Seismic amplitude and attribute data from Mesozoic strata in the Skagerrak (Danish-Norwegian North Sea): Indicators for fluid migration and seal bypass systems

Grob, Henrik; Seidel, Elisabeth; Hübscher, Christian

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2020.104596

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Similar fluid migration characteristics have previously been observed by Grob et al. (2020) in the Norwegian Trench. Given the known hydrocarbon reservoirs in the southeastern Baltic Basin (Figure 2) and the general structure of the basin with dipping layers toward the southeast (Figure 1b), we assume a general migration path from the southeast in an updip direction toward the northwest.…”

Section: Interpretation and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The fluid escape is not limited to one location resulting in a circular structure but takes place along a larger area along the outcropping plane, thus, creating elongated escape structures. A similar tectonic setting where fluid escape is related to outcropping layers has previously been observed in the Skagerrak (Grob et al, 2020;Hübscher & Borowski, 2006).…”

Section: Fluid Escape Structuressupporting

confidence: 72%

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The Paleozoic Hydrocarbon System in the Gotland Basin (Central Baltic Sea) Leaks

Warwel,

Hübscher,

Hartge

et al. 2023

Earth and Space Science

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The Baltic Basin is known for its numerous Paleozoic hydrocarbon reservoirs. There is published evidence that hydrocarbons are leaking from the seafloor, however, little is known about the hydrocarbon migration pathways from Paleozoic source and reservoir rocks toward the seafloor and their escape structures. To investigate these processes, we utilize a new set of multibeam, parametric sediment sub‐bottom profiler and 2D seismic reflection data. The integrated analysis of seismic profiles, diffraction imaging and bathymetric maps allow to identify a hydrocarbon migration system within Silurian and Devonian strata that consists of layer parallel and updip migration beneath sealing layers, migration across seals along faults, and seafloor escape structures in form of elongated depressions. The general migration trend is directed updip, from the Paleozoic reservoirs below the southeastern Baltic Sea toward the Gotland Depression in the northwest. The locations of the hydrocarbon escape structures at the seafloor and their elongated shape are mainly controlled by the regional geological setting of outcropping Paleozoic layers. In addition, iceberg scouring may have facilitated hydrocarbon migration through the Quaternary deposits. The description of this hydrocarbon migration system fills the gap between the known reservoirs and the observed hydrocarbon accumulations and seepages. With regard to potential Carbon Capture and Storage projects, the identification of this hydrocarbon migration system is of great importance, as potential storage sites may be leaking.

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Section: Interpretation and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Fluid Escape Structuressupporting

confidence: 72%

The Paleozoic Hydrocarbon System in the Gotland Basin (Central Baltic Sea) Leaks

Warwel,

Hübscher,

Hartge

et al. 2023

Earth and Space Science

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“…Blanking and turbidity evidence of shallow gas was found in organicrich near seafloor sediments in Arkona Basin (Mathys et al, 2005;Thießen et al, 2006) and Eckernfoerde Bay (Abegg and Anderson, 1997;Huster et al, 2020). Shallow gas distribution in the Holocene marine mud was mapped in Arhus Bay and Skagerrak (Jensen and Bennike, 2009;Laier and Jensen, 2007;Grob et al, 2020). Free gas in the Holocene mud was also detected in the Bornholm Basin (Laier and Jensen, 2007;Tóth et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Gas - Escape features along the Trzebiatów fault offshore Poland: Evidence for a leaking petroleum system

Nguyen

Malinowski

Kramarska

et al. 2023

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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“…Production and testing data from multiple oil fields have shown (Fig. 8) that the oil reservoir permeability system is composed of the above sedimentary facies and low-permeability faults [19] , among which active fluvial channels play a key role. Connecting reservoirs consist of high porosity and permeability sandstones in active fluvial channels, low-permeability terminal splay sandstones, abandoned fluvial channels and minor channel sandstones.…”

Section: Impacts and Controls Of Reservoir Quality On Oil Reservoir P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithology and Lithofacies Characteristics of Deeply Buried Clastic Reservoirs in Alternating Wet-arid Climate and its Hydrocarbon Significance

Li,

Qiu,

2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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There have been series of HPHT (high temperature and high pressure) reservoirs with good quality and high productivity discovered in the Triassic Skagerrak Formation in the Central Graben of the UK North Sea. The bottlenecks for further E&P activity are the complicated depositional facies and high reservoir heterogeneity. The main reservoir space is a mixed porosity network composed of primary pores, micro-pores, secondary pores, secondary micro-pores and micro-fractures. Reservoirs of the Skagerrak Formation have greatly varied lateral connectivity as well as poor vertical connectivity. In the case of sufficiently high pressure differentials, hydrocarbon can be fed from high-potential area to low-potential area. There is no simple linear relationship between depth and reservoir quality. The primary depositional texture (grain size/sorting/clay content, etc.) linked to facies has a fundamental control on reservoir quality. Clean and well sorted cross laminated sandstone has the best reservoir quality, while the reservoir quality of planar laminated sandstone decreased due to increased degree of compaction caused by mica drapes. The reservoir quality of the fine-grained ripple cross laminated sandstone is even poorer than that of the planar laminated sandstone, due to abundant mica and clay drapes. Mottled bioturbated sandstone is fine grained with high clay content, which is more muddy because of containing burrows and insect larva. Pedoturbated sandstone has the poorest reservoir quality due to severe dolomite cementation. The dominant detrital material of the Skagerrak Formation is feldspar that provides abundant secondary porosity by alteration and dissolution. Chlorite coats are commonly developed and stained with residual oil or bitumen, which clearly inhibits quartz cementation and feldspar overgrowth. The presence of these clay coats contributes to the preservation of anomalously high porosity at depth in the cleaner and coarser grained fluvial channel facies. The Skagerrak formation facies is a dryland fluvial-lacustrine depositional system which is controlled by fluctuations of depositional base level due to salt mobilisation. The Skagerrak formation consists of several cycles that are vertically separated by lacustrine mudstone. The reservoir permeability system is composed of active fluvial channel sandstones, terminal splay sandstones, abandoned fluvial channel sandstones, minor channel sandstones connecting fluvial channel and terminal splay, as well as low-permeability faults, while the active fluvial channel sandstone is the “sweet spot”. The analysis of controls on deeply buried reservoir quality is significant to precisely predict “sweet spot” in the Skagerrak Formation.

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Seismic amplitude and attribute data from Mesozoic strata in the Skagerrak (Danish-Norwegian North Sea): Indicators for fluid migration and seal bypass systems

Cited by 8 publications

References 38 publications

The Paleozoic Hydrocarbon System in the Gotland Basin (Central Baltic Sea) Leaks

The Paleozoic Hydrocarbon System in the Gotland Basin (Central Baltic Sea) Leaks

Gas - Escape features along the Trzebiatów fault offshore Poland: Evidence for a leaking petroleum system

Lithology and Lithofacies Characteristics of Deeply Buried Clastic Reservoirs in Alternating Wet-arid Climate and its Hydrocarbon Significance

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