Seismicity of the Ste. Genevieve Seismic Zone Based on Observations from the EarthScope OIINK Flexible Array

Yang, Xiaotao; Pavlis, Gary L.; Hamburger, Michael W.; Sherrill, E. M.; Gilbert, H. J.; Marshak, Stephen; Rupp, John A.; Larson, Timothy H.

doi:10.1785/0220140079

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…On the other hand, it is clear that the limits of the region of thicker crust partially coincide with the boundaries of the Illinois Basin (Figure b). Specifically, the southwest boundary lies along the NW trending boundary between the Ozark Dome and Illinois Basin, a feature that is delineated at the ground surface by the SGFZ [ DeLucia et al ., ; Yang et al ., ]. The northeastern limit of thickened crust aligns with the southeastern edge of the Kankakee Arch, the northwestern limit coincides with the Nd‐line defined by Bickford et al [], and the southeastern edge parallels with the projected trace of the Grenville Front.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Indiana Arm was extrapolated to underlie the Wabash Valley Fault System in southern Indiana. However, subsequent studies of crustal structures [ Catchings , ; Pratt et al ., ; René and Stanonis , ] and seismicity have made existence of this three‐armed rift structure debatable [ Pavlis et al ., ; Yang et al ., ]. This paper addresses this debate through high‐resolution images of crustal velocity discontinuities associated with these structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study of the Illinois Basin and the regions around it benefits from the newly available data of the Ozark, Illinois, Indiana, and Kentucky (OIINK) EarthScope Flexible Array experiment [ Chen et al ., ; Yang et al ., ]. This paper builds upon a recent study by McGlannan and Gilbert [] that used P wave receiver functions from the EarthScope Transportable Array (TA) to produce a regional map of the crust‐mantle boundary similar to the one presented here.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fault trace data are from Hickman [2011]. Outline of the Illinois Basin is shown as thick white line after Buschbach and Kolata [1991], defined as the À500 feet contour on top of the Ottawa Supergroup through southern Illinois, Kentucky, and Indiana and the erosional edge of Pennsylvanian strata in northern and western Illinois [Buschbach and Kolata, 1991] [Catchings, 1999;Pratt et al, 1989;René and Stanonis, 1995] and seismicity have made existence of this three-armed rift structure debatable [Pavlis et al, 2002;Yang et al, 2014]. This paper addresses this debate through high-resolution images of crustal velocity discontinuities associated with these structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detailed crustal thickness variations beneath the Illinois Basin area: Implications for crustal evolution of the midcontinent

et al. 2017

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We present high‐resolution imaging results of crustal and upper mantle velocity discontinuities across the Illinois Basin area using both common conversion point stacking and plane wave migration methods applied to P wave receiver functions from the EarthScope Ozark, Illinois, Indiana, and Kentucky experiment. The images reveal unusually thick crust (up to 62 km) throughout the central and southeastern Illinois Basin area. A significant Moho gradient underlies the NW trending Ste. Genevieve Fault Zone, which delineates the boundary between the Illinois Basin and Ozark Dome. Relatively thinner crust (<45 km) underlies most of the Precambrian highlands surrounding the Illinois Basin and beneath the rift‐related structures of the Reelfoot Rift and the Rough Creek Graben. We consider four hypotheses to explain the presence of thick crust under the central and southeastern Illinois Basin. Crustal thickening may have been produced (1) prior to its accretion to North America around 1.55 Ga and is an inherited characteristic of this crustal province; (2) by underthrusting or shortening during Proterozoic convergent margin tectonics around 1.55–1.35 Ga; (3) by Late Precambrian magmatic underplating at the base of older crust, associated with the creation of the Eastern Granite‐Rhyolite Province around 1.3 Ga; and (4) through crustal “relamination” during an episode of Proterozoic flat‐slab subduction beneath the Illinois Basin, possibly associated with the Grenville Orogeny.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detailed crustal thickness variations beneath the Illinois Basin area: Implications for crustal evolution of the midcontinent

et al. 2017

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“…To gain an understanding into the mechanisms driving intraplate deformation in the North American continent, we construct a 3D shear‐velocity lithospheric velocity structure by analyzing fundamental mode Rayleigh waves. Teleseismic earthquakes utilized in our study have been recorded by the recent deployment of the EarthScope Transportable Array and OIINK (Ozarks‐Illinois‐INdiana‐Kentucky) Flexible Array [ Hamburger et al ., ; Yang et al ., ] (Figure ). Using data collected by the dense seismic array, our study offers new constraints on lithospheric velocities within the midcontinent at previously unattainable scales.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shear velocity structure beneath the central United States: implications for the origin of the Illinois Basin and intraplate seismicity

