Seismicity and outgassing dynamics of Nyiragongo volcano

Barrière, Julien; d’Oreye, Nicolas; Oth, Adrien; Theys, Nicolas; Mashagiro, Niche; Subira, Josué; Kervyn, F.; Smets, B.

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115821

Cited by 17 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…; Patrick et al, 2020). In contrast, Barrière et al (2018Barrière et al ( , 2019 noted that the deep seismic swarm at Nyiragongo on November 12 and 13, 2016 was synchronous, not precursory, to the drop of the lava-lake level (see also Figure S1 in Supporting Information S1). This implies a very efficient hydraulic connectivity between the shallow and deep parts of the magmatic system at Nyiragongo.…”

Section: A Years-long Deep Dyke Intrusion Beneath Nyiragongomentioning

confidence: 97%

“…automatically located in cluster no. 1 (February 28 to March 1, 2016) would actually correspond to the repetitive seismic source relocated in Barrière et al (2019) which is depicted as the 68% confidence ellipsoid in Figure 8b. Despite relatively large total location uncertainties (median values are 3.5 km in longitude/latitude and 9.8 km in depth), the SW-NE and deep seismicity pattern first observed in November 2016 repeated at each lava lake drop.…”

Section: Focus On the Largest Lava Lake Drops And Their Seismic Signa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(b) NS/EW location maps around Nyiragongo and depth sections of seismic events located within the dashed rectangle (projected on AA' profile) for time periods identified in (a) (exact dates are indicated at the right of the figure). The gray ellipsoid and the red dots (for the 2016-2017 period 2) correspond to the deep repetitive seismic source and the November 12 and 13, 2016 located inBarrière et al (2019), respectively. The best hypocenter solutions of each individual seismic event are plotted as crosses and the associated colored shaded areas (2D projected ellipses) correspond to the location uncertainties (see Text S2 and FigureS3in Supporting Information S1).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Intra‐Crater Eruption Dynamics at Nyiragongo (D.R. Congo), 2002–2021

et al. 2022

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Nyiragongo volcano (D.R. Congo), 3,470 m a.s.l., located in the Virunga Volcanic Province (VVP) along the western branch of the East African rift, is one of the few volcanoes on Earth that several times has hosted a lava lake with decadal persistence, here inside the ∼1.2-km wide summit crater (Lev et al., 2019; Figure 1a). Flank eruptions and associated drainage of its lava lake occurred at least three times,

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Section: A Years-long Deep Dyke Intrusion Beneath Nyiragongomentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Focus On the Largest Lava Lake Drops And Their Seismic Signa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Intra‐Crater Eruption Dynamics at Nyiragongo (D.R. Congo), 2002–2021

et al. 2022

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“…While some spurious values were filtered by the QA parameter, SO 2 total column density peaks occurring in periods of seemingly no activity, when ground instrumentation recorded low SO 2 flux, are still visible in the time series (Figure 2c). For instance, on 16 respectively, in the NE sector of the crater terrace. The cloud flag associated with the SO 2 product was 0.12, indicating the presence of relatively limited cloud coverage on the volcano.…”

Section: Integrated Analysis With Sentinel-2 Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is also in preparation for future integration with aerial sensor data (by airplane or drone), which could bridge the interpretation of satellite data with ground observations. An increasing number of volcanic studies have exploited TROPOMI data in the last three years [11,12,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23], following the recent launch of the mission. Compared to this literature, the present work aims to:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploiting Sentinel-5P TROPOMI and Ground Sensor Data for the Detection of Volcanic SO2 Plumes and Activity in 2018–2021 at Stromboli, Italy

Cofano

Cigna

Amato

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Sulfur dioxide (SO2) degassing at Strombolian volcanoes is directly associated with magmatic activity, thus its monitoring can inform about the style and intensity of eruptions. The Stromboli volcano in southern Italy is used as a test case to demonstrate that the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) onboard the Copernicus Sentinel-5 Precursor (Sentinel-5P) satellite has the suitable spatial resolution and sensitivity to carry out local-scale SO2 monitoring of relatively small-size, nearly point-wise volcanic sources, and distinguish periods of different activity intensity. The entire dataset consisting of TROPOMI Level 2 SO2 geophysical products from UV sensor data collected over Stromboli from 6 May 2018 to 31 May 2021 is processed with purposely adapted Python scripts. A methodological workflow is developed to encompass the extraction of total SO2 Vertical Column Density (VCD) at given coordinates (including conditional VCD for three different hypothetical peaks at 0–1, 7 and 15 km), as well as filtering by quality in compliance with the Sentinel-5P Validation Team’s recommendations. The comparison of total SO2 VCD time series for the main crater and across different averaging windows (3 × 3, 5 × 5 and 4 × 2) proves the correctness of the adopted spatial sampling criterion, and practical recommendations are proposed for further implementation in similar volcanic environments. An approach for detecting SO2 VCD peaks at the volcano is trialed, and the detections are compared with the level of SO2 flux measured at ground-based instrumentation. SO2 time series analysis is complemented with information provided by contextual Sentinel-2 multispectral (in the visible, near and short-wave infrared) and Suomi NPP VIIRS observations. The aim is to correctly interpret SO2 total VCD peaks when they either (i) coincide with medium to very high SO2 emissions as measured in situ and known from volcanological observatory bulletins, or (ii) occur outside periods of significant emissions despite signs of activity visible in Sentinel-2 data. Finally, SO2 VCD peaks in the time series are further investigated through daily time lapses during the paroxysms in July–August 2019, major explosions in August 2020 and a more recent period of activity in May 2021. Hourly wind records from ECMWF Reanalysis v5 (ERA5) data are used to identify local wind direction and SO2 plume drift during the time lapses. The proposed analysis approach is successful in showing the SO2 degassing associated with these events, and warning whenever the SO2 VCD at Stromboli may be overestimated due to clustering with the plume of the Mount Etna volcano.

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MasTer: A Full Automatic Multi-Satellite InSAR Mass Processing Tool for Rapid Incremental 2D Ground Deformation Time Series

d’Oreye

Derauw

Smittarello

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Taking advantage of the ever-increasing amount of available SAR data requires adapted processing infrastructures. We present here the InSAR Mass processing Toolbox for Multidimensional time series (MasTer), which can combine any type of SAR data to produce unsupervised vertical and horizontal ground deformation time series. MasTer is optimized to automatically download SAR data, select the appropriate interferometric pairs, perform the interferometric mass processing, compute the geocoded deformation maps, invert and display the velocity maps and the 2D time series on a web page updated incrementally as soon as a new image is made available. MasTer also allows the production of time series of coherences or SAR amplitude images, which can be used e.g. for land use monitoring or geomorphological changes detection. The capabilities and performances of MasTer are illustrated with several examples. Software and manual are available on request to authors. To MasTer the art of InSAR mass processing.

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Seismicity and outgassing dynamics of Nyiragongo volcano

Cited by 17 publications

References 41 publications

Intra‐Crater Eruption Dynamics at Nyiragongo (D.R. Congo), 2002–2021

Intra‐Crater Eruption Dynamics at Nyiragongo (D.R. Congo), 2002–2021

Exploiting Sentinel-5P TROPOMI and Ground Sensor Data for the Detection of Volcanic SO2 Plumes and Activity in 2018–2021 at Stromboli, Italy

MasTer: A Full Automatic Multi-Satellite InSAR Mass Processing Tool for Rapid Incremental 2D Ground Deformation Time Series

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