Seed mycoflora of malting varieties and lines of spring barley in localities Kroměříž and Žabčice.

Šafránková, Ivana; Marková, Jaroslava; Kmoch, Martin

doi:10.18832/kp2010019

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…during the 2018 and 2019 harvests are in line with previous studies [55][56][57]. Our findings about the mycoflora spectrum of malting barley and the corresponding malt in Germany are similar to those reported by other authors regarding barley cultivars in the Czech Republic [58], Slovak Republic [57], Romania [32], Lithuania [18] and Africa [59] (with the application of traditional microbiological methods).…”

Section: Mycological Status-agar Plate Methodssupporting

confidence: 92%

Screening of Mycotoxigenic Fungi in Barley and Barley Malt (Hordeum vulgare L.) Using Real-Time PCR—A Comparison between Molecular Diagnostic and Culture Technique

Bretträger

Becker

Gastl

2022

Foods

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Filamentous fungi have a crucial impact on the food safety and technological quality of malting barley. Commonly used techniques for the detection of seed-borne fungi are based on cultivation and identification by morphological criteria. In contrast, this study established a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay based on SYBR green technology for the detection and quantification of black fungal species (Alternaria spp., Epicoccum nigrum, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Penicillium verrucosum and Aspergillus niger) on brewing barley and compares it with the traditional cultivation technique and visual assessment. To screen the fungal spectrum over different barley varieties and harvest years, naturally infected samples of malting barley and corresponding malts (Hordeum vulgare L.) were analyzed over four consecutive years (2018–2021), grown under different climatic conditions in Germany. Alternaria and Cladosporium spp. DNA were present in all examined barley samples, even without visible contamination. In contrast, detection via culture-based methods does not reliably cover all species. Molecular analysis showed that there was less fungal biomass after malting, by 58.57% in the case of A. alternata, by 28.27% for Cladosporium spp. and by 12.79% for Epicoccum nigrum. Correlation analysis showed no causal relationship between fungal DNA and the number of black kernels. The qPCR provides a highly sensitive and time-saving screening method for detecting latent fungal infections in brewing grains to identify batches that are potentially highly contaminated with toxigenic fungi.

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Section: Mycological Status-agar Plate Methodssupporting

confidence: 92%

Screening of Mycotoxigenic Fungi in Barley and Barley Malt (Hordeum vulgare L.) Using Real-Time PCR—A Comparison between Molecular Diagnostic and Culture Technique

Bretträger

Becker

Gastl

2022

Foods

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“…Ingle, 1990 [68], studied the transmission and control of pearl millet seed-borne fungi and reported that seed samples collected from a farmer's field were more discoursed which was attributed to frequent rains during the seed development stages, high seed moisture content and a prolonged storage period deteriorating the seed quality. The quality of the seeds at the time of sowing depends on the quality of the seeds that entered storage and how well they were stored [69][70][71]. Seeds quality does not improve in storage, so inferior seeds in the store will finally end up as inferior seeds at sowing, no matter how much care is taken during storage [38,72,73].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Storage Conditions Deteriorate Cotton and Wheat Seeds Quality: An Assessment of Farmers’ Awareness in Pakistan

et al. 2020

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Seed quality is accessed by appropriate seed germination, seed moisture contents, insect/pathogen infestations and seed vigor. Seed storage conditions are essential to protect from deterioration. In this study, knowledge and practices of wheat and cotton seeds storage were accessed among commercial seed growers (CSGs) and non-commercial seeds growers (NCSGs) in the Vehari District of Pakistan, while samples of stored wheat and cotton seeds were also collected to assess the quality of stored seeds. Stored seeds in the study area were contaminated by a variety of fungi, with infestation percentages reaching 13% for wheat and 20.7% for cotton in seeds from NCSGs, compared to 9% (wheat) and 9.5% (cotton) in seeds from CSGs. The majority of seed growers (75.0%) did not have any training on seed storage. The growers (60.9%) were unaware that seed should not be stored in closed polythene bags and most (62.2%) were not well aware about seed-borne crop diseases. Most growers did not maintain the temperature and humidity of storage rooms (82.7%) and did not calculate the seed rate before sowing after seed germination tests (87.2%). However, seed dressing with fungicides was implemented by most farmers (69.9%). Controlling the temperature of the seed storage was significantly influenced by growers’ age, while controlling the humidity of the seed storage was significantly influenced by growers’ farming experience. Seed dressing with fungicides was positively associated with the graduation level of growers, while checking seed maturity was positively associated with the higher education (Master’s level) of growers. There was a lack of active information centers in the study areas and a lack of agricultural information provision to farmers. Awareness regarding bad-quality seeds should be initiated to increase growers’ knowledge. Training programs for providing adequate knowledge to growers and skills in seed storage should be organized. Legislation regarding the seed business and seed storage protective measures should be enforced to minimize problems by a seed-borne inoculum and deterioration of seed quality.

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“…In contrast, the fungicide may act as a stress factor for F. culmorum or F. graminearum, resulting in higher toxin production [57]. It should be noted that both F. culmorum and F. graminearum have been detected in fungicide-treated harvested barley [58]. HT-2 levels were reduced by solubilisation in the steeping water during the malting process.…”

Section: Mycotoxinsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Understanding How Chemical Pollutants Arise and Evolve in the Beer Brewing Process: A Scoping Review

Pérez-Lucas,

Navarro,

Navarro

2024

Preprint

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In this study, a critical review was carried out using the Web of ScienceTM Core Collection database to analyse the scientific literature published to date to identify lines of research and future perspectives on the presence of chemical pollutants in beer brewing. Beer is one of the world's most popular drinks and the most consumed alcoholic beverage. However, a widespread challenge with potential implications for human and animal health is the presence of physical, chemical and/or microbiological contaminants in beer. Biogenic amines, heavy metals, mycotoxins, nitrosamines, pesticides, acrylamide, phthalates, bisphenols, microplastics and, to a lesser extent, hydrocarbons (aliphatic chlorinated and polycyclic aromatic), carbonyls, furan-derivatives, polychlorinated biphenyls and trihalomethanes are the main chemical pollutants found during the beer brewing process. Pollution sources include raw materials, technological process steps, the brewery environment and packaging materials. Different chemical pollutants have been found during the beer brewing process, from barley to beer. Brewing steps such as steeping, kilning, mashing, boiling, fermentation and clarification are critical in reducing the levels of many of these pollutants. As a result, their residual levels are usually below the maximum levels allowed by international regulations.

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Seed mycoflora of malting varieties and lines of spring barley in localities Kroměříž and Žabčice.

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Screening of Mycotoxigenic Fungi in Barley and Barley Malt (Hordeum vulgare L.) Using Real-Time PCR—A Comparison between Molecular Diagnostic and Culture Technique

Screening of Mycotoxigenic Fungi in Barley and Barley Malt (Hordeum vulgare L.) Using Real-Time PCR—A Comparison between Molecular Diagnostic and Culture Technique

Storage Conditions Deteriorate Cotton and Wheat Seeds Quality: An Assessment of Farmers’ Awareness in Pakistan

Understanding How Chemical Pollutants Arise and Evolve in the Beer Brewing Process: A Scoping Review

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