Sediment toxicity measured using Vibrio fischeri as related to the concentrations of organic (PCBs, PAHs) and inorganic (metals, sulphur) pollutants

A review on advantages of implementing luminescence inhibition test (Vibrio fischeri) for acute toxicity prediction of chemicals

“…This bioassay is applicable for almost all kinds of samples such as surface and groundwater samples (Boyd et al, 1967), complex effluents (Reemtsma et al, 1999), municipal waste effluent and sediments (Cotou et al, 2002;Salizzato et al, 1998). It has been used for measuring short and long-term photoinduced toxicity of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (El-Alawi et al, 2002).…”

“…Bioluminescence inhibition assay has been applied as a sensitive and rapid screening tool for determining the whole effluent toxicity for various industrial effluents, i.e., dye wastewater from textile industry (Davere and Bahadir, 1994); and whitewater and effluent from paper mill (Rigol et al, 2004). Salizzato et al (1998) successfully applied the solid phase assay to lagoon sediments (< 63 Am) using a modified protocol for correlating the toxic units (TU = 100/EC 50 ) for sediments obtained from a lagoon to the composition of organic and inorganic toxicants. The toxic effect was primarily attributed to inorganics.…”

Factors determining the accumulation of pentachlorophenol — a precursor of dioxins in bottom sediments of the Gulf of Gdańsk (Baltic Sea)

“…Toxicity of the collected sediments was measured by Microtox® using the Basic Solid Phase procedure, commonly applied for a sediment quality assessment (Salizzato et al 1998, Lahr et al 2003, Viganoet al 2003. The test applies a strain of marine bacteria Vibrio fisheri as a bioindicator.…”

Geostatistical methods for estimation of toxicity of marine bottom sediments based on the Gdańsk Basin area

“…The determined toxicity can be expressed as 30 min EC50 values (%) which corresponds to the effective concentration of xenobiotic (solid or liquid) causing a 50% decrease in light emission. Another parameter to express the toxicity are toxicity units (TU50), which are an inverse of EC50 expressed as a percentage to facilitate the interpretation of the obtained results, where a higher value of TU50 means higher toxicity, in contrast to EC50 values which decreases as toxicity increases (Salizzato et al 1998, Coya et al 2000, Van den Brink & Kater 2006, Mamindy-Pajany et al 2012.…”

“…The results presented as maps indicate the particularly endangered regions where further studies on the identification of chemicals responsible for the toxicity should be carried out. Considering different analytical procedures, the Basic Solid Phase Test (Azur Environmental 1998) corresponds to the toxicity of the entire sediment and has been commonly applied for marine sediments (Salizzato et al 1998, Lahr et al 2003, Vigano et al 2003, Coz et al 2008. It has also been approved as a standard government ecotoxicological bioassay in several countries like Canada, The Netherlands, France, Germany, Sweden and Spain (Keddy et al 1995, Park & Hee 2001.…”