Seismic Mapping, Stratigraphy and Subsidence in the South Caspian Basin, Azerbaijan

Green, T.J.; Abdullayev, N.R.; Hossack, John R.; Riley, Gregory W.; Roberts, Alan

doi:10.3997/2214-4609.20146094

Proceedings

2008

DOI: 10.3997/2214-4609.20146094

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Seismic Mapping, Stratigraphy and Subsidence in the South Caspian Basin, Azerbaijan

T.J. Green¹,

N.R. Abdullayev²,

John R. Hossack³

et al.

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Subsidence and uplift mechanisms within the South Caspian Basin: insights from the onshore and offshore Azerbaijan region

Egan

Mosar²,

Brunet

et al. 2009

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A combination of fieldwork, basin analysis and modelling techniques has been used to try and understand the role, as well as the timing, of the subsidence -uplift mechanisms that have affected the Azerbaijan region of the South Caspian Basin (SCB) from Mesozoic to Recent.Key outcrops have been studied in the eastern Greater Caucasus, and the region has been divided into several major tectonic zones that are diagnostic of different former sedimentary realms representing a complete traverse from a passive margin setting to slope and distal basin environments. Subsequent deformation has caused folds and thrusts that generally trend from NW-SE to WNW-ESE.Offshore data has been analysed to provide insights into the regional structural and stratigraphic evolution of the SCB to the east of Azerbaijan. Several structural trends and subsidence patterns have been identified within the study area. In addition, burial history modelling suggests that there are at least three main components of subsidence, including a relatively short-lived basin-wide event at 6 Ma that is characterized by a rapid increase in the rate of subsidence.Numerical modelling that includes structural, thermal, isostatic and surface processes has been applied to the SCB. Models that reconcile the observed amount of fault-controlled deformation with the magnitude of overall thinning of the crust generate a comparable amount of subsidence to that observed in the basin. In addition, model results support the tectonic scenario that SCB crust has a density that is compatible with an oceanic composition and is being under-thrust beneath the central Caspian region.

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Subsidence and uplift mechanisms within the South Caspian Basin: insights from the onshore and offshore Azerbaijan region

Egan

Mosar²,

Brunet

et al. 2009

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Subsidence History and Hydrocarbon Migration Modeling in South Caspian Basin

Gahramanov

Babayev

Shpyrko³

et al. 2020

VKNUGEOL

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We study the mechanisms of migration and spacial distribution of hydrocarbon deposits along a regional 1000 km long SW - NE seismic cross section of the South Caspian Basin. A retrospective 2D geological simulation of basin subsidence and sediment filling history is performed taking into account accompanying processes of thermal and catagenetic transformations of organic matter, and subsequent migration and accumulation of hydrocarbons. The start of the basin opening with accumulation of considerable sedimentary mass can be dated as middle Mesozoic (Triassic or Jurassic), and hydrocarbon prone horizons can now be located at depths of 12 km. The hydrocarbon saturation of the Pliocene Productive Series is of epigenetic (allochtonous) nature, which is also confirmed in literature by geochemical data from mud volcanoes and by other facts. Geochemical age, depth of provenance and reworking degree of hydrocarbons point at generation sources in Mesozoic (gas) and Paleogene-Miocene formations (oil) with only subordinate participation of the lower "Productive Series" Pliocene suites. The dominant migration pattern of fluids is interformational (interstratal) intermittent injective subvertical flow along disjunctive planes, zones of increased fracturing and loose rocks, diapir intrusion contacts, eruptives of mud volcanoes, lithofacial unconformities and other structures, breaking the rocks continuity. This implies the possibility of commercial-scale accumulations of hydrocarbons at ultra high depths, if trap structures of sufficiently large sizes are available, comparable with already discovered giant oil and gas fields (Shah-Deniz, Azeri-Chirag-Gyuneshli etc).

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Seismic Mapping, Stratigraphy and Subsidence in the South Caspian Basin, Azerbaijan

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Subsidence and uplift mechanisms within the South Caspian Basin: insights from the onshore and offshore Azerbaijan region

Subsidence and uplift mechanisms within the South Caspian Basin: insights from the onshore and offshore Azerbaijan region

Subsidence History and Hydrocarbon Migration Modeling in South Caspian Basin

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