Seed dormancy and germination phenology of grass weeds and implications for their control in cereals

Kon, K. F.; Follas, G.; James, David E.

doi:10.30843/nzpp.2007.60.4597

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The germination of seeds collected only from the poor-soil habitat was affected by light and temperature. The results obtained for the seeds collected from the less fertile habitat are consistent with those reported in earlier studies in which the germination capacity of P. arundinacea reached a level of 80% at a temperature of 20°C under a variable photoperiod (12 h light / 12 h darkness) [18]. In turn, Lindig-Cisneros and Zedler [19] reported higher germination capacity of seeds of this species in the dark and assumed that light might be a germinationinhibiting factor.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Impact of habitat conditions on the biological traits of the reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.)

2015

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The aim of the study was to examine the morphology, and selected aspects of biology (seed germination capacity, biomass productivity) of reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) growing in two locations with different soil conditions near Wrocław. Habitat 1 was characterized by low to moderate contents of nutrients, slightly acidic pH, and low organic matter content in the soil, whereas habitat 2 had soil richer in nutrients, a neutral pH, and higher organic matter content. During the growing period, phytosociological relevés were taken and biometric measurements were performed. In controlled conditions, the germination rate and biomass productivity were estimated in the initial growth stage. The soil conditions that were more favorable for P. arundinacea growth (neutral pH, higher content of organic matter and nutrients) promoted its dominance, and substantially limited the occurrence of other taxa. The floristic composition in the less fertile habitat was considerably richer and the abundance of P. arundinacea was much lower in it, compared with the other location. Phalaris arundinacea plants growing on the nutrient-richer soil were higher and had longer leaf blades and panicles with a greater number of spikelets per panicle than specimens growing on the poorer soil. Seeds collected from plants growing on the more fertile soil exhibited greater germination capacity than seeds from plants originating from the poorer habitat. However, there were no differences in the quantity of biomass produced in the controlled conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Impact of habitat conditions on the biological traits of the reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.)

2015

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“…The latter strategy maximizes the possibility of finishing the species reproductive cycle whereas the former optimizes the likeliness of escaping early weed control operations. This is consistent with field observations with herbicide applications (Kon et al 2007;Scursoni et al 2007).…”

Section: Life-trait Effectsupporting

confidence: 91%

Sensitivity of weed emergence and dynamics to life-traits of annual spring-emerging weeds in contrasting cropping systems, using weed beet (Beta vulgarisssp.vulgaris) as an example

et al. 2011

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Cropping systems contain a diverse multi-species weed flora including several species that cross-breed with and/or descend from crops, including weed beet (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris). The effects of cropping systems on this weed flora are complex because of their large range of variation and their numerous interactions with climate and soil conditions. In order to study and quantify the long-term effects of cropping system components (crop succession and cultural techniques) on weed population dynamics, a biophysical process-based model called GENESYS-Beet has previously been developed for weed beet. In the present paper, the model was modified to remove the crop-weed connection and employed to identify and rank the weed life-traits as a function of their effect on weed emergence timing and density as well as on weed densities at plant, adult and seed bank stages, using a global sensitivity analysis to model parameters. A similar method has already been used with the complete GENESYS-Beet model (i.e. including the crop-weed connection) based on Monte Carlo simulations with simultaneous randomization of all life-trait parameters and run in three cropping systems differing in their risk of infestation by weed beet. Simulated weed emergence timing and density, as well as surviving plant, adult and seed bank densities, were then analysed with regression models as a function of model parameters to rank life-cycle processes and related life-traits and quantify their effects. The comparison of the present, crop-independent results to those of the previous, crop-dependent study showed that the crop-relative weed beet can be considered as a typical crop-independent spring weed as long as no traits conferring a selective advantage are inherited and in rotations where crops favouring weed emergence and reproduction are frequent. In such rotations, advice for controlling the crop-relative and the crop-independent weed is more or less identical. The rarer these favourable crops, the more important pre-emergence processes become for the crop-independent weed; management advice should thus focus more on seed bank survival and seedling emergence. For the crop-relative, post-emergence processes become dominant because of the increasing necessity for a new population founding event; management advice should mostly concern the avoidance of crop bolters. In both studies, the key parameters were more or less the same, i.e. those determining the timing and success of growth, development, seed maturation and the physiological end of seed production. Timing parameters were usually more important than success parameters, showing for instance that optimal timing of weed management operations is often more important than its exact efficacy. Comparison with previous sensitivity analyses carried out for autumn-emerging weed species showed that some of the present conclusions are probably specific to spring-emerging weed species only. For autumn-emerging species, pre-emergence traits would be more important. In the rotations with frequent f...

