Seed Polysaccharides, New Sources of Seed Mucilages

Tookey, H. L.; Lohmar, R. L.; Wolff, I. A.; Jones, Quentin

doi:10.1021/jf60120a014

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…A galactomannan was previously isolated in 15.8% yield (of the seed mass) from seeds of this species and had a galactose:mannose ratio of 1:1.33 [9]. However, its structure was not investigated in detail.…”

Section: Seeds Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The natural distribution area of this plant covers the European part of Russia and the Caucases [2]. The aerial part of A. cicer contains pinitol [3], astraciceran [4], kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside-7-O-rhamnoside, isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside, apigenin 7-O-apioglucoside [5], acicerone [6], mucronulactone, cajanine, maackianine [7], and canavanine [8].A galactomannan was previously isolated in 15.8% yield (of the seed mass) from seeds of this species and had a galactose:mannose ratio of 1:1.33 [9]. However, its structure was not investigated in detail.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Fabaceae Polysaccharides. III. Galactomannan from Astragalus cicer seeds

Оленников

Рохин

2010

Chem Nat Compd

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Seeds ofAstragalus cicer L. (Fabaceae) afforded a galactomannan (5.90% yield of seed mass) of molecular weight 1064 kDa, solutions of which had high viscosity [K] 925.5 mL/g and optical activity [D] D +71.9°. The galactomannan consisted of galactose and mannose units in a 1:1.39 ratio. Physicochemical methods established that the main chain of the polysaccharide consisted of 1,4-E-D-mannopyranose units substituted at 72% of the C-6 positions by single D-D-galactopyranose units. The content of variously substituted galactose mannobiose units Man-Man, (Gal)Man-Man/Man-Man(Gal) and (Gal)Man-Man(Gal) in the galactomannan were 18.7, 19.8, and 61.5%, respectively. In continuation of research on polysaccharides of plants from the family Fabaceae [1], we used Astragalus cicer L. [A. mucronatum DC., Cystium cicer (L.) Stev.] as raw material. The natural distribution area of this plant covers the European part of Russia and the Caucases [2]. The aerial part of A. cicer contains pinitol [3], astraciceran [4], kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside-7-O-rhamnoside, isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside, apigenin 7-O-apioglucoside [5], acicerone [6], mucronulactone, cajanine, maackianine [7], and canavanine [8].A galactomannan was previously isolated in 15.8% yield (of the seed mass) from seeds of this species and had a galactose:mannose ratio of 1:1.33 [9]. However, its structure was not investigated in detail. The goal of our work was to isolate and characterize structurally galactomannan from A. cicer seeds.A complex of water-soluble polysaccharides was isolated in 11.8% yield (of the seed mass) from A. cicer seeds. Precipitation by Fehling solution produced a polysaccharide fraction ACGm (5.9% yield of seed mass) that was a white fibrous powder and gave a viscous solution upon dissolution. Hydrolysis of ACGm produced galactose and mannose in a 1:1.39 ratio. The principal physicochemical properties of ACGm were [D] D +71.9° (c 0.5, H 2 O), [K] 925.5 mL/g (c 0.5, H 2 O), molecular weight 1064 kDa. The IR spectrum of ACGm was similar to that of galactomanans [10]. All previously established parameters enabled us to assign the isolated polysaccharide to this class of biopolymers.Periodate oxidation of ACGm consumed 1.42 mol of NaIO 4 per anhydro unit and released 0.41 mol of HCOOH. The Smith degradation products were glyerine and erythritol in a 1:1.35 ratio. These results were consistent with (1o4)-and (1o6)-type polysaccharide bonds in the studied polysaccharide.Next galactomannan ACGm was methylated by the Ciucanu-Kerek method. The resulting permethylate was subjected to formolysis and hydrolysis. The hydrolysate contained 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-Me-Galp, 2,3-di-O-Me-Manp, and 2,3,6-tri-O-MeManp in a 2.58:2.56:1 ratio. These results indicated that the main chain of ACGm consisted of mannnopyranose units with (1o4)-bonds that were substituted at the C-6 position by galactopyranose units.The configurations of galactose and mannose were determined after CrO 3 oxidation of the acetylated galactomannan and subsequent hydrolysis of the oxidation products. The o...

