“…In addition, the quality of the inversion results is also related to the optimization method. A variety of optimization algorithms, such as artifcial bee colony (ABC) [34], PSO [35], gray wolf optimization (GWO) [36], GA [37], whale optimization algorithm (WOA) [38], and bat algorithm (BA) [39], applied in the model parameter identifcation have shown good adaptability. Compared with other methods, PSO has the characteristics of simple implementation, wide application, and strong global search capability.…”