Sediment‐water Fluxes of Nutrients and Dissolved Organic Carbon in Extensive Sea Cucumber Culture Ponds

Zheng, Zhichao; Dong, Shuanglin; Tian, Xiangli; Wang, Fang; Gao, Qinfeng; Bai, Peifeng

doi:10.1002/clen.200800193

Cited by 32 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…; Zheng et al . ). Japanese researchers attempted IMTA of the temperate species A. japonicus with sea urchins, as the sea cucumbers were observed feeding on the faeces and fouling of the cages used (Ito ).…”

Section: Rationale and History Of Sea Cucumber Integrated Aquaculturementioning

confidence: 97%

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Role of deposit‐feeding sea cucumbers in integrated multitrophic aquaculture: progress, problems, potential and future challenges

Zamora

Yuan

Carton

et al. 2016

Reviews in Aquaculture

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There is significant commercial and research interest in the application of sea cucumbers as nutrient recyclers and processors of particulate waste in polyculture or integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA) systems. The following article reviews examples of existing IMTA systems operating with sea cucumbers, and details the role and effect of several sea cucumber species in experimental and pilot IMTA systems worldwide. Historical observations and quantification of impacts of sea cucumber deposit-feeding and locomotion are examined, as is the development and testing of concepts for the application of sea cucumbers in sediment remediation and site recovery. The extension of applied IMTA systems is reported, from basic piloting through to economically viable farming systems operating at commercial scales. The near-global recognition of the ecological and economic value of deposit-feeding sea cucumbers in IMTA applications within existing and developing aquaculture industries is discussed. Predictions and recommendations are offered for optimal development of sea cucumber IMTA globally. Future directions within the industry are indicated, and key areas of ecological, biological and commercial concern are highlighted to be kept in mind and addressed in a precautionary manner as the industry develops.

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Section: Rationale and History Of Sea Cucumber Integrated Aquaculturementioning

confidence: 97%

“…; Chen ; Zheng et al . ). In the Philippines and Vietnam, H. scabra is grown in abandoned shrimp ponds at small commercial scales.…”

Section: Commercial and Experimental Integration Of Sea Cucumbers Intmentioning

confidence: 97%

Role of deposit‐feeding sea cucumbers in integrated multitrophic aquaculture: progress, problems, potential and future challenges

Zamora

Yuan

Carton

et al. 2016

Reviews in Aquaculture

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“…The feeding activities of the species could effectively remove nutrient matter deposited in benthic habitats and consequently reduce the nutrient loadings in coastal ecosystems (Zheng et al 2009). Thus, a number of stable isotope studies have been conducted to improve understanding of the feeding and ecology of sea cucumbers (Slater & Carton 2010, Gao et al 2011.…”

Section: Resale or Republication Not Permitted Without Written Consenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimates of carbon turnover rates in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka) using stable isotope analysis: the role of metabolism and growth