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Section: Seeds Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabaceae Polysaccharides. III. Galactomannan from Astragalus cicer seeds

Оленников

Рохин

2010

Chem Nat Compd

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“…Pers., but they also occur in seeds of other plants families (Tookey et al 1962;Dea and Morrison 1975;Guzmán and Hernandez 1982;Buckeridge and Dietrich 1996;Buckeridge et al 2000b). S. virgata (published by our group under the synonym of Sesbania marginata Benth.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of abscisic acid on galactomannan degradation and endo-β-mannanase activity in seeds of Sesbania virgata (Cav.) Pers. (Leguminosae)

Tonini

Lisboa

Freschi

et al. 2006

Trees

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Seeds of Sesbania virgata (Cav.) Pers. (Leguminosae) have an endosperm which accumulates galactomannan as a storage polysaccharide in the cell walls. After germination, it is hydrolysed by three enzymes: α-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.22), endo-β-mannanase (EC 3.2.1.78) and β-mannosidase (EC 3.2.1.25). This work aimed at studying the effect of abscisic acid (ABA) on galactomannan degradation during and after germination. Seeds were imbibed in water or in 10 −4 M ABA, and used to evaluate the effect of exogenous and endogenous ABA. Tissue printing was used to follow biochemical events by detecting and localising endo-β-mannanase in different tissues of the seed. The presence of exogenous ABA provoked a delay in the cellular disassembly of the endosperm and disappearance of endo-β-mannanase in the tissue. This led to a delay in galactomannan degradation. The testa (seed coat) of S. virgata contains endogenous ABA, which decreases ca. fourfold during storage mobilisation after germination, permitting the galactomannan degradation in the endosperm. Furthermore, endo-β-mannanase was immunolocalised in the testa, which has a living cell layer. The ABA appears to modulate storage mobilisation in the legume seed of S. virgata, and a cause-effect relationship between Communicated by U. Lüttge ABA (probably through testa) and activities of hydrolases is proposed.

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“…The seeds of many legumes are known to accumulate galactomannan in their endospermic cell walls, but they also occur in seeds of species of other plants families such as Annonaceae and Convolvulaceae (Tookey et al 1962;Dea and Morrison 1975;Guzmán and Hernandez 1982;Buckeridge and Dietrich 1996;Buckeridge et al 2000b). Sesbania virgata Cav.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testa is involved in the control of storage mobilisation in seeds of Sesbania virgata (Cav.) Pers., a tropical legume tree from of the Atlantic Forest

Tonini

Lisboa

Silva

et al. 2006

Trees

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Seeds of Sesbania virgata (Cav.) Pers. (Leguminosae) contain galactomannan as a cell wall storage polysaccharide in the endosperm. After germination, it is hydrolysed by three enzymes: α-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.22), endo-β-mannanase (EC 3.2.1.78) and β-mannosidase (EC 3.2.1.25). This work aimed at studying the role of the testa (seed coat) on galactomannan degradation during and after germination. Seeds were imbibed in water, with and without the testa, and used to evaluate the effect of this tissue on storage mobilisation, as well as its possible role in the galactomannan hydrolases activities. Immunocytochemistry and immunodotblots were used to follow biochemical events by detecting and localising endo-β-mannanase in different tissues of the seed. Endo-β-mannanase and α-galactosidase activities were found in the testa and latter in the endosperm during galactomannan degradation. The former enzyme was immunologically detected in the testa, mainly during germination. The absence of the testa during imbibition led to the anticipation of protein mobilisation and increased of the α-galactosidase activity and galactomannan degradation. Thus, the testa appears to play a role during storage mobilisation in the legume seed of S. virgata probably by participating in the control of the production, modification and/or storage of the hydrolases.

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Seed Polysaccharides, New Sources of Seed Mucilages

Cited by 25 publications

References 2 publications

Fabaceae Polysaccharides. III. Galactomannan from Astragalus cicer seeds

Fabaceae Polysaccharides. III. Galactomannan from Astragalus cicer seeds

Effect of abscisic acid on galactomannan degradation and endo-β-mannanase activity in seeds of Sesbania virgata (Cav.) Pers. (Leguminosae)

Testa is involved in the control of storage mobilisation in seeds of Sesbania virgata (Cav.) Pers., a tropical legume tree from of the Atlantic Forest

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