Seed morphology of <i>Cuscuta</i> L. (Convolvulaceae) in Egypt and its systematic significance

Khalik, Kadry N. Abdel

doi:10.1002/fedr.200511100

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The seed characters used to construct a key to species are shape, seed ornamentation, anticlinal boundaries and epidermal cell shape (Gunn 1969; Rao and Leela 1993; Abdel Khalik and Osman 2007). Seed morphology of Cuscuta and Ipomoea were studied by several researchers (Rao and Leela 1993; Abdel Khalik 2006; Hamed 2005; Abdel Khalik and Osman 2007). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-morphological study of Evolvulus spp. (Convolvulaceae): the old world medicinal plants

et al. 2016

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BackgroundSeveral medicinal properties have been reported for plants in the genus Evolvulus, such as a brain tonic and antifungal from Evolvulus alsinoides, and a sedative and an anthelmintic from Evolvulus nummularius. Therefore, the correct identification of the source plants is critically important. The aim of this research was to investigate the micromorphology of two Evolvulus taxa used for herbal medicines compared with one worldwide ornamental species by using peeling, paraffin embedding, acetolysis, and SEM methods in order to support species identification.ResultsOur findings indicate that all taxa share several common features, such as a single layer of epidermis on both sides of leaf surfaces, sinuous anticlinal epidermal cell walls, anomocytic, paracytic or laterocytic stomata, and capitate glandular trichomes. Y-shaped hairs were found in two species but not in E. nummularius. Similarly, isobilateral mesophyll occurs in both E. alsinoides and Evolvulus glomeratus, but a dorsiventral mesophyll is present in E. nummularius. Stems consist of a single layer of epidermis, one to four chlorenchyma layers, one to seven layers of cortical cells and a bicollateral bundle with pith in the center. The seed coat epidermal cell shapes were irregular or polygonal with raised and undulated anticlinal boundaries, and folded or flattened to concave periclinal walls. Pollens of all taxa are monads, spheroidally shaped with 28–47 µm diameter, and 15-pantocolpate apertures type with microechinate ornamentation.ConclusionsAn identification key to species is constructed based on leaf anatomy and seed coat characters. This data can be used in other subjects such as pharmaceutical botany, organic chemistry, taxonomy and horticulture, in terms of species identification.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-morphological study of Evolvulus spp. (Convolvulaceae): the old world medicinal plants

et al. 2016

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“…These differences in reproductive traits such as the number of styles, shape of stigma and IFS and ornamentation of testa were consistently observed in all samples collected from different sites and individuals each species. Seed characteristics have been used for distinguishing various subgenera and sections of Cuscuta [7,37]. In this study, seed shape and testa ornamentation clearly separated C. japonica and C. chinensis .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Cuscuta Species Identification Based on the Morphology of Reproductive Organs and Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequences

Park

Song

Yang

et al. 2019

IJMS

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The genus Cuscuta (Convolvulaceae) comprises well-known parasitic plants. Cuscuta species are scientifically valuable, as their life style causes extensive crop damage. Furthermore, dried seeds of C. chinensis are used as a Korean traditional herbal medicine. Despite the importance of Cuscuta species, it is difficult to distinguish these plants by the naked eye. Moreover, plastid sequence information available for Cuscuta species is limited. In this study, we distinguished between C. chinensis and C. japonica using morphological characterisation of reproductive organs and molecular characterisation of chloroplast genomes. The differences in morphological characteristics of reproductive organs such as style, stigma, infrastaminal scale, seed shape and testa ornamentation were useful for distinguishing between C. japonica and C. chinensis. Analysis of chloroplast genomes revealed drastic differences in chloroplast genome length and gene order between the two species. Although both species showed numerous gene losses and genomic rearrangements, chloroplast genomes showed highly similar structure within subgenera. Phylogenetic analysis of Cuscuta chloroplast genomes revealed paraphyletic groups within subgenera Monogynella and Grammica, which is consistent with the APG IV system of classification. Our results provide useful information for the taxonomic, phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis of Cuscuta and accurate identification of herbal medicine.

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“…[ 36 37 42 ] Seed surface study through SEM is used in resolving problems of plant systematics and phylogenetic relationships. [ 38 39 40 ] Despite the fact that medicinal plants play an important role in the pharmaceutical sector and health care, there has been little research on seed identification. Seed morphology is important in theoretical botany and can be utilized for seed identification, quarantine, forensics, seed dispersal and soil seed bank research, and macrofossil identification in archaeobotanical studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implication of Scanning Electron Microscopy and Light Microscopy for Morphology of Some Selected Seed Drugs

Uza¹,

Munir²,

Khan³

et al. 2023

Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure

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Background: The goal of our current study is to use Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy (LM) to evaluate the ultra-micromorphological properties of 14 seed drugs to correctly identify and validate them. There was no previous research on SEM-based evaluation of the selected seeds. These included: Solanum nigrum L., Physalis peruviana L., Cestrum diurrnum L., Withania somnifera L. Dunal, Achyranthus aspera L., Celosia argentia L., Chenopodium murale L., Cyperus alternifolius L., Cyperus rotundus L., Schoenoplectus litoralis (Schrad.) Palla, Oxalis corniculata L., Catharanthus roseus L., Canna indica L., and Parthenium hysterophorus L. belonging to 7 families ( Solanaceae , Amaranthaceae , Cyperaceae , Oxalidaceae , Apocynaceae , Cannaceae , and Asteraceae ). Methods: Quantitative characters (length, width, and weight of seeds) as well as qualitative characters (seed shape, color, texture, and surface level of seeds) were analyzed. Results: Seeds length ranged from 0.6 μm ( C. indica ) to 2.4 μm ( A. aspera ) while, the seeds width and weight ranged from 0.6 μm ( C. indica ) to 1.8 μm ( W. somnifera ) and 0.03 g ( C. indica ) to 3.7 g ( C. argentia ), respectively. The SEM revealed many types of surface texture. Five types of surface levels (raised, regular, smooth, rough, and ill-defined pattern) were observed in seeds. The variation was found to be quite significant for the taxonomic demarcation at generic and specific levels. Conclusions: SEM could be a valuable approach for hidden morphological features of seed drugs, which could aid further exploration, appropriate identification, seed taxonomy, and authenticity. SEM and LM also play an important role in drug discovery and development.

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Seed morphology of Cuscuta L. (Convolvulaceae) in Egypt and its systematic significance

Cited by 18 publications

References 10 publications

Micro-morphological study of Evolvulus spp. (Convolvulaceae): the old world medicinal plants

Micro-morphological study of Evolvulus spp. (Convolvulaceae): the old world medicinal plants

Cuscuta Species Identification Based on the Morphology of Reproductive Organs and Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequences

Implication of Scanning Electron Microscopy and Light Microscopy for Morphology of Some Selected Seed Drugs

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