Seed Germination and Physiological Behavior of Maize (cv. Nac-6002) Seedlings under Abiotic Stress (Pendimethalin) Condition

Rajashekar, N.; Prakasha,; Murthy, T. C. Shivashankara

doi:10.3923/ajcs.2012.80.85

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…(Ahamadi et al, 2007) concluded that compared to osmopriming, hydropriming clearly improved the vigour index. The current results are similar with the results were obtained by (Jayadeva et al, 2004, Nethra and Jagannath, 2011and Rajashekar et al, 2012 who reported the toxicity of oxadiargyl in transplanted rice with field testing experiments, and effect of herbicide oxadiargyl and pendimethalin on maize respectively.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Similarly, miserable plumule and radicle length of few crops by a few herbicides were reported by (Beuerlein, 1990, Grichar et al, 2001, Lyon and Wilson 2005and Soltani et al, 2008. Our results also draw a parallel with the earlier results of (kumar and Jagannath, 2013, Nethra and Jagannath, 2011and Rajashekar et al, 2012 who reported the toxicity of butachlor, oxadiargyl and pendimethalin on wheat, corn and maize respectively. (Rad and Jagannath, 2011) also reported that the herbicide imazethapyr significantly reduced the length of plumule and radicle, vigour index and tolerance index of chickpea as the concentration of the herbicide increased.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…(Delving and Cunningham, 1970) have reported that undesirable effect of alachlor and propachlor herbicides which considerably reduced the germination of barley by intrusive the metabolic a c t i v i t i e s r e l a t e d t o g e r m i n a t i o n a s p e c t s . Correspondingly (Rajashekar et al, 2012;Schultz and Nehru et al, 1999) observed the adverse effect of herbicide pendimethalin and trifluralin on seed germination and early growth in maize, corn and mungbean respectively. Our results are in line with the earlier results of (Nethra andRajashekar et al, 2012) who reported the effect of herbicide oxadiargyl and pendimethalin on maize.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Correspondingly (Rajashekar et al, 2012;Schultz and Nehru et al, 1999) observed the adverse effect of herbicide pendimethalin and trifluralin on seed germination and early growth in maize, corn and mungbean respectively. Our results are in line with the earlier results of (Nethra andRajashekar et al, 2012) who reported the effect of herbicide oxadiargyl and pendimethalin on maize. The results obtained in the current investigation indicate that the seed germination was adversely affected by alachlor which in turn indicates that the recruitment of seed reserve was found to be impaired.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seed Germination and Morphological Behavior of Maize (NAC-6002, NAC-6004 and NAH- 2049) Seedlings under Abiotic Stress (Alachlor) Condition

K¹,

Jagannath²

2015

Int J Life Sci

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Article InformationHerbicides are the most flourishing weed control knowledge eternally developed. To appraise the possessions of herbicides on maize, a study was carried out to evaluate the effect of alachlor on different maize cultivars on germination and early growth parameters. The studies were carried out in hydroponic conditions supplemented with different concentrations (1.0, 2.5 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 ppm) of alachlor. All the three cultivars of maize were found to be significantly affected with increasing herbicide concentration. Percent germination, vigour index, tolerance index, fresh and dry weight, plumule and radicle length were found to be decreased as the herbicide concentration increased, however the dry weight increased slightly at higher concentration when compared to other concentrations. The percent toxicity increased as the concentration of herbicide increased. The current study clearly implies that higher concentration of alachlor is toxic to maize, resulted in a decline in seed germination and early growth parameters.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seed Germination and Morphological Behavior of Maize (NAC-6002, NAC-6004 and NAH- 2049) Seedlings under Abiotic Stress (Alachlor) Condition

K¹,

Jagannath²

2015

Int J Life Sci

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“…Application of 1 kg ha -1 metribuzin, 3 L ha -1 butachlor and 20 g ha -1 chlorimuron-ethyl to Triticum aestivum and Zea mays seedlings resulted in decrease of shoot fresh weight [41]. Pendimethalin at 0.5-10 ppm reduced the germination percentage of Zea mays [64], while isoproturon at 2.5 kg ha -1 significantly reduced the fresh and dry weight of shoot and root of Zea mays seedlings [65]. Fresh weight of Oryza sativa shoot and root was reduced by the application of acetachlor at 3.2 µmol L -1 and bensulfuron-methyl at 0.96 µmol L -1 [66].…”

Section: Growth and Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of Plant Growth Regulators in Mitigation of Herbicidal Stress

