Seed Quality and Seedling Growth of Iles-Iles (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) from Different Growing Media

Abstract

Penyediaan benih iles-iles pada saat ini umumnya berasal dari panen di hutan-hutan. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi kualitas benih dan pertumbuhan bibit iles-iles yang dihasilkan dari bunga alami dan hasil induksi gibberellin dan asal media tumbuh berbeda dengan tujuan mencari teknologi produksi benih yang terbaik. Penelitian dilakukan di lapang Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo, IPB Bogor pada bulan Agustus 2015April 2017. Benih dari enam cara budi daya dibandingkan, yakni benih yang berasal dari umbi pembungaan alami yang ditanam pada media tanah, tanah+arang sekam, tanah+pupuk kandang, dan benih dari umbi pembungaan yang diinduksi gibberellin (1.000, 1.500, dan 2.000 ppm) ditanam pada media tanah. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa warna, ukuran buah, ukuran biji, dan daya kecambah benih tidak dipengaruhi oleh asal biji dari bunga alami atau induksi gibberelin dan jenis media. Daya berkecambah sebesar >90% dan tidak ditemukan adanya kecambah abnormal. Vigor lapang terbaik yang ditunjukkan oleh kecepatan tumbuh sejak tanam hingga daun pertama mekar sempurna dihasilkan dari benih asal media campuran tanah+arang sekam. Benih asal media tanah+arang sekam dan tanah+pupuk kandang menghasilkan bibit dengan ukuran daun yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan asal media lain. Implikasinya, perlu pemberian arang sekam atau pupuk kandang pada media tumbuh budi daya benih untuk menghasilkan bibit iles-iles yang baik.

Diversity of morphological characters and seed growth of (Amorphaluus muelleri) plants based on sources of planting materials and growth media

“…The first was influenced by the size of the seeds, which was the smallest size of sources planting materials. The second reason was the poor porosity of the media caused by no addition of husk charcoal [13,14,15]. Planting media has a role in supplying water and food reserves stored in starch or commonly known as tubers in root crops.…”

“…Meanwhile, the growing media containing soil and chicken manure (1:1) lacked porosity and permeability for root and tuber development. Thus was reinforced at the time of harvesting tubers at the end of destructive observations, harvesting was done that the growing media of soil, manure, and husk charcoal were easier to harvest than media without husk charcoal [14,15].…”

“…The first was influenced by the size of the seeds, which was the smallest size of sources planting materials. The second reason was the poor porosity of the media caused by no addition of husk charcoal [13,14,15]. Tabel 6.The effect of the interaction of planting media with various planting materials on the number of shoots, plant heigh,t and tubers weight.…”

“…This was in accordance with the function of husk charcoal (biochar), as a soil enhancer and as a form of carbon sequestration (tethering). Empirical evidence has proven that biochar could increase fertility, aeration, porosity, and soil organic C [14,15].…”

Mathematical Model of Vegetative Growth of Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri) with Different Seed Quality

“…The infected seed has structural and fungal damage that decreases the weight volume and can affect the average weight data. Swallowed seeds can occur during depleted endosperm, rotten, and fungi attack the seed's embryo as a food source [22]. A decrease in nutritional quality refers to seed composition, such as amino acids, sugars, proteins, fatty acids, and secondary metabolites when infected seeds are present.…”