 2.4 m/year for exposed bluffs (maximum 16.7 m/year). MAERs are much higher in silty soils (3.2 m/year) than in sandy (1.2 m/ year) to gravelly (À0.3 m/year) soils. Soil organic carbon along eroding shorelines (deltas excluded) range from 12 to 153 kg/m 2 of bank surface down to the water line. We assume carbon flux out from depositional delta sediments is negligible. Across the entire Alaskan Beaufort Sea Coast, estimated annual carbon input from eroding shorelines ranges from -47 to 818 Mg/km/year (Metric tones/km/year) across the 48 segments, average 149 Mg/ km/year (for 34 nondeltaic segments), and total 1.8·105 Mg/year. Annual mineral input from eroding shorelines ranges from À1,863 (accreting) to 15,752 Mg/ km/year, average 2,743 Mg/km/year, and totals 3.3 ·106 Mg/year.

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“…Previous studies (Dygas and Burrell, 1976;Lewellen, 1977;Hopkins and Hartz, 1978;Kovacs 1983;and Naidu 1984), using largely spot measurements from aerial photos and maps (for example fig. 4), have documented rapid rates of coastal retreat (figures 2 through 21 are found on the mapsheet numbered sequentially in an easterly direction along the coast).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beaufort Sea coastal erosion, shoreline evolution, and sediment flux

Reimnitz¹,

Graves²,

Barnes³

1985

Open-File Report

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Within the conterminous United States, the Gulf of Mexico coast has the highest erosion rates. The Texas coast, in many respects similar to that of the Beaufort Sea, retreats on average 1.2 m/yr, or about half the Beaufort Sea average. Since coastal erosion in arctic regions is restricted to three summer months when waves and coastal currents are active, erosion rates there must be multiplied by a factor of four for a meaningful comparison with the Texas coast, which experiences waves and currents year round. Accordingly arctic erosion rates are 8 times higher than Texas rates. Additionally, arctic fetches commonly are restricted by the ever present polar pack, unlike the long and constant Texas fetch allowing generation of larger and more pervasive waves. Classic wave theory therefore can not wholely account for the sediment dynamics of the arctic coastal zone, and we are left with fundamental questions which are important to future coastal development by petroleum industry.

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Sediment Characteristics of the Lagoons of the Alaskan Beaufort Sea Coast, and Evolution of Simpson Lagoon

Cited by 10 publications

References 16 publications

Sources of terrigenous inputs to surface sediments of the Colville River Delta and Simpson's Lagoon, Beaufort Sea, Alaska

Sources of terrigenous inputs to surface sediments of the Colville River Delta and Simpson's Lagoon, Beaufort Sea, Alaska

Classification of the Alaskan Beaufort Sea Coast and estimation of carbon and sediment inputs from coastal erosion

Beaufort Sea coastal erosion, shoreline evolution, and sediment flux

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