Varshney¹,

Khan²

2015

Zhu et al., J Plant Biochem Physiol

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Weeds contribute to severe loss of agricultural crop productivity. Herbicides are efficient, cheap and effective method for their control, but their multiple uses at higher concentration have resulted in induced toxicity and stress in non-target crops. The herbicideinduced toxicity affects growth, photosynthesis, physiological and biochemical characteristics of plants directly impacting yield of plants. It is therefore, necessary to find ways to mitigate the herbicidal effects by increasing the tolerance of crops to their application. Plant growth regulators are known to promote growth and development of plants under optimal and stressful environment. They induce various physiological and biochemical responses and also confer tolerance of plants to abiotic stresses. The present review covers the aspects of herbicidal response of plants and evaluates the contribution of plant growth regulators in mitigating herbicidal stress effects and increasing the tolerance of plants. Further, future research in this direction to enhance our understanding on the relation between plant growth regulators and herbicides to improve tolerance of crop plants is discussed. The study suggests the use of plant growth regulators as a tool in mitigating effects of herbicidal stress together with improved growth and development. [29]. The decrease in photosynthetic characteristics with herbicides might have involved its effects on chlorophyll biosynthetic pathway and enzymes of carbon assimilation. The details on the key points in the biosynthetic pathway of photosynthetic pigments and activity of carbon assimilation enzymes are still lacking and needs attention. Chlorophyll fluorescence is a simple and widely used method to study the mechanism of photosynthesis and is used as marker to detect stress in plants. The herbicides application may block photosynthesis related intermediate metabolites and affect fluorescence emission. The herbicides that inhibit glutamine synthase, protoporphyrinogen oxidase and carotenoid biosynthesis affect chlorophyll fluorescence [30], and even lipid synthesis inhibitor herbicides induce chlorophyll fluorescence. Application of 1.96 kg ha -1 Terbutryn to Vicia faba plants strongly decreased F v /F m ratio and CO 2 assimilation capacity [31]. Recently, Sousa et al. [32] have shown that application of imidazolinone group of herbicides to Oryza sativa changed the photosynthetic metabolism of plants and chlorophyll a fluorescence. Contribution of Plant Growth Regulators in Mitigation of Herbicidal Stress OsmolytesThe production of osmolytes is an adaptation against stress in plants [33]. These osmolytes include polyols (sugars, fructans, mannitol, pinitol and inositol), amino acids and their derivatives (proline, isoleucine, valine, betaine, glycinebetaine). Proline is widely studied osmolyte that acts as a cellular protector in several plant species by scavenging ROS produced in response to abiotic stress [34][35][36]. It provides resistance against stress either by uniting oxygen and free radicals g...

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Interaction of almond cystatin with pesticides: Structural and functional analysis

Siddiqui

Khaki

Bano

2016

J of Molecular Recognition

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Pesticides are chemical substances that eliminate or control a variety of agricultural pests that damage crops and livestock. They not only affect the targeted pests but also affect the nontargeted systems, raising more concerns for their effect on both plant and animal systems. Cystatins (cysteine protease inhibitor) are ubiquitously present in all living cells and show a variety of important physiological functions. The present study shows the effect of different pesticides (pendimethalin, methoxyfenozide, and Cu hydroxide) on purified almond cystatin. Almond cystatin showed concentration-dependent loss in papain inhibitory activity on interaction with the pesticides, showing maximum loss in the presence of Cu(II) hydroxide and minimum in the case of methoxyfenozide. Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed maximum degradation of purified cystatin in the presence of Cu(II) hydroxide with insignificant effect in the presence of methoxyfenozide. Structural alterations were significant in the case of Cu(II) hydroxide and less in the case of methoxyfenozide as revealed by UV and fluorescence spectral studies. Secondary structural alterations were further conformed by circular dichroism and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The α-helix content of almond cystatin decreases from 35.64% (native) to 34.83%, 30.79%, and 29.62% for methoxyfenozide-, pendimethalin-, and Cu(II) hydroxide-treated cystatin, respectively. A Fourier transform infrared study shows an amide I band shift for almond cystatin from 1649.15 ± 0.5 to 1646.48 ± 0.6, 1640.44 ± 0.6, and 1635.11 ± 0.3 cm for methoxyfenozide, pendimethalin, and Cu(II) hydroxide, respectively. Values obtained for different thermodynamic parameters (ΔH , ΔG , N, and ΔS ) by isothermal titration calorimetric experiments reveal maximum binding of almond cystatin with Cu(II) hydroxide followed by pendimethalin and little interaction with methoxyfenozide.

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Seed Germination and Physiological Behavior of Maize (cv. Nac-6002) Seedlings under Abiotic Stress (Pendimethalin) Condition

Cited by 21 publications

References 5 publications

Seed Germination and Morphological Behavior of Maize (NAC-6002, NAC-6004 and NAH- 2049) Seedlings under Abiotic Stress (Alachlor) Condition

Seed Germination and Morphological Behavior of Maize (NAC-6002, NAC-6004 and NAH- 2049) Seedlings under Abiotic Stress (Alachlor) Condition

Contribution of Plant Growth Regulators in Mitigation of Herbicidal Stress

Interaction of almond cystatin with pesticides: Structural and functional analysis

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