Seed dormancy and control of germination in <i>Sisymbrella dentata</i> (L.) O.E. Schulz (Brassicaceae)

Puglia, G.; Carta, Angelino; Bizzoca, R.; Toorop, Peter E.; Spampinato, Giovanni; Raccuia, S.A.

doi:10.1111/plb.12862

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The timing of germination is crucial for survival because it determines the immediate environmental conditions that the seedling will face (Gremer et al, 2020). As such, germination triggered by environmental cues, particularly temperature and precipitation, ensures that seedlings emerge in the appropriate season and under favourable conditions (Fernández‐Pascual et al, 2021; Finch‐Savage & Leubner‐Metzger, 2006; Puglia et al, 2018). Ultimately, the proportion of seeds that survive to germinate and establish determines the fitness of the parents (Campbell et al, 2017; Erb, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of warming temperatures on germination responses and trade‐offs between seed traits in an alpine plant

et al. 2022

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1. Climate warming may affect multiple aspects of plant life history, including important factors such as germination responses and the key trade-off between offspring size and number. As a case study to address these concepts, we used an alpine plant (waxy bluebell, Wahlenbergia ceracea; Campanulaceae) that shows plasticity to warming in seed traits and in which seed dormancy status regulates germination. We chose an alpine species because alpine environments are ecosystems particularly under threat by climate change.2. We conducted germination assays under cool and warm temperatures using seeds produced by individuals that were grown under historical (cooler) and future (warmer) temperature scenarios. We assessed the presence of a seed size versus number trade-off, and then examined the effects of seed number and size on germination percentage, the fractions of dormant and viable seeds, and germination velocity. Further, we examined whether warming during parental growth and during germination affected these relationships.3. We found evidence for a seed size versus number trade-off only under historical parental temperatures. Indeed, under future growth temperatures parental plants produced fewer and smaller seeds and there was no evidence of a tradeoff. However, the reductions in both seed traits under warming did not affect germination, despite correlations of seed size and number with germination traits. Warming increased germination, particularly of larger seeds, but overall, it resulted in more than fourfold reductions in parental fitness. Synthesis.Our study shows the importance of growth conditions when evaluating the seed size versus number trade-off. Stressful conditions, such as warmer temperatures, can restrain the ability of plants to reach optimal investment in reproduction, masking the trade-off. By analysing responses across the whole life cycle, we show here an overall detrimental effect of warming, highlighting the potential risk of climate change for Wahlenbergia ceracea, and, potentially, for alpine plant communities more widely.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of warming temperatures on germination responses and trade‐offs between seed traits in an alpine plant

et al. 2022

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“…However, successful large-scale ecosystem restoration may entail direct seeding or seedling planting [141][142][143][144]. Seed germination and seedling growth are dependent on several factors such as water and nutrient availability, temperature, pH, salt concentration and species competition [145,146]. While in agricultural systems several factors can be controlled (e.g., through irrigation, crop selection, tillage, fertilisers), these elements can be difficult to manage in natural ecosystem restoration.…”

Section: Challenges and Opportunities In The Application Of Cyanobacteria For Salt-affected Soils Restorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyanobacteria as a Nature-Based Biotechnological Tool for Restoring Salt-Affected Soils

et al. 2020

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Soil salinization poses an important threat to terrestrial ecosystems and is expected to increase as a consequence of climate change and anthropogenic pressures. Conventional methods such as salt-leaching or application of soil amendments, or nature-based solutions (NBSs) such as phytoremediation, have been widely adopted with contrasting results. The use of cyanobacteria for improving soil conditions has emerged as a novel biotechnological tool for ecosystem restoration due to the unique features of these organisms, e.g., ability to fix carbon and nitrogen and promote soil stabilisation. Cyanobacteria distribute over a wide range of salt concentrations and several species can adapt to fluctuating salinity conditions. Their application in agricultural saline soil remediation has been demonstrated, mostly in laboratory studies, but there is a lack of research regarding their use in natural ecosystems restoration. In this article, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on cyanobacteria in the context of ecosystem restoration. Examples of the application of cyanobacteria in alleviating salt-stress in plants and soils are presented. Furthermore, we acknowledge gaps regarding the extensive application of cyanobacteria in salt-affected soils remediation and discuss the challenges of NBSs in salt-affected soils restoration.

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“…To time germination with favorable conditions, germination cues may evolve such that seeds respond to partially or wholly reliable cues signaling favorable conditions for germination and establishment (e.g., plasticity; Cohen, 1967, Donohue et al, 2010, Bonamour et al, 2019; Gremer et al, 2016; Gremer, 2023). Precipitation and temperature are critical cues for germination (Probert, 2000; Finch-Savage and Leubner-Metzger, 2006; Burghardt et al, 2015; Barga et al, 2017; Puglia et al, 2018), in particular, the timing of precipitation and how it interacts with temperature associated with rain events (Went, 1949; Levine et al, 2008; Kimball et al, 2010; Walck et al, 2011; Mayfield et al, 2014; Huang et al, 2016). For example, a global-scale meta-analysis of 661 alpine species revealed their strong propensity to germinate in response to warm, wet conditions (Fernández-Pascual et al, 2021), which signal the onset of the summer growing season.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germination responses to changing rainfall timing reveal potential climate vulnerability in a clade of wildflowers

Worthy

Miller

Ashlock

et al. 2023

Preprint

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1. The timing of germination, driven by seasonal cues, is critical for the life cycle of plants. Variation among species in germination responses can reflect evolutionary processes and adaptation to local climate and can reveal vulnerability to changing conditions. Climate change is altering the timing of precipitation and associated temperatures, which may interact with germination cueing to affect the timing, quantity, and speed of germination. Germination responses to climate change can then have consequences for individual fitness, population dynamics, and species distributions. 2. Here we assessed responses to the timing of germination-triggering rains and corresponding temperatures for 11 species across the Streptanthus (s.l.) clade of Brassicaceae. To do so, we experimentally manipulated the onset date of rainfall events and measured effects on germination fraction and rate. We also evaluated how responses varied with phylogeny. We then explored the possible consequences of these responses to contemporary shifts in precipitation timing. 3. Later onset rains and cooler temperatures significantly decreased germination rates for all species. Germination fractions decreased with later rains and cooler temperatures for all species except three Caulanthus species. We found that six species are likely already experiencing significant decreases in germination fractions and/or germination rates with observed climate change, which has shifted the timing of rainfall towards the cooler, winter months in California. Species germination responses to the timing of rainfall and seasonal temperatures were phylogenetically constrained, with Caulanthus species appearing less sensitive. 4. Synthesis. Across the Streptanthus clade, later onset of seasonal rains during cooler temperatures decreases germination fractions and rates. Contemporary shifts toward later rainfall offset the effects of ongoing climate warming and may already be negatively affecting germination in several species. Species germination responses may have evolved along the phylogeny, with Caulanthus species, from drier and more variable climates, found to be less sensitive to the timing of rainfall events or their associated temperatures than species from wetter, less variable environments.

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Seed dormancy and control of germination in Sisymbrella dentata (L.) O.E. Schulz (Brassicaceae)

Cited by 9 publications

References 39 publications

Effects of warming temperatures on germination responses and trade‐offs between seed traits in an alpine plant

Effects of warming temperatures on germination responses and trade‐offs between seed traits in an alpine plant

Cyanobacteria as a Nature-Based Biotechnological Tool for Restoring Salt-Affected Soils

Germination responses to changing rainfall timing reveal potential climate vulnerability in a clade of wildflowers

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