Sedimentology of rocky shorelines: 3.

Noormets, Riko; Crook, Keith A. W.; Felton, Elizabeth A.

doi:10.1016/j.sedgeo.2004.07.006

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…It has been suggested that local morphological variations (e.g. surface irregularities, bed roughness, macro-roughness or microtopography) influence entrainment and transport distance during storms and tsunamis (Noormets et al, 2004;Hansom et al, 2008;Imamura et al, 2008;Nandasena et al, 2013;Terry et al, 2013;Weiss and Diplas, 2015). The scale of these roughness parameters is typically weakly described by the authors, although Nandasena et al (2013) use a Manning's formula of 0.025 and suggest that macro-roughness may have obstructed boulder movement.…”

Section: Geomorphological Control On Boulder Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is mounting (but still limited) evidence for storm induced boulder movement in a range of geomorphological settings . Recent research has documented stormdriven, bi-monthly to century timescale changes in coastal boulder deposits in subtidal (Mastronuzzi and Sanso, 2004), intertidal (Chen et al, 2011;Knight and Burningham, 2011;Peréz-Alberti and Trenhaile, 2015), supratidal (Noormets et al, 2004;Goto et al, 2013) and cliff-top (Hansom et al, 2008;Fichaut and Suanez, 2011) settings. These typically report movement of boulders months to years before and after a storm and reflect poor time-coupling between field observations and actual storm events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These typically report movement of boulders months to years before and after a storm and reflect poor time-coupling between field observations and actual storm events. Data before, during and after specific storm-events are currently lacking and are critical in understanding and predicting boulder responses to past, present or future storms (Noormets et al, 2004;Imamura et al, 2008;Goto et al, 2011). Such data may also help differentiate sedimentary signatures of palaeo boulder deposits (Lorang, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geomorphological control on boulder transport and coastal erosion before, during and after an extreme extra‐tropical cyclone

Naylor

Stephenson

Smith

et al. 2016

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Extreme wave events in coastal zones are principal drivers of geomorphic change. Evidence of boulder entrainment and erosional impact during storms is increasing. However, there is currently poor time coupling between pre-and post-storm measurements of coastal boulder deposits. Importantly there are no data reporting shore platform erosion, boulder entrainment and/or boulder transport during storm events -rock coast dynamics during storm events are currently unexplored. Here, we use high-resolution (daily) field data to measure and characterize coastal boulder transport before, during and after the extreme Northeast Atlantic extra-tropical cyclone Johanna in March 2008. Forty-eight limestone fine-medium boulders (n = 46) and coarse cobbles (n = 2) were tracked daily over a 0.1 km 2 intertidal area during this multi-day storm. Boulders were repeatedly entrained, transported and deposited, and in some cases broken down (n = 1) or quarried (n = 3), during the most intense days of the storm. Eighty-one percent (n = 39) of boulders were located at both the start and end of the storm. Of these, 92% were entrained where entrainment patterns were closely aligned to wave parameters. These data firmly demonstrate rock coasts are dynamic and vulnerable under storm conditions. No statistically significant relationship was found between boulder size (mass) and net transport distance. Graphical analyses suggest that boulder size limits the maximum longshore transport distance but that for the majority of boulders lying under this threshold, other factors influence transport distance. Paired analysis of 20 similar sized and shaped boulders in different morphogenic zones demonstrates that geomorphological control affects entrainment and transport distance -where net transport distances were up to 39 times less where geomorphological control was greatest. These results have important implications for understanding and for accurately measuring and modelling boulder entrainment and transport. Coastal managers require these data for assessing erosion risk.

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Section: Geomorphological Control On Boulder Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geomorphological control on boulder transport and coastal erosion before, during and after an extreme extra‐tropical cyclone

Naylor

Stephenson

Smith

et al. 2016

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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“…Although cliff‐top boulder research has been mainly conducted based on field surveys, the hydraulic force necessary to transport boulder onto a cliff‐top can be examined with theoretical or numerical modelling, and by conducting laboratory experiments (e.g., Noormets et al, ; Hansom et al, ; Kogure and Matsuoka, ; Rovere et al, ; Herterich et al, ). For the calculation of cliff‐top deposition from either the cliff edge or the cliff base, the vertical boulder transport motion must be solved because the vertical acceleration (leading to vertical wave force) becomes significant in these locations (Noormets et al, ). Although some formulations which can solve boulder motion have been proposed (e.g., Noji et al, ; Nott, , ; Imamura et al, ; Nandasena et al, ; Nandasena and Tanaka, ), none of these models have considered the vertical motion of water rushing up the cliff face.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling boulder transport by coastal waves on cliff topography: Case study at Hachijo Island, Japan

Watanabe

Goto

Imamura

et al. 2019

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Clifftop coastal boulders transported by storm waves or tsunamis have been reported around the world. Although numerical calculation of boulder transport is a strong tool for the identification of tsunami or storm boulders, and for estimation of the wave size emplacing boulders, models which can reasonably solve boulder transport from below a cliff or from a cliff‐edge onto a cliff‐top do not yet exist. In this study, we developed a new numerical formulation for cliff‐top deposition of boulders from the cliff edge or below the cliff, with validation from laboratory tests. We then applied the model using storm and tsunami wave forcing to simulate the observed boulder deposits at the northwest coast of Hachijo Island, Japan. Using the model, the actual distribution of boulders was explained well using a reasonable storm wave height without assumption of anomalously high‐water level by storm surge. Results show that boulder transport from the cliff edge or under the cliff onto the cliff‐top was possible from a tsunami with periods of 5~10 min or storm waves with no storm surge. However, the actual distribution of boulders on the cliff was explained only by storm waves, but not by tsunami. Therefore, the boulders distributed at this site are likely of storm wave origin. Our developed model for the boulder transport calculation can be useful for identifying a boulder's origin and can reasonably calculate cliff‐top deposition of boulders by tsunami and storm waves. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…Rahiman, et al, 2007) or intertidal platform (e.g. Jones and Hunter, 1992;Young et al, 1996;Nott, 1997;Noormets et al, 2004;Scheffers, 2004;Scicchitano et al, 2007). Notched cliffs can also collapse due by waves, distinct from gravity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Threshold height of coastal cliffs for collapse due to tsunami: Theoretical analysis of the coral limestone cliffs of the Ryukyu Islands, Japan

Kogure¹,

Matsukura²

2012

Marine Geology

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Sedimentology of rocky shorelines: 3.

Cited by 24 publications

References 40 publications

Geomorphological control on boulder transport and coastal erosion before, during and after an extreme extra‐tropical cyclone

Geomorphological control on boulder transport and coastal erosion before, during and after an extreme extra‐tropical cyclone

Modeling boulder transport by coastal waves on cliff topography: Case study at Hachijo Island, Japan

Threshold height of coastal cliffs for collapse due to tsunami: Theoretical analysis of the coral limestone cliffs of the Ryukyu Islands, Japan

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