Seed Banks in Arable Land

Cavers, Paul B.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-440405-2.50019-1

Cited by 127 publications

(98 citation statements)

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“…Germination of many seeds is enhanced by soil disturbance (Cavers and Benoit 1989), likely due to seed exposure to light, improved soil aeration, increased loss of volatile inhibitors from soil, and movement of seeds to more favorable germination sites (Egley 1986). However, germination of some seeds is not promoted by soil disturbance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of tillage system on yield and weed populations of soybean ( Glycin Max L.)

Hosseini

Firouzi

Aminpanah

et al. 2016

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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Field experiment was conducted at Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Golestan Province, Iran, to determine the effects of tillage system and weed management regime on yield and weed populations in soybean (Glycin max L.). The experimental design was a split plot where the whole plot portion was a randomized complete block with three replicates. Main plots were tillage system: 1-Notill row crop seeding, 2-No-till seed drilling, 3-Tillage with disc harrow and drill planting, 4-Tillage with chisel packer and drill planting. The subplots were weed management regimes: 1-Weed control with herbicide application, 2-Hand weeding, 3-Herbicide application plus hand weeding, and 4-Non-weeding. Results indicated that the main effects of tillage system and weed management regime were signifi cant for seed yield, pod number per plant, seed number per pod, weed density and biomass, while their interaction were signifi cant only for weed density, weed biomass, and seed number per pod. The highest grain yields (3838 kg ha ).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of tillage system on yield and weed populations of soybean ( Glycin Max L.)

Hosseini

Firouzi

Aminpanah

et al. 2016

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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“…This could be the result of a reduced survival of buried seeds in the soil or a reduced seed rain owing to a species-poor vegetation, both of which could be either directly or indirectly influenced by enhanced soil nutrient availability derived from former intensive agricultural exploitation. For example, the presence of nitrate ions is known to stimulate germination in several plant species (Cavers & Benoit 1989;Pons 1989Pons , 1991Pons , 1992Karssen & Hilhorst 1992) and this may be a factor causing depletion of the seed bank under intensive management. Also, differences in temperature, light and/or moisture content of the soil, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil nutrient input effects on seed longevity: a burial experiment with fen‐meadow species

et al. 1998

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Summary 1.Effects of high nutrient input on the longevity and viability of buried seed are examined. Seeds of 17 fen-meadow species were buried in nylon mesh bags at four sites in the Netherlands and one site in Great Britain in plots to which N, P, K fertilizers are applied. Prior to burial germination tests were conducted on the seeds of each species. This paper describes the results of the viability tests on the seeds that were exhumed after one and 2 years of burial. 2. The percentage of seeds that germinated after 1 year of burial was significantly lower than the pre-burial percentage for the majority of the species. After 2 years of burial the germination percentage further decreased. A few species, such as the Carex species, did, however, show an increase in germination percentage indicating that the burial conditions allowed dormancy controls to be broken. 3. Differences in the edaphic conditions between the sites appeared to affect germination percentages after 1 year of burial. A difference in germination response between sites was observed for Carex acutiformis, Filipendula ulmaria and Lychnis flos-cuculi. 4. A significantly higher germination percentage was found at the Great Britain site for F. ulmaria in the phosphate treatment compared with the potassium treatment and the control after 1 year of burial. In contrast to many literature assessments no significant effects of fertilizer application was found after 2 years. 5. For all sites, except one in the Netherlands, the total number of seeds that germinated was lower in 1996 than in 1995.

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“…Le taux d'humidité dans le sol a une influence majeure sur l'ampleur et la nature de la levée des mauvaises herbes (Cavers et Benoit 1989). Ainsi, les fluctuations du taux d'humidité dans le sol avec des cycles d'hydratation et de déshydratation favorisent une germination plus importante (Egley 1986a).…”

Section: Humiditéunclassified

Facteurs impliqués dans la levée des mauvaises herbes au champ

Leblanc¹,

Cloutier²,

Leroux³

et al. 2005

phyto

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La levée des mauvaises herbes au champ est le résultat du bris de la dormance des graines, de leur germination et de la croissance du germe jusqu'à la surface du sol. Une revue de ces conditions et des facteurs qui les influencent fait l'objet de cette étude. Des levées importantes à certaines périodes de Tannée démontrent que les graines enfouies dans le sol sont, au cours de ces périodes, dans un état physiologique favorable à leur germination. Cependant, les semences ne sont pas toujours aptes à germer et passent par des états d'inhibition: dormance ou quiescence. Plusieurs facteurs environnementaux et souvent une combinaison de ceux-ci peuvent déclencher la germination. Les trois principaux facteurs qui ont été identifiés comme ayant des répercussions majeures sur la germination des graines sont la température, l'humidité et la lumière. Comme la levée est issue de la germination, il est souvent difficile de dissocier les facteurs qui régissent chacune d'elles. En effet, dès que la graine a germé, le processus de levée débute. La levée est aussi affectée par les conditions environnant la croissance du germe, et ce, jusqu'à ce qu'il atteigne la surface du sol. En climat tempéré, au printemps, la levée est principalement modulée par la température, l'eau et l'état physique du sol. Le sol constitue une barrière physique que le germe doit franchir pour atteindre la surface du sol. La croûte qui se forme parfois à la surface du sol peut être aussi une entrave à la levée. L'état de dormance des graines et les conditions climatiques requises pour la germination et la levée diffèrent d'une espèce à l'autre, compliquant ainsi les généralisations qui pourraient être faites du patron d'émergence des mauvaises herbes dans un champ.Weed emergence in the field results from breaking of seed dormancy, seed germination and growth of the seedling to the soil surface. This work reviews the factors that affect these mechanisms. Flushes of weed emergence during certain time periods demonstrate that buried seeds are in a physiological state favorable to germination. However, seeds are not always able to germinate as they may be dormant or quiescent. Several environmental factors or their combination can initiate germination. The three main factors that have been identified as being the most important for seed germination are temperature, moisture, and light. Since emergence is closely tied to germination, it is often difficult to separate the factors affecting each process. Weed emergence is initiated as soon as the seed germinates. Emergence is also influenced by factors affecting seedling growth until it reaches the soil surface. In temperate regions, in the spring, weed emergence is mainly affected by temperature, water and soil physical state. In order to reach the soil surface, the weed seedling must pass through a soil layer which constitutes a physical barrier. Soil crust can also be an obstacle to weed emergence. Seed dormancy and the environmental conditions required for germination and growth vary from species to specie...

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Seed Banks in Arable Land

Cited by 127 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of tillage system on yield and weed populations of soybean ( Glycin Max L.)

Effect of tillage system on yield and weed populations of soybean ( Glycin Max L.)

Soil nutrient input effects on seed longevity: a burial experiment with fen‐meadow species

Facteurs impliqués dans la levée des mauvaises herbes au champ

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