Sedimentology of the Neoproterozoic (c. 580Ma) Squantum ‘Tillite’, Boston Basin, USA: Mass flow deposition in a deep-water arc basin lacking direct glacial influence

Carto, Shannon L.; Eyles, Nicholas

doi:10.1016/j.sedgeo.2012.03.011

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…, 2016, 2017; the Blaini Formation diamictite of India, Dey et al. , 2020; the Squantum Tillite of the Boston Basin, Carto & Eyles, 2012; the Namibian Damara Sequence, Nascimento et al. , 2016, and various diamictite deposits of Brazil, Freitas et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thin‐bedded to laminated debrite facies with restricted clast size range are the product of low volume sediment gravity flows reworked downslope from nearby debrite slopes (‘gravity winnowing’; Fig. 9C; Postma, 1984; Carto & Eyles, 2012). Of especial significance are thin debrite horizons with outsized clasts up to boulder grade (regarded as ice‐rafted by Busfield & Le Heron, 2016, fig.…”

Section: Lithofacies Descriptions and Originsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Syn‐rift mass flow generated ‘tectonofacies’ and ‘tectonosequences’ of the Kingston Peak Formation, Death Valley, California, and their bearing on supposed Neoproterozoic panglacial climates

Kennedy

Eyles

2020

Sedimentology

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The Kingston Peak Formation of the Pahrump Group in the Death Valley region of the Basin and Range Province, USA, is the thick (over 3 km) mixed siliciclastic-carbonate fill of a long-lived structurally-complex Neoproterozoic rift basin and is recognized by some as a key 'climatostratigraphic' succession recording panglacial Snowball Earth events. A facies analysis of the Kingston Peak Formation shows it to be largely composed of 'tectonofacies' which are subaqueous mass flow deposits recording cannibalization of older Pahrump carbonate strata exposed by local faulting. Facies include siltstone, sandstone and conglomerate turbidites, carbonate megabreccias (olistoliths) and related breccias, and interbedded debrites. Secondary facies are thin carbonates and pillowed basalts. Four distinct associations of tectonofacies ('base-of-scarp'; FA1, 'mid-slope'; FA2, 'base-of-slope'; FA3, and a 'carbonate margin' association; FA4) reflect the initiation and progradation of deep water clastic wedges at the foot of fault scarps. 'Tectonosequences' record episodes of fault reactivation resulting in substantial increases in accommodation space and water depths, the collapse of fault scarps and consequent downslope mass flow events. Carbonates of FA4 record the cessation of tectonic activity and resulting sediment starvation ending the growth of clastic wedges. Tectonosequences are nested within regionally-extensive tectonostratigraphic units of earlier workers that are hundreds to thousands of metres in thickness, recording the long-term evolution of the rifted Laurentian continental margin during the protracted breakup of Rodinia. Debrite facies of the Kingston Peak Formation are classically described as ice-contact glacial deposits recording globally-correlative panglacials but they result from partial to complete subaqueous mixing of fault-generated coarse-grained debris and fine-grained distal sediment on a slope conditioned by tectonic activity. The sedimentology (tectonofacies) and stratigraphy (tectonosequences) of the Kingston Peak Formation reflect a fundamental control on local sedimentation in the basin by faulting and likely earthquake activity, not by any global glacial climate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lithofacies Descriptions and Originsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Syn‐rift mass flow generated ‘tectonofacies’ and ‘tectonosequences’ of the Kingston Peak Formation, Death Valley, California, and their bearing on supposed Neoproterozoic panglacial climates

Kennedy

Eyles

2020

Sedimentology

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“…The glacial interpretations of other low‐latitude diamictite‐bearing formations associated with the Gaskiers glaciation have also been called into question (e.g. Direen & Jago, ; Hoffman et al ., ; Carto & Eyles, ). Most authors place the Gaskiers event at around 580 Ma (Bowring et al ., ; Hoffman & Li, ; Li et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussion and Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentology, depositional environments and significance of an Ediacaran salt‐withdrawal minibasin, Billy Springs Formation, Flinders Ranges, South Australia

