Sediment concentrations, loads, and particle-size distributions in the Red River of the North and selected tributaries near Fargo, North Dakota, during the 2010 spring high-flow event

Blanchard, R.A.; Ellison, Christopher A.; Galloway, Joel M.; Evans, Dennis A.

doi:10.3133/sir20115064

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Goharrokhi and Clark (2015) found that sediment distribution over the depth and cross section of the Red River in Winnipeg was relatively uniform. Blanchard et al (2011) found that 99% of the total sediment load through the Red River approximately 300 km upstream of the present study reach was suspended load, and that the bed load contribution in total sediment in the Red River was negligible. Goharrokhi and Clark (2015) confirmed that these results were true for the Red River within the city of Winnipeg as well.…”

Section: Case Study: Red River In Winnipeg Canadamentioning

confidence: 45%

Estimating cohesive sediment erosion and deposition rates in wide rivers

2016

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Sediment erosion and deposition rates are two of the most important factors that influence fluvial geomorphology. Several experimental devices have been constructed to estimate cohesive sediment erosion rate. However, estimated erosion rates may not be reliable for large rivers due to limited soil sampling and a high dependency of cohesive sediment behaviour on several physical, mechanical, and electrochemical properties of the sediment and eroding fluid. A new methodology has been developed to estimate the erosion and deposition rate of wide rivers using in situ measurements. To test this methodology, an acoustic Doppler current profiler was used to collect bathymetry and velocity profiles over a study area along the Red River in Winnipeg, Canada. Sediment concentration profiles along an 8.5 km reach of the river were measured several times under different flow conditions. Finally, an advection–dispersion equation was numerically solved using measured and calculated streamwise dispersion coefficients, flow and channel characteristics to calculate net erosion and deposition over the study area. Moreover, an exponential relationship was obtained between the river discharge and longitudinal dispersion coefficient for the Red River.

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Section: Case Study: Red River In Winnipeg Canadamentioning

confidence: 45%

Estimating cohesive sediment erosion and deposition rates in wide rivers

2016

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“…Runoff velocity (m s −1 ) was measured using the Valeport ‘Braystoke’ Model 001 current meter. The velocity/area method (FAO, ) was used to estimate total runoff discharge (Equation 4), while sediment discharge was calculated from suspended sediment concentration samples (Blanchard et al, ) (Equation 5),

Q = A x V

Q_{s} = Q * C_{s} * K

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing Sediment Connectivity Through man‐Made and Natural Sediment Sinks in the Minizr Catchment, Northwest Ethiopia

et al. 2016

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Man‐made and natural sediment sinks provide a practical means for reducing downstream reservoir sedimentation by decreasing soil erosion and enhancing the rate of sedimentation within a catchment. The Minizr catchment (20 km2) in the northwest Ethiopian highlands contains numerous man‐made soil and water conservation (SWC) structures such as soil bunds (Erken), fanya juu ridge (Cab) and micro‐trenches and natural sediment sinks such as wetlands, floodplains and grassed waterways. These sediment sinks reduce downstream sedimentation into the Koga reservoir, located at the catchment outlet, however, a large quantity of sediment is still reaching the reservoir. This study evaluates the function and effectiveness of both man‐made SWC structures and natural sediment sinks in reducing sediment export from the Minizr catchment. SWC structures and natural sediment sinks were digitized using Google Earth Imagery. Sediment pins and vertical sampling through the deposit were used to quantify the amount of deposited sediment. In addition, inflow and outflow of suspended sediment data were used to calculate the sediment‐trapping efficacies (STE) of man‐made SWC structures (soil bunds and fanya juu ridges) and natural sediment sinks. Results reveal that 144 km soil bunds and fanya juu ridges trapped 7,920 Mg y−1 (55 kg m−1 y−1) and micro‐trenches trapped 13·26 Mg y−1, each micro‐trench on average trapped 23 kg y−1. The 17 ha floodplain located in the centre of the catchment trapped 9,970 Mg y−1 (59 kg m−2 y−1), while a wetland with a surface area of 24 ha, located near the outlet of the catchment, trapped 8,715 Mg y−1 (36 kg m−2 y−1). The STEs of soil bunds and fanya juu ridges, wetlands and floodplains were 54%, 85% and 77%, respectively. Substantial differences were observed between the STE of grassed and un‐grassed waterways at 75% and 21%, respectively. Existing man‐made and natural sediment sinks played an important role in trapping sediment, with 38% (26,600 Mg y−1) of transported sediment being trapped, while 62% (43,000 Mg y−1) is exported from the catchment and thus enters the Koga reservoir. Therefore, additional catchment treatment measures are required as an integrated catchment scale sediment trapping approach to help reduce sediment loads entering Koga reservoir. Moreover, to maximize the effectiveness of sediment trapping measures, avoid structural failure and ensure their sustainability, regular maintenance is needed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…The average contributions of < 2 µm and 2-63 µm fractions in suspended sediment of the Yangtze River were 48.1% and 51.9%, respectively (Yu et al, 2011). For the Red River, the Maple River, the Sheyenne River, and the Wild Rice River, 75-99% of the suspended sediment was below 62 µm (Blanchard et al, 2011). Walling et al (2000) reported that >95% of the suspended sediment was below 63 µm for the Humber River and the Tweed River (UK).…”

Section: Suspended Sediment Particle Size During Water and Sediment Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of water-sediment regulation of the Xiaolangdi reservoir on the concentrations, characteristics, and fluxes of suspended sediment and organic carbon in the Yellow River

Xia

Dong

Wang³

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

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Water-sediment regulation (WSR) of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir in the Yellow River is different from other water conservancy projects, with sediment resuspending along the river downstream of the reservoir during water regulation while some suspended sediment depositing during sediment regulation. In this study, samples were collected before, during, and after WSR to investigate the effect of WSR on the suspended sediment and organic carbon downstream of the reservoir. The suspended sediment concentration ([SPS]) increased with the river flow velocity (V) as a power function ([SPS]=1.348V(2.519)) during the three periods. The suspended sediment grain size decreased along the river during water and sediment regulations and after WSR; they were generally below 200μm with the fine particles (<50μm) of 68.0%-93.7% and positively correlated with the flow velocity. The black carbon content in suspended sediment elevated along the river during both water and sediment regulations, and it increased with 2-50μm fraction during water regulation and with <2μm fraction during sediment regulation, suggesting that black carbon mainly exists in fine particles and is influenced by both suspended sediment source and characteristics. There was no significant difference in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration during water regulation, sediment regulation, and after WSR, inferring that the effect of sediment resuspension/deposition on DOC concentration was insignificant. The contribution of DOC flux (27.3%) during WSR period to the annual flux was comparable to that (22.6%) of water, but lower than the sediment (32.5%) and particulate organic carbon (POC) (49.5%). This study suggests that WSR will exert significant influence on the concentrations, characteristics and fluxes of POC (p<0.05) and sediment (p<0.05) but have no significant influence on DOC (p>0.1) of the Yellow River.

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Sediment concentrations, loads, and particle-size distributions in the Red River of the North and selected tributaries near Fargo, North Dakota, during the 2010 spring high-flow event

Cited by 21 publications

References 15 publications

Estimating cohesive sediment erosion and deposition rates in wide rivers

Estimating cohesive sediment erosion and deposition rates in wide rivers

Reducing Sediment Connectivity Through man‐Made and Natural Sediment Sinks in the Minizr Catchment, Northwest Ethiopia

Effect of water-sediment regulation of the Xiaolangdi reservoir on the concentrations, characteristics, and fluxes of suspended sediment and organic carbon in the Yellow River

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