Chen

Gilbert

Andronicos

et al. 2016

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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We present new estimates of lithospheric shear velocities for the intraplate seismic zones and the Illinois Basin in the U.S. midcontinent by analyzing teleseismic Rayleigh waves. We find that relatively high crustal shear velocities (VS) characterize the southern Illinois Basin, while relatively low crustal velocities characterize the middle and lower crust of the central and northern Illinois Basin. The observed high crustal velocities may correspond to high‐density mafic intrusions emplaced into the crust during the development of the Reelfoot Rift, which may have contributed to the subsidence of the Illinois Basin. The low crustal VS beneath the central and northern basin follow the La Salle deformation belt. We also observe relatively low velocities in the mantle beneath the New Madrid seismic zone where VS decreases by about 7% compared to those outside of the rift. The low VS in the upper mantle also extends beneath the Wabash Valley and Ste. Genevieve seismic zones. Testing expected VS reductions based on plausible thermal heterogeneities for the midcontinent indicates that the 7% velocity reduction would not result from elevated temperatures alone. Instead this scale of anomaly requires a contribution from some combination of increased iron and water content. Both rifting and interaction with a mantle plume could introduce these compositional heterogeneities. Similar orientations for the NE‐SW low‐velocity zone and the Reelfoot Rift suggest a rift origin to the reduced velocities. The low VS upper mantle represents a weak region and the intraplate seismic zones would correspond to concentrated crustal deformation above weak mantle.

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Spatially Varying Stress State in the Central U.S. From Bayesian Inversion of Focal Mechanism and In Situ Maximum Horizontal Stress Orientation Data

et al. 2018

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The crustal stress state in the Midcontinent of the United States has been a focus of research for many years due to anomalously high rates of seismicity in the region. This interest is recently renewed because of ongoing wastewater injection and CO2 sequestration in the Illinois Basin and its potential to induce seismicity. When fluid is injected, pore pressure increases, decreasing effective normal stress and increasing the potential for faults optimally oriented with respect to the direction of maximum compressive stress to slip. In order to better manage this risk, we present a study on the spatial distribution of principal stress orientations in the Illinois Basin and surrounding region using focal mechanism solutions and in situ measured maximum horizontal stress orientation indicators from borehole breakout, core fracture, overcoring, hydraulic fracture, and strain gauge measurements. To invert these data for the deviatoric stress tensor, we extend the damped‐least stress inversion of Hardebeck and Michael (2006, https://doi:10.1029/2005JB004144) with the mixed linear/nonlinear Bayesian inversion scheme of Fukuda and Johnson (2010, https://doi:10.1111/j.1365‐246X.2010.04564.x). The stress inversion provides an objective means to estimate nonlinear parameters including the spatial smoothing parameter, unknown data uncertainties, and selection of focal mechanism nodal planes. Results indicate a systematic rotation of the maximum horizontal stress orientation (SHmax) across a 1,000‐km width of the Midcontinent. SHmax rotates from ~N60°E to ~E/W orientation across the southern Illinois Basin. The principal stress orientations are largely consistent with the observed pattern of strike‐slip faulting and reverse faulting near the New Madrid and Wabash Valley Seismic Zones.

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Seismicity of the Ste. Genevieve Seismic Zone Based on Observations from the EarthScope OIINK Flexible Array

Cited by 20 publications

References 43 publications

Detailed crustal thickness variations beneath the Illinois Basin area: Implications for crustal evolution of the midcontinent

Detailed crustal thickness variations beneath the Illinois Basin area: Implications for crustal evolution of the midcontinent

Shear velocity structure beneath the central United States: implications for the origin of the Illinois Basin and intraplate seismicity

Spatially Varying Stress State in the Central U.S. From Bayesian Inversion of Focal Mechanism and In Situ Maximum Horizontal Stress Orientation Data

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