Counts

Amos

2016

Sedimentology

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Publishing in a subscription based journal Accepted (peer-reviewed) VersionThe accepted version of an article is the version that incorporates all amendments made during the peer review process, but prior to the final published version (the Version of Record, which includes; copy and stylistic edits, online and print formatting, citation and other linking, deposit in abstracting and indexing services, and the addition of bibliographic and other material.Self-archiving of the accepted version is subject to an embargo period of 12-24 months. The embargo period is 12 months for scientific, technical, and medical (STM) journals and 24 months for social science and humanities (SSH) journals following publication of the final article.• the author's personal website • the author's company/institutional repository or archive • not for profit subject-based repositories such as PubMed Central Articles may be deposited into repositories on acceptance, but access to the article is subject to the embargo period. The version posted may not be updated or replaced with the final published version (the Version of Record). Authors may transmit, print and share copies of the accepted version with colleagues, provided that there is no systematic distribution, e.g. a posting on a listserve, network or automated delivery.There is no obligation upon authors to remove preprints posted to not for profit preprint servers prior to submission. June 2017This is an Accepted Article that has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication in the Sedimentology, but has yet to undergo copy-editing and proof correction. Please cite this article as an "Accepted Article"; doi: 10.1111/sed.12250 ABSTRACT (A)The late Ediacaran Billy Springs Formation is a little-studied, mudstone-dominated unit deposited in the Adelaide Rift Complex of South Australia. Sediments are exposed in an approximately 11 km x 15 km wide synclinal structure interpreted as a salt-withdrawal minibasin. The stratigraphic succession is characterized by convolute-laminated slump This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. deposits, rhythmically-laminated silty mudstones, rare diamictites and fining-upward turbidite lithofacies. Lithofacies are the product of deposition in a deepwater slope or shelf setting, representing one of the few such examples preserved within the larger basin.Although exact correlations with other formations are unclear, the Billy Springs Formation probably represents the distal portion of a highstand systems tract, and is overlain by coarser sediments of the upper Pound Subgroup. Diamictite intervals are interpreted to be the product of mass flow processes originating from nearby emergent diapirs, in contrast to previous studies that suggest a glacial origin for extrabasinal clasts. Within the spectrum of outcropping minibasins around the world, the sediments described here are unique in their dominantly fine-grained nature and overall lithological homogeneity. Exposures such as these provide an opportunity to better understand the sedime...

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“…The Squantum Member is an unstratified, poorly sorted, matrix‐supported diamictite, but initial reports of striated clasts (Sayles, ) that provided evidence for its glacial origin have never been observed by subsequent observers. Since this time, researchers have variously interpreted the deposit as representing evidence of a global glaciation event (Gaskiers); a glaciomarine setting with abundant meltwater or a depositional environment free from any glacial influence at all (Carto & Eyles, , and references therein). In this most recent contribution on the Squantum Member, Carto & Eyles () provide detailed sedimentology and stratigraphy of the Squantum Member and concluded that deposition occurred by deep marine sediment gravity flows.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…B). Foreland basin systems form by flexural warping of the lithosphere that generates a downwarp proximal to the orogen, the foreland basin, and a low‐amplitude, long‐wavelength upwarp, the peripheral bulge (Catuneanu et al ., ; Carto & Eyles, ). As indicated in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating mid‐Ediacaran glaciation and final Gondwana amalgamation using coupled sedimentology and ⁴⁰Ar/ ³⁹Ar detrital muscovite provenance from the Paraguay Belt, Brazil

