Segmental transport of Ca<sup>2+</sup>and Mg<sup>2+</sup>along the gastrointestinal tract

Lameris, Anke L.; Nevalainen, Pasi; Reijnen, Daphne; Simons, Ellen; Eygensteyn, Jelle; Monnens, L.A.H.; Bindels, René J. M.; Hoenderop, Joost G. J.

doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00093.2014

Cited by 49 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Despite the clear changes in microbiome diversity and composition, the omeprazole-treated mice on normal Mg 2+ control diets did not suffer from hypomagnesemia. The contribution of Mg 2+ absorption in distal parts (colon) of the gastrointestinal tract is larger compared with the proximal parts (duodenum) with restricted dietary Mg 2+ intake (19). Therefore, it is likely that the high (0.22%) dietary Mg 2+ intake has masked the omeprazoleinduced effects on Mg 2+ absorption in the colon and has prevented the development of hypomagnesemia in these mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Regular chow contained 0.22% (w/w) Mg 2+ , which is 4 times the required concentration of 0.05% (w/w) (17,18). Intestinal Mg 2+ absorption at high Mg 2+ intake mainly depends on duodenal passive uptake (19). This makes the contribution of absorption in the colon, the segment containing the highest number of bacteria, very limited at 0.22% (w/w) Mg 2+ diets.…”

Section: Animal Study Characteristics and Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low gut microbiota diversity and dietary magnesium intake are associated with the development of PPI‐induced hypomagnesemia

et al. 2019

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Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are used by millions of patients for the treatment of stomach acid‐reflux diseases. Although PPIs are generally considered safe, about 13% of the users develop hypomagnesemia. Despite rising attention for this issue, the underlying mechanism is still unknown. Here, we examine whether the gut microbiome is involved in the development of PPI‐induced hypomagnesemia in wild‐type C57BL/6J mice. After 4 wk of treatment under normal or low dietary Mg2+ availability, omeprazole significantly reduced serum Mg2+ levels only in mice on a low‐Mg2+ diet without affecting the mRNA expression of colonic or renal Mg2+ transporters. Overall, 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed a lower gut microbial diversity in omeprazole‐treated mice. Omeprazole induced a shift in microbial composition, which was associated with a 3‐ and 2‐fold increase in the abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, respectively. To examine the metabolic consequences of these microbial alterations, the colonic composition of organic acids was evaluated. Low dietary Mg2+ intake, independent of omeprazole treatment, resulted in a 10‐fold increase in formate levels. Together, these results imply that both omeprazole treatment and low dietary Mg2+ intake disturb the gut internal milieu and may pose a risk for the malabsorption of Mg2+ in the colon.—Gommers, L. M. M., Ederveen, T. H. A., van der Wijst, J., Overmars‐Bos, C., Kortman, G. A. M., Boekhorst, J., Bindels, R. J. M., de Baaij, J. H. F., Hoenderop, J. G. J. Low gut microbiota diversity and dietary magnesium intake are associated with the development of PPI‐induced hypomagnesemia. FASEB J. 33, 11235–11246 (2019). http://www.fasebj.org

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Animal Study Characteristics and Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low gut microbiota diversity and dietary magnesium intake are associated with the development of PPI‐induced hypomagnesemia

et al. 2019

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“…In the distal intestine, TRPM6 channels are expressed [32]. In fact, TRPM6 interacts with a homolog protein called TRPM7 resulting in a TRPM6/7 complex that regulates the Mg 2+ entry in intestinal cells [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Hypercholesterolemia Associated with Nicotine Exposure in Adulthood May Induce Kidney Injury in Male Rats if Hypomagnesemia Occurs

Helou¹,

Volpini²,

Santinho³

et al. 2017

Kidney Blood Press Res

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Background/Aims: Maternal hypercholesterolemia is a risk factor to renal injury in rat pups at adulthood, especially if they feed a cholesterol-enriched diet after weaning. However, the renal function of male pups of dams with hypercholesterolemia (PH) that were fed a regular chow from weaning to adulthood needs investigation, particularly those exposed to an adverse risk such as nicotine. Methods: We evaluated the renal function of PH animals and we compared the data with those found in male pups of control dams (PC) at 3- and 6-month-old by inulin clearance. Moreover, we investigated the effect of nicotine treatment for 8 days in both PH and PC animals at 6 months old via metabolic function studies and by renal histological analysis. Results: Inulin clearance and other renal function parameters were similar in PH and PC animals at 3 and 6 months old. Nevertheless, the PH group showed significant differences with regard to histological analysis despite a similar number of glomeruli. The glomerular area of PH animals was significantly smaller than that measured in PC animals, and the fractional interstitial area was significantly larger in PH animals than that measured in PC animals at 3 months old. With regard to nicotine treatment, we observed a trend for a reduction in creatinine clearance in both PC and PH groups, but only PH animals showed hypomagnesemia and the highest fractional interstitial area. Conclusions: The offspring exposed to a high cholesterol milieu during intrauterine and neonatal life may show a silent kidney injury at adulthood that may be aggravated by nicotine exposure if hypomagnesemia occurs.

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“…Exposure to demineralized water (or salt-deficient meals) is accompanied by alterations of cell volume and cell hydration which (i) dilutes the concentration of cellular contents and (ii) jeopardizes structural integrity of the cell (Shimamoto and Komiya, 2000;Peters et al, 2007;Popkin et al, 2010;WHO, 2005;Lameris et al, 2015). An increase in cell hydration can change the internal structure and arrangement of the molecules (including chromatin) in ways that influence cellular differentiation, migration, mechanotransduction, DNA repair and tumorigenesis (Finan and Guilak, 2010;Finan et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health effects of desalinated water: Role of electrolyte disturbance in cancer development

Nriagu

Darroudi²,

Shomar

2016

Environmental Research

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Segmental transport of Ca²⁺and Mg²⁺along the gastrointestinal tract

Cited by 49 publications

References 47 publications

Low gut microbiota diversity and dietary magnesium intake are associated with the development of PPI‐induced hypomagnesemia

Low gut microbiota diversity and dietary magnesium intake are associated with the development of PPI‐induced hypomagnesemia

Maternal Hypercholesterolemia Associated with Nicotine Exposure in Adulthood May Induce Kidney Injury in Male Rats if Hypomagnesemia Occurs

Health effects of desalinated water: Role of electrolyte disturbance in cancer development

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Segmental transport of Ca2+and Mg2+along the gastrointestinal tract

Cited by 49 publications

References 47 publications

Low gut microbiota diversity and dietary magnesium intake are associated with the development of PPI‐induced hypomagnesemia

Low gut microbiota diversity and dietary magnesium intake are associated with the development of PPI‐induced hypomagnesemia

Maternal Hypercholesterolemia Associated with Nicotine Exposure in Adulthood May Induce Kidney Injury in Male Rats if Hypomagnesemia Occurs

Health effects of desalinated water: Role of electrolyte disturbance in cancer development

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Segmental transport of Ca²⁺and Mg²⁺along the gastrointestinal tract