Segregation of the bulk blend fertilizers

Miserque, Olivier; Pirard, Eric

doi:10.1016/j.chemolab.2004.03.017

Cited by 30 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Analysis for dust and impurities was performed by an automated device (model MLN from Rationel Kornservice A/S, see Reference [16]). This is a 'by-the-book' example There is a certain similarity of the present experiment and the flow segregation study described by Miserque and Pirard [17].…”

Section: Variographic Check Of Grain Impurities During Unloadingsupporting

confidence: 84%

Representative process sampling for reliable data analysis—a tutorial

Petersen

Esbensen

2005

Journal of Chemometrics

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Process sampling of moving streams of particulate matter, fluids and slurries (over time or space) or stationary one-dimensional (1-D) lots is often carried out according to existing tradition or protocol not taking the theory of sampling (TOS) into account. In many situations, sampling errors (sampling variances) can be reduced greatly however, and sampling biases can be eliminated completely, by respecting a simple set of rules and guidelines provided by TOS. A systematic approach for description of process heterogeneity furnishes in-depth knowledge about the specific variability of any 1-D lot. The variogram and its derived auxiliary functions together with a set of error generating functions provide critical information on:-process variation over time or space,-the number of extracted increments to composite into a final, optimal sample,-the frequency with which to extract increments-and which sampling scheme will be optimal (random, stratified random or systematic selection). In addition variography will delineate cyclic behaviors as well as long-term trends thereby ensuring that future sampling will not accidentally be performed with a sampling rate coincident with the frequency of any hidden cycle, eliminating the risk of underestimating process variation. A brief description of selected hardware for extraction of samples from 1-D lots is provided in order to illustrate the key issues to consider when installing new, or optimizing existing sampling devices and procedures. A number of practical examples illustrate the use of TOS and variography to design optimal sampling protocols for a variety of typical process situations.

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Section: Variographic Check Of Grain Impurities During Unloadingsupporting

confidence: 84%

Representative process sampling for reliable data analysis—a tutorial

Petersen

Esbensen

2005

Journal of Chemometrics

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“…Miserque and Pirard [59] indicated that granulometric segregation in bulk blended fertilisers can be minimised at granulometric spread indexes (GSIs) of about 15% or lower while values above 25% will likely produce severe segregation. Segregation can occur with blends as well as complex and compound fertilisers which have relatively wide range of particle sizes [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of Organomineral Fertilisers Derived from Nutrient-Enriched Biosolids Granules

Antille

Sakrabani

Tyrrel

et al. 2013

Applied and Environmental Soil Science

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Organomineral fertilisers (OMFs) were produced by coating biosolids granules with urea and potash. Two OMF formulations with N : P2O5 : K2O compositions: 10 : 4 : 4 (OMF10) and 15 : 4 : 4 (OMF15) were developed for application in grassland and arable crops. Routine fertiliser analyses were conducted on four batches of OMF and biosolids granules and compared with a sample of urea to determine key physical and chemical properties of the materials which affect handling and spreading, soil behaviour, and fertiliser value. Bulk and particle densities were in the range of 608 to 618 kg m−3, and 1297 to 1357 kg m−3, respectively. Compression tests showed that OMF particles undergo deformation followed by multiple failures without disintegration of the granules when vertical load was applied. Static particle strength was between 1.18 and 4.33 N mm−2depending on the particle diameter. The use of a model for fertiliser particle distribution studies showed that OMF granules should be between 1.10 and 5.50 mm in diameter with about 80% of the particles in the range of 2.25 to 4.40 mm to enable application at 18 m tramline spacing. This research utilises novel technology to improve the fertiliser value of biosolids, reduce disposal costs, and deliver a range of environmental benefits associated with recycling.

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“…Due to the behaviour exhibited by OMF and biosolids granules, the statistical analysis to determine differences in the force required to induce the breaking of the particles was only conducted for particles of urea. Particles in the range of 3.35 to 4.00 mm in diameter required a significantly (P<0.001) higher force (32.9 N) compared with those in the range of 2.36 to 3.35 mm (23.8 N), and 4.00 to 5.50 mm (24.4 N) respectively which were not statistically different for an LSD value (5% level) of 1.26 N. Miserque and Pirard (2004) indicated that granulometric segregation in bulk blended fertilisers can be minimised at GSI values of 15 or lower while values above 25 produce severe segregation. Segregation is not limited to blends as it takes place in complex and compound fertilisers which have a relatively wide range of particle sizes (Crowther, 1958;Lance, 1996).…”

Section: Physical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…These particles must be maintained to a minimum since the fraction below 1 mm is greatly responsible for the increase in the coefficient of variation during broadcast spreading (Kämpfe et al, 1982). The values of GSI reported by Miserque and Pirard (2004) provide a valuable threshold to compare against those obtained for OMF. Given the relatively wide range of particle sizes encountered, it can be stated that particle segregation is therefore likely to occur affecting distribution uniformity during broadcast spreading.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%