Seed coat sculpture in Comanthera (Eriocaulaceae) and its implications on taxonomy and phylogenetics

Barreto, Leilane C.; Echternacht, Lívia; Garcia, Queila Souza

doi:10.1007/s00606-013-0808-8

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This has been long pointed out in studies that aimed at the species conservation (Oliveira and Garcia 2005;Nunes et al 2008a), but no study has actually evaluated seed development in inflorescences throughout the harvest season. As the seeds of this species have dimensions that usually do not exceed 0.5 mm in length (Barreto et al 2013), anatomical analyses of inflorescences in each month of the harvest season constitute the adequate approach for assessing such issue and demonstrate in which period are the seeds present and completely formed. This information is of paramount importance to the formulation of public policies and management practices to prevent intense collection in such periods that threaten the species perpetuation in the wild.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harvest times of Comanthera elegans, a worldwide traded Brazilian species of everlasting flower: implications on seed production, germination, and on species management

et al. 2015

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Comanthera elegans (Bong.) L.R. Parra & Giul (''sempre-viva-pé-de-ouro'') is one of the most economically important species among the Eriocaulaceae in Brazil. Its inflorescences are used to make handicrafts and have long been exported to all over the world. The collection period usually begins in the second half of April and extends to May, occasionally until the first half of June. We assessed seed production and germinability throughout the 2006 harvest season: April-November, as well as the variation in morphology and anatomy of inflorescences along this period. In the evaluated flowering, seeds still had not yet been completely formed by early April, the onset month of commercial collection. Instead, germinable seeds were first observed in May, while seed dispersal was already in progress in early June. Collection in June resulted in plant uprooting, due to the tighter attachment of the scape to the rosette. The beginning and peak of germination occurred earlier for seeds from the most delayed collections, and the highest germinability was presented by seeds collected in September.We showed that the best period for the plant sexual reproduction surpasses the best period for commercial collection. Due to the onset of germinable seeds only as late as at the second half of the harvesting period, encouraging the delayed beginning of inflorescence collection may well represent a management strategy. Furthermore, the reservation of non-harvesting areas, which would secure the maintenance of plant populations in the wild and thus guarantee seed production and dispersal; maintaining remnants of inflorescences in collected areas; and encouraging cultivation should be considered.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harvest times of Comanthera elegans, a worldwide traded Brazilian species of everlasting flower: implications on seed production, germination, and on species management

et al. 2015

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“…Seeds of Eriocaulaceae species bear various characteristic ornamentations (sculpture) on the seed coat surface, and they have furnished information for the taxonomy of several genera (e.g. Giulietti et al 1988;Ansari & Balakrishnan 1994;Phillips 1994;Zhang 1999;Barreto et al 2013). Giulietti et al (1988) were the first to use SEM to observe the seed coat surface in Eriocaulaceae, and they described different patterns for 10 genera in the family (Blastocaulon Ruhland is now considered as a synonym of Paepalanthus Mart., and Philodice as a synonym of Syngonanthus).…”

Section: Morphological Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

A revision of the African genus Mesanthemum (Eriocaulaceae)

et al. 2019

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Mesanthemum is a genus comprising 16 species in the family Eriocaulaceae and is native to Africa and Madagascar. Eriocaulaceae are characterised by a basal tuft or rosette of narrow leaves and small flowers in heads. Mesanthemum can be recognised by diplostemonous flowers and fused glandular pistillate petals. While most Mesanthemum species are large perennial herbs, two small ephemeral species from West Africa, M. albidum and M. auratum differ from the rest of the genus by their shorter life cycle, smaller size, simpler floral structures and different seed surface patterning. A molecular phylogenetic study, morphological comparisons and scanning electron microscope (SEM) examination of seed coat sculpture were carried out to determine whether they should be separated as a new genus. The molecular results indicate that the two ephemeral species are nested in the Mesanthemum clade. However, they are not closely related to each other. All species of Mesanthemum are here revised, including the description of a new species M. alenicola from Equatorial Guinea. An identification key is provided, together with taxonomic descriptions, synonymy and notes. Images of the seeds as seen under SEM are provided where available. Lectotypifications are provided for Mesanthemum albidum, M. bennae, M. pilosum, M. prescottianum, M. pubescens and M. variabile. A neotype is selected for M. rutenbergianum, which is synonymised with M. pubescens.Fig. 4. Maximum likelihood analysis based on concatenated alignment for four plastid regions (matK, rbcL, rpoB and rpoC1) and one nuclear region (PHYC). Bootstrap (BS) values are shown.

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“…En otras Eriocaulaceae, cuyas semillas también son pequeñas, igual que en Comanthera, el levantamiento de caracteres de la cubierta seminal, a través del microscopio electrónico de barrido (SEM), ha demostrado ser útil en la identificación de las especies (Nair, 1987;Zona et al, 2012;Barreto, Echternacht, & García, 2013).…”

Section: Discusión Las Características De Las Semillas Deunclassified

“…Comanthera de C. subg. Thysanocephalus (Barreto, Echternacht, & García, 2013). Los datos embriológicos y de desarrollo de semillas no permiten diferenciar entre los géneros (Ramaswamy, Arekal, & Raju, 1983;Scatena & Bouman, 2001;Coan et al, 2010), pero la ornamentación de la cubierta seminal es específica (Coan et al, 2010).…”

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Seed morphology and post-seminal development in species of Comanthera (Eriocaulaceae)

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Escobar

Scatena

2015

RBT

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Seed morphology and post-seminal development in species of Comanthera (Eriocaulaceae). Comanthera brasiliana, C. magnifica and C. suberosa (Eriocaulaceae) are included in the Brazilian list of endangered species, due to intensive harvest and micro-endemism. These species form the clade of Comanthera magnifica, along with C. brunnea and C. linearis. Germination, seed morphology and post-seminal development were studied aiming to characterize all five species and to provide information for their conservation. Seeds were collected in "campos rupestres" of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Seed morphology was examined using scanning electron microscope. For germination tests, mature seeds were placed in Petri dishes lined with filter paper dampened with distilled water at 25 °C and fluorescent light; four repetitions with 15 seeds were performed for each species. For the anatomical analysis of post-seminal development, seedlings at different developmental stages were included in historesin, cut with a rotatory microtome and examined under a light microscope. The structure of the seed coat and the shape and size of the seeds were characteristics that allowed species differentiation, and based on the seeds morphological characteristics, an identification key is provided. The seed germination was high (> 90 %) and fast (< 7 days). Germination occured through the axis protrusion of the embryo. Approximately four days after germination, the first leaf develops and is followed by the adventitious roots. After 10-15 days, the second leaf and the new adventitious roots develop. In field conditions, the studied species occur in quartzite soils and their small seeds (dust-like type) germinate faster than the other Eriocaulaceae species (from mesic soils). These results provide reliable information that may contribute to the species management and conservation. Rev. Biol. Trop. 63 (4): 1127-1135. Epub 2015 December 01.

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Seed coat sculpture in Comanthera (Eriocaulaceae) and its implications on taxonomy and phylogenetics

Cited by 22 publications

References 38 publications

Harvest times of Comanthera elegans, a worldwide traded Brazilian species of everlasting flower: implications on seed production, germination, and on species management

Harvest times of Comanthera elegans, a worldwide traded Brazilian species of everlasting flower: implications on seed production, germination, and on species management

A revision of the African genus Mesanthemum (Eriocaulaceae)

Seed morphology and post-seminal development in species of Comanthera (Eriocaulaceae)

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