Sediment load and timing of sedimentation affect spore establishment in Macrocystis pyrifera and Undaria pinnatifida

Geange, Shane W.; Powell, Abigail; Clemens-Seely, Katie; Cárdenas, César

doi:10.1007/s00227-014-2442-6

Cited by 27 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…There are several pre-and post-settlement processes that differ between extinct and extant patches that could play a role in disrupting the link between connectivity and colonization. Storms that cause local giant kelp extinction can also transport sediments over low-relief reefs, reducing effective patch size and inhibiting recruitment success (Geange et al 2014), sometimes for many years (Reed et al 2008). Patches lacking giant kelp are also more likely to support an abundance of understory macroalgae (Dayton et al 1984) that can outcompete early life-history stages of giant kelp (Reed andFoster 1984, Reed 1990).…”

Section: Colonization Following Local Extinctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patches lacking giant kelp are also more likely to support an abundance of understory macroalgae (Dayton et al 1984) that can outcompete early life-history stages of giant kelp (Reed andFoster 1984, Reed 1990). Storms that cause local giant kelp extinction can also transport sediments over low-relief reefs, reducing effective patch size and inhibiting recruitment success (Geange et al 2014), sometimes for many years (Reed et al 2008).…”

Section: Colonization Following Local Extinctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Connectivity structures local population dynamics: a long‐term empirical test in a large metapopulation system

Castorani

Reed

Alberto

et al. 2015

Ecology

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Ecological theory predicts that demographic connectivity structures the dynamics of local populations within metapopulation systems, but empirical support has been constrained by major limitations in data and methodology. We tested this prediction for giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera, a key habitat-forming species in temperate coastal ecosystems worldwide, in southern California, USA. We combined a long-term (22 years), large-scale (~500 km coastline), high-resolution census of abundance with novel patch delineation methods and an innovative connectivity measure incorporating oceanographic transport and source fecundity. Connectivity strongly predicted local dynamics (well-connected patches had lower probabilities of extinction and higher probabilities of colonization, leading to greater likelihoods of occupancy) but this relationship was mediated by patch size. Moreover, the relationship between connectivity and local population dynamics varied over time, possibly due to temporal variation in oceanographic transport processes. Surprisingly, connectivity had a smaller influence on colonization relative to extinction, possibly because local ecological factors differ greatly between extinct and extant patches. Our results provide the first comprehensive evidence that southern California giant kelp populations function as a metapopulation system, challenging the view that populations of this important foundation species are governed exclusively by self-replenishment.

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Section: Colonization Following Local Extinctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Colonization Following Local Extinctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connectivity structures local population dynamics: a long‐term empirical test in a large metapopulation system

Castorani

Reed

Alberto

et al. 2015

Ecology

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“…), sedimentation (Geange et al . ), and nutrient availability has been shown to control seaweed population dynamics (Buschmann et al . ; Nielsen & Navarrete ; Wieters ; Vásquez et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variation in epifaunal communities associated with giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) at an upwelling‐dominated site

et al. 2016

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Kelp forests are highly productive and species-rich benthic ecosystems in temperate regions that provide biogenic habitat for numerous associated species. Diverse epifaunal communities inhabit kelp sporophytes and are subject to variations in the physical environment and to changes experienced by the kelp habitat itself. We assessed seasonal variations in epifaunal invertebrate communities inhabiting giant kelps, Macrocystis pyrifera, and their effects on this seaweed. Six seasonal samplings were conducted over a year at an upwelling-dominated site in northern-central Chile where physical conditions are known to fluctuate temporally. More than 30 taxa were identified, among which peracarid crustaceans stood out in both diversity and abundance. Species richness and abundance differed among sporophyte sections (holdfast and fronds) and throughout the year. The frond community was dominated by two grazers (the amphipod Peramphithoe femorata and the isopod Amphoroidea typa), while suspension feeders, grazers, and omnivores (the amphipod Aora typica, the isopod Limnoria quadripunctata, and polychaetes) dominated the holdfasts. Abundances of the dominant species fluctuated throughout the year but patterns of variation differed among species. The most abundant grazer (P. femorata) had highest densities in summer, while the less abundant grazer (A. typa) reached its peak densities in winter. Interestingly, the area of kelp damaged by grazers was highest in autumn and early winter, suggesting that grazing impacts accumulate during periods of low kelp growth, which can thus be considered as 'vestiges of herbivory past.' Among the factors determining the observed seasonal patterns, strong variability of environmental conditions, reproductive cycles of associated fauna, and predation by fishes vary in importance. Our results suggest that during spring and early summer, bottom-up processes shape the community structure of organisms inhabiting large perennial seaweeds, whereas during late summer and autumn, top-down processes are more important.

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“…One of the rapidly changing environmental parameters associated with turbidity is underwater light, which is a critical energy source for benthic primary producers (Kirk 2011). Despite this, research has largely focused on the impacts of sedimentation rather than the direct consequences of decreased light (Airoldi 2003;Gorgula and Connell 2004;Roleda and Dethleff 2011;Geange et al 2014;Strain et al 2015;Zacher et al 2016).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology and photosynthetic response of the kelp Ecklonia radiata across a turbidity gradient

Blain

Rees

Hansen

et al. 2019

Limnology & Oceanography

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Increasing turbidity in coastal waters reduces benthic irradiance levels and consequently poses a fundamental threat to benthic primary producers and the food webs they support. It is therefore necessary to better understand how important primary producers, such as kelp, can adapt both physiologically and morphologically to these declining light conditions. This study examines how variation in turbidity influences the morphology of the kelp Ecklonia radiata, and how this relates to photosynthetic performance, by measuring multiple morphological characteristics, photosynthesis‐irradiance response, and photosynthetic pigments in adult kelp across a large‐scale turbidity gradient. Kelp morphology was strongly related to variation in benthic irradiance among sites, but this was not consistent with morphological acclimation. Kelp at the most turbid sites had short stipes (< 0.4 m) and lower surface area to volume ratios (SA:V) than kelp at moderate to high‐light sites, which had long stipes (~ 1 m) and high SA:V. Photosynthetic parameters and pigment content also varied considerably in relation to benthic irradiance, with increased photosynthetic efficiency and pigment content at low‐light sites. However, maximum rates of photosynthesis were highest at high‐light sites and strongly positively related to higher SA:V of kelp at these sites. These results demonstrate that while physiological adaptation may increase photosynthetic efficiency at low‐light sites, maximum photosynthetic output is strongly related to thallus morphology rather than cellular acclimation. This suggests that the large‐scale variation in kelp morphology observed across the turbidity gradient likely has important consequences for overall primary production as well as other important ecosystem functions.

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Sediment load and timing of sedimentation affect spore establishment in Macrocystis pyrifera and Undaria pinnatifida

Cited by 27 publications

References 46 publications

Connectivity structures local population dynamics: a long‐term empirical test in a large metapopulation system

Connectivity structures local population dynamics: a long‐term empirical test in a large metapopulation system

Seasonal variation in epifaunal communities associated with giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) at an upwelling‐dominated site

Morphology and photosynthetic response of the kelp Ecklonia radiata across a turbidity gradient

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