Seismic cycle on a strike-slip fault with rate- and state-dependent strength in an elastic layer overlying a viscoelastic half-space

Kato, Naoyuki

doi:10.1186/bf03353305

Cited by 26 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…It was also shown that the simulation predicts occurrence of a large postseismic slip on the plate interface, though viscoelasticity is not included in the model. In fact, Kato (2002) showed that a simulation for a case of a strike-slip fault embedded in a viscoelastic earth model gives almost the same results as those performed using a uniform elastic half-space model. Kato and Hirasawa (2000), based on a 2-D simulation model, evaluated effects of outer rise earthquakes on a seismic cycle of large interplate earthquakes by considering stress perturbation to the coupling region.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Effects of nearby large earthquakes on the occurrence time of the Tokai earthquake—An estimation based on a 3-D simulation of plate subduction—

2014

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An eastern half of the focal region of the 1854 Ansei-Tokai earthquake was not ruptured at the 1944 Tonankai earthquake and the area around Suruga Bay remained as a seismic gap (Ishibashi, 1981). As to the cause that the fault motion in 1944 did not extend to the eastern part, Mogi (1981) and Pollitz and Sacks (1995) considered effects of the 1891 Nobi earthquake of M8.0. In this paper, we evaluate quantitatively effects of nearby large earthquakes, the 1891 Nobi, the 1923 Kanto and the 1944 Tonankai earthquakes, on the occurrence time of the Tokai earthquake that has been anticipated to occur soon to fill the seismic gap, using a three-dimensional simulation model with a rate-and state-dependent friction law (Ruina, 1983). It is suggested that the occurrence of the Tokai earthquake was delayed by the 1891 Nobi earthquake, while it was advanced by the 1923 Kanto and the 1944 Tonankai earthquakes. We show that the sense and degree of the effect of nearby large earthquakes on the occurrence time of the anticipated Tokai earthquake depend on whether and how much the stress perturbation produced by the nearby earthquakes strengthens or weakens the stress accumulated in the coupling region, especially in the highly shearstressed ring zone (Kuroki et al., 2002). However it is difficult to say definitely how much the Tokai earthquake was delayed or advanced, because the magnitude of the effect is very sensitive to the location of the fault planes.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Effects of nearby large earthquakes on the occurrence time of the Tokai earthquake—An estimation based on a 3-D simulation of plate subduction—

2014

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“…These effects should be evaluated by using half‐space models [e.g., Hori et al , 2004]. Moreover, the effect of viscoelasticity should be included in future models to properly account for long‐term crustal deformation data [e.g., Kato , 2002]. (2) Smaller scale heterogeneity was neglected in the present model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulation of recurrence of asperity rupture in the Sanriku region, northeastern Japan

Kato¹

2008

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] A numerical simulation study is presented for the recurrence of great earthquakes and aseismic sliding in the Sanriku region, northeastern Japan, where the Pacific Plate subducts beneath northern Honshu and M8 class earthquakes have occurred approximately every 100 years. The friction on the plate interface is assumed to obey a rate-and statedependent friction law, and the spatial distribution of constitutive parameters of the friction law is estimated, so that the simulated slip histories mimic those estimated from seismic and geodetic observations. By introducing two large asperities that have velocity-weakening frictional properties, earthquakes similar to the 1968 Tokachi-oki earthquake (M w = 8.2) and the 1994 Sanriku-oki earthquake (M w = 7.7) can be modeled. The former broke both the large asperities, and the latter broke one of them. The ruptures of the two simulated large earthquakes started from almost the same location, and their nucleation processes are similar to each other. Two smaller asperities were introduced to represent smaller earthquakes. One of the small asperities is for the largest aftershock (M w = 6.9) of the 1994 Sanriku-oki earthquake, which was located westward from the 1994 main shock area and took place 10 d after the main shock. The present simulation suggests that the largest aftershock was triggered by stress caused by propagation of postseismic sliding. In the simulation, the area of greatest intensity of postseismic sliding is located in the region between the main shock slip area and the largest aftershock area, which is consistent with the estimation from GPS data analyses for the postseismic sliding of the 1994 Sanriku-oki earthquake. Some important characteristics of seismic and aseismic processes, as estimated from observations, are reproduced in the model. This suggests that spatially nonuniform frictional properties on the plate interface can be estimated to some extent by comparison between model results and observed data.

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“…While finite-element modeling has proven versatile for forward and inverse modeling, notably using the adjoint method (Agata et al, 2017;Crawford et al, 2016), resolving the details of fault dynamics with this technique requires out-of-the-ordinary numerical resources and methods (Agata et al, 2014;Ichimura et al, 2016;Uphoff et al, 2017). While elegant, this approach is limited to linear viscoelastic properties and often to vertical stratification of material properties and ignores the coupling to brittle deformation, except for the work of N. Kato (2002). While elegant, this approach is limited to linear viscoelastic properties and often to vertical stratification of material properties and ignores the coupling to brittle deformation, except for the work of N. Kato (2002).…”

Section: Subduction Dynamics With the Integral Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Viscoelastic simulations have also exploited the correspondence principle, whereby heterogeneous effective elastic properties are mapped into the viscoelastic properties by virtue of the Fourier or Laplace transforms (Chanard et al, 2018;Fukahata & Matsu'ura, 2006;Pollitz, 1992Pollitz, , 1997Smith & Sandwell, 2004). While elegant, this approach is limited to linear viscoelastic properties and often to vertical stratification of material properties and ignores the coupling to brittle deformation, except for the work of N. Kato (2002). Meanwhile, fault dynamics is efficiently simulated with the boundary-integral method (Ando, 2018;Lapusta & Liu, 2009;Y.…”

Section: Subduction Dynamics With the Integral Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asthenosphere Flow Modulated by Megathrust Earthquake Cycles

Barbot

2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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Subduction megathrusts develop the largest earthquakes, often close to large population centers. Understanding the dynamics of deformation at subduction zones is therefore important to better assess seismic hazards. Here I develop consistent earthquake cycle simulations that incorporate localized and distributed deformation based on laboratory‐derived constitutive laws by combining boundary and volume elements to represent the mechanical coupling between megathrust slip and solid‐state flow in the oceanic asthenosphere and in the mantle wedge. The model is simplified, in two dimensions, but may help the interpretation of geodetic data. Megathrust earthquakes and slow‐slip events modulate the strain rate in the upper mantle, leading to large variations of effective viscosity in space and time and a complex pattern of surface deformation. While fault slip and flow in the mantle wedge generate surface displacements in the same, that is, seaward, direction, the viscoelastic relaxation in the oceanic asthenosphere generates transient surface deformation in the opposite, that is, landward, direction above the rupture area of the mainshock. Aseismic deformation above the seismogenic zone may be challenging to record, but it may reveal important constraints about the rheology of the subducting plate.

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Seismic cycle on a strike-slip fault with rate- and state-dependent strength in an elastic layer overlying a viscoelastic half-space

Cited by 26 publications

References 32 publications

Effects of nearby large earthquakes on the occurrence time of the Tokai earthquake—An estimation based on a 3-D simulation of plate subduction—

Effects of nearby large earthquakes on the occurrence time of the Tokai earthquake—An estimation based on a 3-D simulation of plate subduction—

Numerical simulation of recurrence of asperity rupture in the Sanriku region, northeastern Japan

Asthenosphere Flow Modulated by Megathrust Earthquake Cycles

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