Seismic Behavior of Triple Tunnel Complex in Soft Soil Subjected to Transverse Shaking

Naseem, Ahsan; Kashif, Muhammad; Iqbal, Nouman; Schotte, Ken; Backer, Hans De

doi:10.3390/app10010334

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…It is important to note that the ground conditions are assumed to be fully saturated, with the groundwater table (GWT) located at the surface. This soil profile has also been used for similar studies by other researchers [39,40,43,44]. This study uses Plaxis 2D, a finite element analysis software, to conduct the analysis.…”

Section: Soil Constitutive Model and Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, studies have been performed to evaluate the seismic performance of two novel tunnel complex shapes, i.e., the triple tunnel complex and the twin tunnel complex, resulting from the combination of three and two closely spaced individual tunnels hypothetically proposed to carry multiple underground rail tracks [39][40][41]. This research is a continuation of comparing parametrically the seismic behavior of these new novel shapes with the conventional combined rectangular-shaped tunnel complex to better understand their behavior and determine the better performer among the three.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Different Combined Multiple Tunnel Complexes in Soft Soil under Seismic Vibrations

Naseem,

Ansari,

Kashif

et al. 2023

Civ Eng J

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The resilience of underground tunnels has gained paramount importance recently, driven by the need to ensure the safety and functionality of critical transportation and infrastructure systems during seismic events. Underground tunnels are prone to severe damage when the soil condition is poor and located in a high seismic zone. While the behavior of individual tunnels has been extensively studied, the concept of multiple tunnels combined into a large tunnel complex is relatively new, with limited available research focusing on rectangular-shaped tunnel complexes and requiring a more detailed examination. This study parametrically analyzes two novel and unconventional structures in soft soil, i.e., twin and triple tunnel complexes resulting from the combination of closely spaced circular twin and triple individual tunnels. Seismic records from Coyote (US, 1979), Kobe (Japan, 1995), and Kocaeli (Turkey, 1999) have been used to determine the produced surface displacements, tunnel distortions, lateral stresses on the tunnel structures, and the induced seismic forces, including thrusts, shear forces, and bending moments. The results are then compared with the conventional rectangular-shaped tunnel complex, which is also analyzed under the same conditions. The comparison shows that the twin and triple tunnel complexes are comparatively better seismic performers than the conventional rectangular tunnel complex, with reduced ground displacements produced, lesser incurred structural distortions, experienced lateral stresses, and induced seismic forces. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-12-01 Full Text: PDF

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Section: Soil Constitutive Model and Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Different Combined Multiple Tunnel Complexes in Soft Soil under Seismic Vibrations

Naseem,

Ansari,

Kashif

et al. 2023

Civ Eng J

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“…So largely populated cities around the world are presently designing to supply metro lines by means of a system called an underground tunnel system. Though it has numerous useful goals, it is also at the same interval subject to too much damage if it is located in an earthquake-prone zone [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting of Seismic Performance on Tunnel in Weak Soil

Najm

Zakaria

2023

DJES

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Main seismic situations have appeared that the tunnels in weak soil may be suffer large seismic damage. Suitable modeling can have great significance for predicting and estimating their seismic acting. This paper examines the effect of the tunneling process and the seismic effect on the tunnel model and the surrounding soil on it. The data of this research is from Almafraq overhead intersection project in the Diyala government, the soil consists of clay and sand layers in which the tunnel is set up. The data obtained from field and laboratory investigations of soil layers and the analysis of the tunneling model by three-dimensional finite element analyses using PLAXIS 3D (V 20), the Mohr-Coulomb (MC) model is employed to demonstrate the behavior of soil-structure interaction in a soil tunnel. Plastic counting was used to act as an elastic-plastic distortion. Three sections are chosen in the vertical direction to experiment with the tunnel's impact and seismic effect on nearby soils. From proceeding FE analysis, the results of calculation by math measurement appeared to main variations in stresses that happen in soils zones nearby the tunnel edges and below the tunnel essentially affect nearness to soils. The increasing pressure becomes smaller as much as you went away horizontally from the tunnel and start to decrease for lengths more than 15m from the tunnel edge's, so it was observed that the most probable safe distance (2D) from the tunnel, which D represents the diameter of the tunnel, this for tunneling. Also, the upper zone of the tunnel considers safer at 58% because it is far from the influence of the earthquake and its soil is clay, while the critical zone locates in contact with the tunnel. Furthermore, it was noted that the amount of settlement of the soil is so little in a phase of tunnelling compared to the dynamic rate of 86%.

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“…In the past, less attention was given to the effects of an earthquake on the tunnels, but the damages caused during major earthquakes have caused researchers to study this aspect as well. Many researchers are now working on the evaluation of the seismic response of tunnels analytically (Hoeg (1968), Wang (1993), Penzien (2000), Bobet (2003), Park et al (2009), Bobet (2010), experimentally (Adalier et al, 2003;Lanzano, 2009;Lanzano et al, 2010;Bilotta et al, 2014;Ulgen, Saglam, and Ozkan, 2015), and numerically (Hashash et al, 2010;Sandoval and Bobet, 2017;Tsinidis, 2017;Sadiq et al, 2019;Naseem et al, 2020). Sharma and Judd (1991) studied the effect of the type of the soil medium and the embedment of the tunnel on seismic behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the performance of the twin tunnel complex in soft soil subjected to horizontal ground shaking

Naseem,

Ansari,

Kashif

et al. 2023

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Tunnel construction in soft soil necessitates a thorough evaluation of soil behavior, embedment depth, ground heaves, and tunnel distortions, especially in earthquake-prone areas. This study presents a numerical parametric investigation of an unconventional tunnel complex formed by combining the closely located twin tunnels. The complex is subjected to varying horizontal ground vibrations, and the influence of lining thickness, embedment depth, and interface conditions on seismic-induced thrusts, shear forces, bending moments, tunnel distortions, and ground heaves is assessed. The applicability of analytical solutions from existing literature for singular tunnels is examined through detailed analyses of different embedment ratios. The study reveals that increased tunnel flexural rigidity leads to higher seismic-induced bending moments in the tunnel complex. Comparison of full-slip and no-slip interface conditions shows that the former exhibits reduced overall tunnel distortions. Furthermore, a comparison is made with a conventional-shaped rectangular tunnel complex. The results indicate that the twin tunnel complex behaves more rigidly under a constant embedment ratio and input motion amplitude. It also results in lower ground heaves and suffers lesser induced lining forces during seismic events, making it a superior performer in comparison. Overall, this research provides valuable insights into the behavior of twin tunnel complexes in soft soil under seismic conditions, showcasing their advantages over conventional shaped tunnels in terms of tunnel distortions, ground heaves, and overall structural response.

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Seismic Behavior of Triple Tunnel Complex in Soft Soil Subjected to Transverse Shaking

Cited by 12 publications

References 30 publications

Comparison of Different Combined Multiple Tunnel Complexes in Soft Soil under Seismic Vibrations

Comparison of Different Combined Multiple Tunnel Complexes in Soft Soil under Seismic Vibrations

Predicting of Seismic Performance on Tunnel in Weak Soil

Evaluating the performance of the twin tunnel complex in soft soil subjected to horizontal ground shaking

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