Seismic experimental assessment of steel and synthetic meshes for retrofitting heritage earthen structures

Reyes, Juan C.; Smith-Pardo, J. Paul; Liu, Yamin; Galvis, Francisco A.; Ángel, Christiam C.; Sandoval, Juan D.; González, Catalina

doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.109477

Cited by 28 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This larger deformation capacity after the peak shows that the strengthening measures adopted are effective in delaying the out-of-plane collapse of the facade and distributing the load over the larger section of the wall. Such improvement in deformation capacity with the use of strengthening measures was also reported in previous studies [3,22]. The energy absorption (Ψ) is given by the area under the force-displacement curve until a 10% drop in the maximum load [18].…”

Section: Load-displacement Relationshipsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…All these proposed techniques are embedded within the rammed earth wall, and they are feasible only for a new construction, for example, post-tensioned vertical rebar [10,17], thinner section of reinforced concrete columns [7], and reinforced concrete dowels and wedges with a floor anchorage system [13]. Only a few studies have been conducted to assess the effectiveness of retrofitting measures, which include the use of externally bonded fiber [21], synthetic meshes [22], and steel plates [23]. All these tests are conducted under a shaking table test on a reduced-scale wall [21] and an L-shaped wall [22,23], which do not necessarily reproduce the actual response of buildings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only a few studies have been conducted to assess the effectiveness of retrofitting measures, which include the use of externally bonded fiber [21], synthetic meshes [22], and steel plates [23]. All these tests are conducted under a shaking table test on a reduced-scale wall [21] and an L-shaped wall [22,23], which do not necessarily reproduce the actual response of buildings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strengthening Strategies for Existing Rammed Earth Walls Subjected to Out-of-Plane Loading

et al. 2020

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The paper reports an experimental campaign to study the effectiveness of strengthening measures proposed for rammed earth (RE) wall in an out-of-plane direction. Two simple and feasible strengthening techniques were explored, namely, mesh-wrapped and timber-framed strengthening techniques. The test involved testing three full-scale U-shaped RE walls in an out-of-plane direction. The first specimen without any intervention served as the reference wall, while the two others were strengthened with two different strengthening methods. It was observed that both proposed strengthening techniques improved the load-carrying capacity of the wall and the maximum displacement and the energy absorption. The mesh-wrapped strengthening technique was found to be more effective than the timber-framed strengthening technique, which disrupted the visual aspects of the wall’s facade and needed proper anchoring to the foundation.

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Section: Load-displacement Relationshipsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strengthening Strategies for Existing Rammed Earth Walls Subjected to Out-of-Plane Loading

et al. 2020

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“…Geosynthetic materials have proven to be effective in stabilizing and strengthening applications in infrastructure, such as stabilization of pavement layers, reinforcement of embankments, and improvement of soft foundations (Abdesssemed et al, 2015;Reyes et al, 2019;Daou et al, 2020;Behera and Nanda, 2021). The interfacial characteristics between geosynthetics and the filling directly determine the internal stability of reinforcement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Resistance of Denti-Geogrid Reinforcement in a Sand Model Based on the Pullout Test

Fang

Jing-sheng

Shi³

et al. 2021

Front. Mater.

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In order to investigate the pullout resistance of the Horizontal-Vertical reinforcement, a “denti-geogrid” was assembled by bonding a “denti-strip” with the geogrid and the pullout tests were carried out. Subsequently, the analytical approaches were investigated to calculate the pullout resistance on the basis of the surface sliding model, Perterson and Anderson’s model, Jewell’s model, Chai’s model, and the proposed stress summation model. Moreover, a new index named “scale factor” was suggested to reflect the proportion of bearing resistance provided by transversal members. The research showed that: 1) under the same test conditions, the pullout resistance of denti-geogrid was much higher than that of a common geogrid. All common geogrids showed linear strain softening in the later stage of pullout tests. Given the same normal stresses, due to the expansion of effective areas suffering lateral earth pressure, more denti-strips meant more significant resistance; 2) Among five theoretical approaches, the solutions of the proposed stress summation model made the best agreement with lab test results, with an average relative error of 2.82%. On the other hand, the stress summation model also showed a simplicity in calculation; and 3) Due to higher gradient of the fitting curve of scale factors under lower load, the bearing resistance would be more and more dominant, which means that the lateral resistance of denti-strips could play a decisive role in cases of low stress level.

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“…No obstante, durante estas décadas diversos investigadores han propuesto varias alternativas de rehabilitación de edificaciones en tierra, donde se pretende preservar al máximo la arquitectura original tratando de conservar los valores patrimoniales del inmueble y su morfología (Yamin et al, 2003). En países como Perú, México y Colombia se han realizado investigaciones basadas en el reforzamiento mediante mallas y mortero de cal (Reyes, Smith-Pardo, Yamin, Galvis, Angel, et al, 2019;Yamín Lacouture et al, 2007;Zegarra, Luis, San Bartolome, Angel, Quiun, Daniel y Giesecke, 1997). Este método de rehabilitación con mallas proporciona una mayor ductilidad al sistema estructural, donde se prolonga la vida de la estructura durante un sismo y retarda el daño no reparable (Yamin et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Evaluación estructural, técnica y económica del reforzamiento estructural de dos edificaciones patrimoniales en tierra de 1 piso y 2 pisos, usando las recomendaciones del documento AIS- 610-EP-2017 y las prácticas de los arquitectos/ingenieros restauradores

Niño¹,

Jaramillo²

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Los españoles que conquistaron la zona andina latinoamericana construyeron edificios en adobe y tapia pisada. Por esta razón, el 90% de los edificios patrimoniales en Colombia están construidos en tierra; la mayoría ubicados en zonas de amenaza sísmica intermedia y alta. Considerando que estas edificaciones son sísmicamente vulnerables, en 2019 se incluyó la norma AIS-610-EP-2017 en la reglamentación sismo-resistente del país (norma para reforzamiento sísmico de edificios patrimoniales en tierra). Utilizando esta norma, se analizaron dos edificios construidos en el siglo XVI. Los muros fueron reforzados con placas de acero (o de madera). Los resultados indican que para cargas sísmicas solo el 24% de los muros sin refuerzo tendrían tensiones menores que la resistencia a la tracción de la tierra, mientras que en los muros reforzados este porcentaje es del 98%. Asimismo, las tensiones en los elementos de refuerzo (acero y madera) se mantienen por debajo de los límites permisibles.

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Seismic experimental assessment of steel and synthetic meshes for retrofitting heritage earthen structures

Cited by 28 publications

References 11 publications

Strengthening Strategies for Existing Rammed Earth Walls Subjected to Out-of-Plane Loading

Strengthening Strategies for Existing Rammed Earth Walls Subjected to Out-of-Plane Loading

The Resistance of Denti-Geogrid Reinforcement in a Sand Model Based on the Pullout Test

Evaluación estructural, técnica y económica del reforzamiento estructural de dos edificaciones patrimoniales en tierra de 1 piso y 2 pisos, usando las recomendaciones del documento AIS- 610-EP-2017 y las prácticas de los arquitectos/ingenieros restauradores

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