“…Figure 10.Comparison of Ganggeng Nur Lake proxies and other indicators. ( a ) The population of China over the past 150 years (red line, Jiang et al 2022) and the population of Inner Mongolia since AD 1949 (blue line); ( b ) the utilization rate of cropland and grassland after cropland retirement in Inner Mongolia since AD 2000 (Yin et al, 2018); ( c ) the area of grassland and cropland in the Daihai Lake watershed over the past 40 years (Y. Zhang et al, 2021); ( d ) A/C in sediment core GGNE-2; ( e ) median size in sediment core GGNE-2; ( f ) proportion of aquatic n-alkanes (Paq) in sediment core GGNE-2. Vertical gray bar = AD 1967 to AD 2005.…”
As the main global terrestrial ecosystem component, grasslands are extremely sensitive to global climate change. With increasing human activities over the last century, grassland ecosystems have been degraded to different degrees. However, the evolution of lake-grassland ecosystems in recent centuries remains unclear due to the dearth of high-resolution records. Here, we present high-resolution lacustrine sediment grain size, pollen (Artemisia, Myriophyllum), Pediastrum, and n-alkane records from Ganggeng Nur Lake to investigate vegetation, lake evolution, and human effects in semiarid northern China. Four stages were identified from the last ca. 150 years: (1) the natural evolution stage (AD 1870–1945), in which there was a wet climate around Ganggeng Nur and the lake level rose from increased runoff; (2) the human disturbance stage (AD 1945–1967), in which the regional climate got drier and human activities began having a detectable effect on the grassland ecosystem; (3) the human transformation stage (AD 1967–2005), in which a completely arid climate coupled with the implementation of a series of land reclamation policies resulted in a large reduction in grassland areas, extensive soil erosion, exacerbated climate change, and shrinking lake areas; and (4) the posttreatment stage (AD 2005–2018), in which soil erosion was alleviated by policy implementation and a favorable humid climate.
“…Figure 10.Comparison of Ganggeng Nur Lake proxies and other indicators. ( a ) The population of China over the past 150 years (red line, Jiang et al 2022) and the population of Inner Mongolia since AD 1949 (blue line); ( b ) the utilization rate of cropland and grassland after cropland retirement in Inner Mongolia since AD 2000 (Yin et al, 2018); ( c ) the area of grassland and cropland in the Daihai Lake watershed over the past 40 years (Y. Zhang et al, 2021); ( d ) A/C in sediment core GGNE-2; ( e ) median size in sediment core GGNE-2; ( f ) proportion of aquatic n-alkanes (Paq) in sediment core GGNE-2. Vertical gray bar = AD 1967 to AD 2005.…”
As the main global terrestrial ecosystem component, grasslands are extremely sensitive to global climate change. With increasing human activities over the last century, grassland ecosystems have been degraded to different degrees. However, the evolution of lake-grassland ecosystems in recent centuries remains unclear due to the dearth of high-resolution records. Here, we present high-resolution lacustrine sediment grain size, pollen (Artemisia, Myriophyllum), Pediastrum, and n-alkane records from Ganggeng Nur Lake to investigate vegetation, lake evolution, and human effects in semiarid northern China. Four stages were identified from the last ca. 150 years: (1) the natural evolution stage (AD 1870–1945), in which there was a wet climate around Ganggeng Nur and the lake level rose from increased runoff; (2) the human disturbance stage (AD 1945–1967), in which the regional climate got drier and human activities began having a detectable effect on the grassland ecosystem; (3) the human transformation stage (AD 1967–2005), in which a completely arid climate coupled with the implementation of a series of land reclamation policies resulted in a large reduction in grassland areas, extensive soil erosion, exacerbated climate change, and shrinking lake areas; and (4) the posttreatment stage (AD 2005–2018), in which soil erosion was alleviated by policy implementation and a favorable humid climate.
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