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“…Seeds of plants must be exposed to high temperatures in the summer months (Baskin and Baskin, 1998). In Phalaris arundinacea better germination was observed in 16 hours of lighting (Lindig-Cisneros and Zedler, 2001), but in another study it has been reported that the best temperature was 20° C as well as light regime of 12 h in dark conditions (Kon et al, 2007). The germination and maturity responses to latitude, elevation, soil moisture, soil nutrients, temperature and vegetation density of habitat destruction are different (Baskin and Baskin, 1998).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of the environmental characters on germination properties of seeds of Thymus daenensis and T.vulgaris

Yadegari

2018

J AGR SCI BELGRADE

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This research was conducted to investigate the effects of salinity, temperature, pH and sowing depth on germination characters of two species of thyme in 2017. Two separate experiments with four replications using a randomized complete design were conducted in laboratory conditions. Treatments contained: a) fluctuating temperatures in a germinator 5/15, 10/20, 15/25, 15/30 and 20/35 0 C (day/night), b) concentrations of salinity by using solutions of 0, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 mM NaCl, c) sowing depths of 0, 1.5, 3 and 6 cm, pH values of 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9. Results showed that the effects of different treatments were significant on germination percentage, germination rate and seed vigour. In most cases, upper concentrations of treatments had negative effects on germination indices. The emergence decreased with an increased concentration of salinity, planting depth and pH. In both species, the highest germination percentage (94%) was obtained in the combination treatment of 15/25 0 C (day/night), 0 mM of NaCl, 1 cm of planting depth and pH=7. Germination was stopped in the combination of treatments of 35/20 (day/night), 320mM of NaCl, 6 cm of planting depth and pH=9. The combination of treatments in the upper level had a more inhibitory and destructive effect than single treatments.Odsek za agronomiju i lekovite biljke, Poljoprivredni fakultet, Ogranak Shahrekord, Islamski univerzitet Azad, Shahrekord, Iran R e z i m e Ovo istraživanje je sprovedeno radi ispitivanja uticaja saliniteta, temperature, pH i dubine setve na karakteristike klijavosti dve vrste majčine dušice 2017. godine. Tretmani su sadržavali: a) promenljive temperature u klijalištu 5/15, 10/20, 15/25, 15/30 i 20/35 0C (dan/noć), b) različite koncentracije rastvora soli 0, 10, 20 , 40, 80, 160 i 320 mM NaCl, c) dubinu setve od 0, 1,5, 3 i 6 cm, pH vrednosti od 5, 6, 7, 8 i 9. Rezultati su pokazali da su efekti različitih tretmana bili značajni na procenat klijavosti, stopu klijavosti i vigor semena. U većini slučajeva, najveće koncentracije svih tretmana su imale negativan efekat na karakteristike klijavosti. Klijavost se smanjivala sa povećanom koncentracijom soli, dubinom setve i pH vrednosti. Kod obe vrste, najveći procenat klijavosti (94%) postignut je kombinovanim tretmanom 15/25 0 C (dan/noć), 0 mM NaCl, 1 cm dubine setve i pH=7. Klijanje je zaustavljeno u kombinaciji tretmana 35/20 (dan/noć), 320 mM NaCl, 6 cm dubine setve i pH=9. Pomenuta kombinacija tretmana imala je jači inhibitorni i destruktivni efekat od pojedinačnih tretmana.

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Seed dormancy and germination phenology of grass weeds and implications for their control in cereals

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

Impact of habitat conditions on the biological traits of the reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.)

Impact of habitat conditions on the biological traits of the reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.)

Sensitivity of weed emergence and dynamics to life-traits of annual spring-emerging weeds in contrasting cropping systems, using weed beet (Beta vulgarisssp.vulgaris) as an example

Effects of the environmental characters on germination properties of seeds of Thymus daenensis and T.vulgaris

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