et al. 2014

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Understanding the evolution of the northern Paraguay Belt, Brazil, is critical in two current controversies: (i) the number, timing and significance of Ediacaran glaciations; and (ii) the timing of amalgamation of South American Gondwana. The Neoproterozoic Alto Paraguay Group forms much of the northern Paraguay Belt. The Serra Azul Formation, within this Group, contains unequivocal evidence for a glacial influence on sedimentation, including multi‐directional striations on sandstone clasts and striated, polished and bullet‐shaped mudstone clasts. However, the age of the Serra Azul Formation is not well‐constrained. The northern Paraguay Belt also formed after the traditionally accepted time for amalgamation of South American Gondwana. If the orogen represents closure of an ocean, then this traditional view is incorrect. A significant number of single grain 40Ar/39Ar detrital muscovite cooling ages (ca 120) from the Alto Paraguay Group are presented. The three youngest grains from the Serra Azul Formation yield a weighted mean age of 640 ± 15 Myr, providing a robust maximum depositional age for this formation. This age, when considered with other data, suggests that the Serra Azul Formation developed in a mid‐Ediacaran glaciation consistent with that expressed in the Gaskiers Formation of Newfoundland, Canada. Cryogenian 40Ar/39Ar detrital muscovite ages from the Alto Paraguay Group are hard to reconcile with the known geology of Amazonia and are interpreted as being sourced from the evolving orogen to the east – from an arc terrane, possibly the Goiás–Paranapanema Massif. Detrital muscovites in the upper part of the Alto Paraguay Group are as young as 544 ± 7 Myr, consistent with mounting evidence that indicates a Cambrian age for orogenesis within the Paraguay Belt during the final amalgamation of Gondwana. This article suggests that the data best support a model where ocean closure in the region continued until Ediacaran/Cambrian times, with final ocean closure represented by orogenesis in the Paraguay–Araguaia orogen.

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Sedimentology of the Neoproterozoic (c. 580Ma) Squantum ‘Tillite’, Boston Basin, USA: Mass flow deposition in a deep-water arc basin lacking direct glacial influence

Cited by 12 publications

References 59 publications

Syn‐rift mass flow generated ‘tectonofacies’ and ‘tectonosequences’ of the Kingston Peak Formation, Death Valley, California, and their bearing on supposed Neoproterozoic panglacial climates

Syn‐rift mass flow generated ‘tectonofacies’ and ‘tectonosequences’ of the Kingston Peak Formation, Death Valley, California, and their bearing on supposed Neoproterozoic panglacial climates

Sedimentology, depositional environments and significance of an Ediacaran salt‐withdrawal minibasin, Billy Springs Formation, Flinders Ranges, South Australia

Investigating mid‐Ediacaran glaciation and final Gondwana amalgamation using coupled sedimentology and ⁴⁰Ar/ ³⁹Ar detrital muscovite provenance from the Paraguay Belt, Brazil

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Sedimentology of the Neoproterozoic (c. 580Ma) Squantum ‘Tillite’, Boston Basin, USA: Mass flow deposition in a deep-water arc basin lacking direct glacial influence

Cited by 12 publications

References 59 publications

Syn‐rift mass flow generated ‘tectonofacies’ and ‘tectonosequences’ of the Kingston Peak Formation, Death Valley, California, and their bearing on supposed Neoproterozoic panglacial climates

Syn‐rift mass flow generated ‘tectonofacies’ and ‘tectonosequences’ of the Kingston Peak Formation, Death Valley, California, and their bearing on supposed Neoproterozoic panglacial climates

Sedimentology, depositional environments and significance of an Ediacaran salt‐withdrawal minibasin, Billy Springs Formation, Flinders Ranges, South Australia

Investigating mid‐Ediacaran glaciation and final Gondwana amalgamation using coupled sedimentology and 40Ar/ 39Ar detrital muscovite provenance from the Paraguay Belt, Brazil

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Investigating mid‐Ediacaran glaciation and final Gondwana amalgamation using coupled sedimentology and ⁴⁰Ar/ ³⁹Ar detrital muscovite provenance from the Paraguay Belt, Brazil