Seedling Growth and Storage Characteristics of Seeder and Resprouter Species of Mediterranean-type Ecosystems of S. W. Australia

Pate, John S.; Froend, Raymond H.; Bowen, Barbara J.; Hansen, Annette; Kuo, John S.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a087976

Cited by 221 publications

(196 citation statements)

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“…Seeder species of Erica generally have less starch stored in underground parts than resprouter species and this describes a pattern already highlighted in a number Table 5. of studies of diverse taxa from fire-prone Australian ecosystems (Pate et al, 1990(Pate et al, , 1991. Starch concentrations in above-ground parts collected in the current study proved to be variable and no significant differences were found between seeders and resprouters.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 52%

“…pez-Soria, 1998). Accordingly, resprouter species would be expected to have greater reserves of starch in underground parts than seeders and, indeed, a number of surveys on Australian woody taxa support this pattern (Pate et al, 1990 ;.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, xylem rays might be considered to be a specialized tissue for starch storage (Raven et al, 1992 ;Bowes, 1996). However, starch may also be detected in parenchymatic cells from other parts of the xylem, although generally in a lower quantity (Pate et al, 1990 ; ; but see also Pate et al, 1990 for some exceptions).…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Certainly, resprouter species of two epacrid species built up starch contents to very high levels from 4 to 7 years after germination . If this also applied to species of the related genus Erica, seedlings of resprouter forms would be expected to have a higher resource allocation to underground storage tissue and a more retarded growth (in terms of above-ground biomass accumulation) than seedlings of seeders (Pate et al, 1990) and would therefore have a higher demand for metabolic resources to maintain this underground storage tissue under stress situations (Taylor, 1989) such as summer soil moisture deficit. This would support the recent hypothesis by Ojeda (1998) in which it was assumed that seedlings of resprouter forms are more sensitive to mild summer drought than seedlings of seeder forms.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Underground starch storage in Erica species of the Cape Floristic Region – differences between seeders and resprouters

1999

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Concentrations of starch in roots of seeder species of Erica from the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa were found to be considerably less than in resprouters. Shoot starch was highly variable but mean values were similar in both seeder and resprouter species of Erica. Three distinct patterns of starch storage in roots were recognized. All seeder species fell within definitions of Categories 1 (narrow major and minor parenchymatous rays, one to two cells wide with no inter-ray storage) or 2 (thick major rays up to seven cells wide and thin minor rays with small amounts of inter-ray storage) whereas resprouter species were consistently within Categories 2 or 3 (broad major and minor rays, up to eight cells wide and conspicuous inter-ray starch storage). Results are discussed in light of similar studies of the related Epacridaceae. ' Mixed ' species (i.e. with seeder or resprouter individuals present, often in distinct populations) were always classified as belonging to Category 2. Studies of populations of three ' mixed ' species confirmed that seeder forms had consistently lower amounts of root starch than resprouters. Rays of xylem parenchyma were the main sites for starch storage in roots of both seeders and resprouters and greater proportions of cross-sectional area of roots were consistently devoted to such storage tissues in resprouter forms of the three ' mixed ' species. Analyses of a number of seeder and resprouter Erica coccinea populations showed that differences in amounts of realised and potential root starch storage are best explained by the effect of regeneration behaviour rather than by among-population variability.

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Section: mentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Underground starch storage in Erica species of the Cape Floristic Region – differences between seeders and resprouters

1999

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“…Such differences were qualitatively described in field studies for both juveniles from Australian Mediterranean-type ecosystems (Pate et al 1990) and adults of the Epacridaceae family (Bell et al 1996); in the latter case, the differences were related with climatic conditions. Our quantitative approach conducted in common garden rules out environmental heterogeneity as the driver for the differences in lateral spread between resprouting life histories.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Root traits explain different foraging strategies between resprouting life histories

Paula

Pausas

2010

Oecologia

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Drought and fire are prevalent disturbances in Mediterranean ecosystems. Plant species able to regrow after severe disturbances (i.e. resprouter life history) have higher allocation to roots and higher water potential during the dry season than coexisting non-resprouting species. However, seedlings of non-resprouters have higher survival rate after summer drought. We predict that, to counteract their shallow-rooting systems and to maximize seedling survival, non-resprouters have root traits that confer higher efficiency in soil resource acquisition than resprouters. We tested this prediction in seedlings of less than 1.5 months old. We select 13 coexisting woody species (including both resprouters and non-resprouters), grew them in common garden and measured the following root traits: length, surface, average diameter, root tissue density (RTD), specific root length (SRL), surface:volume ratio (SVR), specific tip density (STD), tip distribution in depth, internal links ratio (ILR) and degree of branching. These root traits were compared between the two resprouting life histories using both standard cross-species and phylogenetic-informed analysis. Non-resprouters showed higher SRL and longer, thinner and more branched laterals, especially in the upper soil layers. The abundance, total length, diameter and SVR of external links (i.e. the most absorptive root region) were also higher for non-resprouters. The results were supported by the phylogenetic-informed analysis for the root traits most strongly related to soil resource acquisition (SRL, SVR and branching pattern). The seedling root structure of non-resprouters species allows them to explore more efficiently the upper soil layer, whereas seedling roots of resprouters will permit both carbon storage and deep soil penetration.

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Underground carbohydrate stores and storage organs in fire‐maintained longleaf pine savannas in Florida, USA

Díaz‐Toribio

Putz

2021

American J of Botany

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Many perennial herbaceous plants develop underground storage organs (USOs) that store carbohydrates, water, and minerals. The resprouting ability of plants is influenced by the availability of these materials and by the type of underground organ and number of viable buds. In this study, we illustrate the diversity of longleaf pine savanna species and their nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) pools and concentrations. We also determined whether NSC concentrations by USO are good predictors of NSC pools in species with different types of underground structures. METHODS: We excavated in their entirety 1-4 individuals of each of 100 ground-layer pine savanna species, classified their USO types, and measured their NSC concentrations and NSC pools. RESULTS: The NSC concentrations in underground organs varied widely among the 100 species sampled. Surprisingly, the fibrous roots of Pityopsis graminifolia stored higher concentrations of NSCs than many species with USOs. The relationship between NSC concentrations and NSC pools was strong after controlling for underground biomass. CONCLUSIONS: Our results revealed the high diversity of underground organs in pine savannas. It also showed that NSC concentrations in species with USOs reach high levels. Predictions of NSC pool sizes from NSC concentrations are interpretable, when corrections for underground biomass are considered. Research on underground organs would benefit from inclusion of morphological-anatomical analyses and phylogenetic controls to promote use of the data in broad-scale analyses.

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Seedling Growth and Storage Characteristics of Seeder and Resprouter Species of Mediterranean-type Ecosystems of S. W. Australia

Cited by 221 publications

References 16 publications

Underground starch storage in Erica species of the Cape Floristic Region – differences between seeders and resprouters

Underground starch storage in Erica species of the Cape Floristic Region – differences between seeders and resprouters

Root traits explain different foraging strategies between resprouting life histories

Underground carbohydrate stores and storage organs in fire‐maintained longleaf pine savannas in Florida, USA

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