Segregated neural representation of distinct emotion dimensions in the prefrontal cortex—an fMRI study

Grimm, Simone; Schmidt, Conny F.; Bermpohl, Felix; Heinzel, Alexander; Dahlem, Yuliya; Wyss, Michael; Hell, Daniel; Boesiger, Peter; Boeker, Heinz; Northoff, Georg

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.09.006

Cited by 180 publications

(169 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…15 There has been a high degree of consistency in the engagement of the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex during performance of emotion-related paradigms in functional neuroimaging studies, using not only autobiographical scripts but also other forms of stimulation. 1,[33][34][35] This has supported the notion of a general role for this brain region in emotional processing, possibly related to the interoceptive awareness of emotions, and the conscious regulation of emotional arousal and autonomic responses. 1,2,4 One feature specifically related to the emergence of irritability in our study was the pattern of increased activity in the left anterior dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (BA10), which was not engaged during the happiness condition relative to the neutral state, as we reported previously.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Cognitive control associated with irritability induction: an autobiographical recall fMRI study

Cerqueira

Almeida

Sato

et al. 2010

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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Objective: Despite the relevance of irritability emotions to the treatment, prognosis and classification of psychiatric disorders, the neurobiological basis of this emotional state has been rarely investigated to date. We assessed the brain circuitry underlying personal script-driven irritability in healthy subjects (n = 11) using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Method: Blood oxygen level-dependent signal changes were recorded during auditory presentation of personal scripts of irritability in contrast to scripts of happiness or neutral emotional content. Self-rated emotional measurements and skin conductance recordings were also obtained. Images were acquired using a 1,5T magnetic resonance scanner. Brain activation maps were constructed from individual images, and betweencondition differences in the mean power of experimental response were identified by using cluster-wise nonparametric tests. Results: Compared to neutral scripts, increased blood oxygen level-dependent signal during irritability scripts was detected in the left subgenual anterior cingulate cortex, and in the left medial, anterolateral and posterolateral dorsal prefrontal cortex (cluster-wise p-value < 0.05). While the involvement of the subgenual cingulate and dorsal anterolateral prefrontal cortices was unique to the irritability state, increased blood oxygen level-dependent signal in dorsomedial and dorsal posterolateral prefrontal regions were also present during happiness induction. Conclusion: Irritability induction is associated with functional changes in a limited set of brain regions previously implicated in the mediation of emotional states. Changes in prefrontal and cingulate areas may be related to effortful cognitive control aspects that gain salience during the emergence of irritability. Descriptors IntroductionSeveral imaging studies in healthy human subjects using positron emission tomography (PET) or functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have been conducted during the provocation of specific emotional states, including happiness, sadness, fear, anger, anxiety, guilt or disgust. These studies have demonstrated the involvement of multi-focal brain circuits in emotional processing, frequently involving portions of the frontal and temporal neocortices, anterior cingulate gyrus, medial temporal structures, amygdala, insula and the basal ganglia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Cognitive control associated with irritability induction: an autobiographical recall fMRI study

Cerqueira

Almeida

Sato

et al. 2010

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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“…For instance, Taylor et al (2003) showed that strong amygdala responses could be found when emotionally salient pictures were passively viewed, whereas the ventromedial cortex was more active when the pleasantness of these pictures had to be rated. On the basis of a picture viewing study, Grimm et al (2006) argued that activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex is especially sensitive to the valence of the emotional stimulus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Acute Tryptophan Depletion on Mood and Facial Emotion Perception Related Brain Activation and Performance in Healthy Women with and without a Family History of Depression

Veen

Evers

Deutz

et al. 2006

Neuropsychopharmacol

108

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The present study examined the effects of acute tryptophan (Trp) depletion (ATD), a well-recognized method to lower central serotonin (5-HT) metabolism, on brain activation during a facial emotion perception task. Brain activation was measured using fMRI, and healthy female volunteers with a positive family history of unipolar depression (FH + ) were compared to healthy female volunteers without such a history (FHÀ). Participants viewed two morphed faces and were instructed to choose between the faces based either on the intensity of the emotional expression (direct task) or the gender of the face (incidental task). In the FH + group, depletion led to the expected lowering of mood, which partly determined the effect of depletion on performance and brain activation. A stronger mood lowering effect was associated with less accurate performance on faces expressing a negative emotion in the incidental task and a stronger right amygdala response to fearful faces in comparison to happy faces. These results were explained in terms of a mood-induced bias leading to a stronger impact of the expressed negative emotion which subsequently leads to more interference in the incidental task and a stronger amygdala response. It was concluded that the effects of ATD on mood, performance, and brain activation in a facial emotion perception task depend on family history of depression. Performance and brain activation partly depend on the effect of ATD on mood.

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“…In healthy individuals, the ventromedial and inferior-medial prefrontal cortex seems to be prominently involved in self-referenced affective state [59,60] , whereas the DLPFC is more important for processing stimuli without self-referential emotional content, e.g. faces or visual scenes [61][62][63] . However, this distinction seems to be gradual and might refl ect the fact that the medial prefrontal cortex is generally more heavily involved in emotional, and the lateral prefrontal cortex in cognitive processing, but both functional properties substantially overlap [60] .…”

Section: Emotional Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring prefrontal cortex functions in healthy humans by transcranial electrical stimulation

Kuo

Nitsche²

2015

Neurosci. Bull.

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The prefrontal cortex is involved in a multitude of cognitive, emotional, motivational, and social processes, so exploring its specifi c functions is crucial for understanding human experience and behavior. Functional imaging approaches have largely contributed to the enhancement of our understanding, but might have limitations in establishing causal relationships between physiology and the related psychological and behavioral processes. Non-invasive electrical stimulation with direct or alternating currents can help to enhance our understanding with regard to specific processes, and might provide future protocols able to improve them in case of malfunctions. We review the current state of the fi eld, and provide an outlook for future developments.

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Segregated neural representation of distinct emotion dimensions in the prefrontal cortex—an fMRI study

Cited by 180 publications

References 71 publications

Cognitive control associated with irritability induction: an autobiographical recall fMRI study

Cognitive control associated with irritability induction: an autobiographical recall fMRI study

Effects of Acute Tryptophan Depletion on Mood and Facial Emotion Perception Related Brain Activation and Performance in Healthy Women with and without a Family History of Depression

Exploring prefrontal cortex functions in healthy humans by transcranial electrical stimulation

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