Sun¹,

Gao²,

Dong³

et al. 2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Stable isotope analysis is increasingly being used to determine the trophic relationships of aquatic ecosystems. Most ecological and biological conclusions from isotope analysis are based on the assumption that the tissues of the respective consumers are in equilibrium with the potential food sources. Such an assumption, however, is not always validated in individual field studies. Hence, knowledge of the stable isotope turnover rates for the experimental organisms is fundamental for interpreting isotopic data. In this study, the carbon isotopic turnover rates for body walls and intestines of sea cucumbers Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka) of different sizes were investigated. The carbon isotopic turnover rate for the intestine was found to be faster than that for the body wall. The carbon stable isotope turnover rate decreased with an increase in body size, owing to the decrease in the metabolic activities of the larger individuals. Metabolism, rather than growth, was the principal driver of carbon stable isotope turnover, contributing 80 to 90% of the turnover for the intestine and 60 to 75% for the body wall. Analysis of the relationship between carbon replacement and the metabolism of sea cucumbers showed that the half-lives of carbon isotope replacement for both intestine and body wall were significantly related to physiological activities in terms of the oxygen consumption rates and food ingestion rates of the sea cucumbers. Our findings suggested that differences in turnover rates between various species and tissues should be considered when using stable isotopes in ecological studies. It is proposed that further development of isotope mixing models is needed and that these models should integrate isotope turnover for specific species or tissues. KEY WORDS: Sea cucumber · Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka) · Carbon turnover · Stable isotope · Metabolism Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 457: [101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112] 2012 tern (Tieszen et al. 1983, Peterson & Fry 1987, McCutchan et al. 2003. Carbon stable isotope, which typically discriminates with the delta value (δ) of 1 ‰ for each trophic level (Peterson & Fry 1987), is often used to quantify food assimilation, providing the technical measure for analyzing consumers long-term food utilization (Peterson et al. 1985, Kurata et al. 2001, Yokoyama et al. 2005, Gao et al. 2006, Kharlamenko et al. 2008. These studies and their conclusions are based on the assumption that tissues of consumers are in isotopic equilibrium with their diet (Post 2002, Gao et al. 2006. However, this may not necessarily be true, since the carbon isotopic ratios of the food items absorbed by the consumer are always dynamic. This is due to the different mechanisms of carbon fixation between primary producers, the seasonality of food availability and the movement or migration of predators, as well as the difference in the physiological characteristics of various species . When t...

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“…The sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus Selenka has been successfully cultured in shrimp ponds without supplemental feeding (Chen, 2003). In addition to yielding a valuable seafood resource, pond-culture of sea cucumber without the addition of artificial food could provide an effective method to remove nutrients from aquaculture systems and thus decrease nutrient loads to nearby coastal areas (Zheng et al, 2009). In practice, farmers used to supplement feed to sea cucumber ponds to increase the yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological effects of co-culturing sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka) with scallop Chlamys farreri in earthen ponds

Ren

Dong

Qin

et al. 2012

Chin. J. Ocean. Limnol.

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Monthly changes in sedimentation and sediment properties were studied for three different culture treatments: sea cucumber monoculture (Mc), sea cucumber and scallop polyculture (Ps-c) and scallop monoculture (Ms). Results indicated that the survival rate of sea cucumber was significantly higher in Ps-c cultures than in Mc cultures. Sea cucumber yield was 69.6% higher in Ps-c culture than in Mc culture. No significant differences in body weight and scallop shell length were found between Ps-c and Ms cultures. The mean sedimentation rate of total particulate matter (TPM) was 72.2 g/(m 2 ⋅d) in Ps-c cultures, with a maximum of 119.7 g/(m 2 ⋅d), which was markedly higher than that of Mc (mean value). Sedimentation rates of organic matter (OM), total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in Ps-c cultures were also significantly higher than those in Mc cultures. TOC and TN contents of sediment increased rapidly in the first 5 months in Ms cultures and remained at a high level. TOC and TN contents in Mc and Ps-c cultures decreased during sea cucumber feeding seasons and increased during sea cucumber dormancy periods (summer and winter). The study demonstrates that co-culture of sea cucumber and scallop in earthen ponds is an alternative way to alleviate nutrient loads and improve water quality in coastal aquaculture systems. Moreover, it provides the additional benefit of an increased sea cucumber yield.

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Sediment‐water Fluxes of Nutrients and Dissolved Organic Carbon in Extensive Sea Cucumber Culture Ponds

Cited by 32 publications

References 27 publications

Role of deposit‐feeding sea cucumbers in integrated multitrophic aquaculture: progress, problems, potential and future challenges

Role of deposit‐feeding sea cucumbers in integrated multitrophic aquaculture: progress, problems, potential and future challenges

Estimates of carbon turnover rates in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka) using stable isotope analysis: the role of metabolism and growth

Ecological effects of co-culturing sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka) with scallop Chlamys farreri in earthen ponds

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