Seismically induced landslide at Degirmendere Nose, Izmit Bay during Kocaeli (Izmit)-Turkey earthquake

Çetin, K. Önder; Işık, Nihat; Unutmaz, Berna

doi:10.1016/j.soildyn.2003.11.007

Cited by 38 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The consequent reduction of shear resistance causes the granular system, which under normal conditions behaves like a solid that resists shear, to flow as a fluid. Once liquefied, soils can no longer support the infrastructure and a catastrophic collapse of buildings, roads, bridges and other structures may take place (e.g., damage during earthquakes at Niigata, 1964, [Kawakami andAsada, 1966], or Izmit, 1999, [Cetin et al, 2004]). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mechanical Coupling of Fluid-Filled Granular Material Under Shear

Goren

Aharonov

Sparks

et al. 2011

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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Abstract. The coupled mechanics of fluid-filled granular media controls the physics of many Earth systems such as saturated soils, fault gouge, and landslide shear zones. It is well established that when the pore fluid pressure rises, the shear resistance of fluid-filled granular systems decreases, and as a result catastrophic events such as soil liquefaction, earthquakes, and accelerating landslides may be triggered. Alternatively, when the pore pressure drops, the shear resistance of these geosystems increases. Despite the great importance of the coupled mechanics of grains-fluid systems, the basic physics that controls this coupling is far from understood. Fundamental questions that need to be addressed are what are the processes that control pore fluid pressurization and depressurization in response to deformation of the granular skeleton? and how do variations of pore pressure affect the mechanical strength of the grains skeleton? To answer these questions, a formulation for the pore fluid pressure and flow is developed from mass and momentum conservation, and is coupled with a granular dynamics algorithm that solves the grain dynamics, to form a fully coupled model. The pore fluid formulation reveals that the evolution of pore pressure obeys a viscoelastic rheology in response to pore space variations. Elastic-like behavior dominates with undrained conditions and leads to a linear relation between pore pressure and overall volumetric strain. Viscous-like behavior dominates under well drained conditions and leads to a linear relation between pore pressure and volumetric strain rate. Numerical simulations reveal the possibility of liquefaction under drained and initially over-compacted conditions, which were often believed to be resistant to liquefaction. Under such conditions liquefaction occurs during short compactive 1 phases that punctuate the overall dilative trend. In addition, the more established generation of elevated pore pressure under undrained compactive conditions is observed. Simulations also show that during liquefaction events stress chains are detached, the external load becomes completely supported by the pressurized pore fluid, and shear resistance vanishes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mechanical Coupling of Fluid-Filled Granular Material Under Shear

Goren

Aharonov

Sparks

et al. 2011

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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“…All over the world, in mountains with huge altitude difference and intense rainfall, landslides and debris flows frequently take place and are the major geological hazards [1][2][3][4][5], such as in the surrounding areas of the Tibetan Plateau. The Upper Yellow River, that locates in the northern part of the Tibetan Plateau and consists of four basins areas (i.e., Guide, Jianzha, Xunhua and Guanting) from Longyangxia Gorge to Shigouxia Gorge, is such a geological disaster-prone area ( Figure 1).…”

Section: The Surrounding Area Of the Tibetan Plateau Is A Geological mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the Xiazangtan landslide that occurred on the south bank of the Yellow River affected an area of ~5.6 km×~3.8 km and mobilized a volume of 15.05×10 8 m 3 . It directly impacted four villages and was reported as the largest one to occur in China [6,7] (Figure 2).…”

Section: The Enormous Scale Of Landslides In the Region Is Rare In Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earthquake and Local Rainfall Triggered Giant Landslides in the Unconsolidated Sediment Distribution Region along the Upper Yellow River - Remote Sense Analysis of Geological Disasters

Qin¹,

Yin²

2012

J Geophys Remote Sensing

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“…The Izmit Gulf is an east-west trending active graben system that is dynamically affected by the interaction of the NAF and the Marmara Graben system (Onder Cetin et al 2004). The graben is bounded by two horsts: the Kocaeli Peninsula to the north and the Armutlu Peninsula to the south, showing completely different geomorphological features, and by well-defined fault scarps (e.g., Onder Cetin et al 2004) (see Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The graben is bounded by two horsts: the Kocaeli Peninsula to the north and the Armutlu Peninsula to the south, showing completely different geomorphological features, and by well-defined fault scarps (e.g., Onder Cetin et al 2004) (see Fig. 1a, b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating P- and S-wave velocity structure beneath the Marmara region (Turkey) and the surrounding area from local earthquake tomography

2016

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We investigated the crustal structure beneath the Marmara region and the surrounding area in the western part of the North Anatolian fault zone. These areas have high seismicity and are of critical significance to earthquake hazards. The study was based on travel-time tomography using local moderate and micro-earthquakes occurring in the study area recorded by the Multi-Disciplinary Earthquake Research in High Risk Regions of Turkey project and Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute. We selected 2131 earthquakes and a total of 92,858 arrival times, consisting of 50,044 P-wave and 42,814 S-wave arrival times. We present detailed crustal structure down to 50 km depth beneath the Marmara region for P-and S-wave velocities using the LOTOS code based on iterative inversion. We used the distributions of the resulting seismic parameters (Vp, Vs) to pick out significant geodynamical features. The high-velocity anomalies correlate well with fracturing segments of the North Anatolian fault. High seismicity is mostly concentrated in these segments. In particular, low velocities were observed beneath the central Marmara Sea at 5 km depth.

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Seismically induced landslide at Degirmendere Nose, Izmit Bay during Kocaeli (Izmit)-Turkey earthquake

Cited by 38 publications

References 2 publications

The Mechanical Coupling of Fluid-Filled Granular Material Under Shear

The Mechanical Coupling of Fluid-Filled Granular Material Under Shear

Earthquake and Local Rainfall Triggered Giant Landslides in the Unconsolidated Sediment Distribution Region along the Upper Yellow River - Remote Sense Analysis of Geological Disasters

Investigating P- and S-wave velocity structure beneath the Marmara region (Turkey) and the surrounding area from local earthquake tomography

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