Selected Approaches to Using Individual Variation for Understanding Mammalian, Life-History Evolution

Holmes, Donna J.; Sherry, Diana S.

doi:10.2307/1382884

Cited by 30 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Phenotypic plasticity is expected in temperamental traits (Wilson et al 1994), as in other behaviours (Brodie & Russell 1999), and environmental influences on behavioural traits may limit the potential of traits to evolve (Brodie & Russel 1999). Therefore, the consistency of phenotypic expression of behaviours must be measured as a first step in the understanding of trait evolution (Hayes & Jenkins 1997;Holmes & Sherry 1997). One way to analyse interindividual trait variation is to partition phenotypic variation into additive genetic and environmental components by estimating the trait heritability (h 2 ), and to identify possible genetic constraints on evolution by estimating the genetic correlation between the trait in question and other traits (Boake 1994;Falconer & Mackay 1996;Roff 1997).…”

Section:  2000 the Association For The Study Of Animal Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consistency of temperament in bighorn ewes and correlates with behaviour and life history

et al. 2000

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Section:  2000 the Association For The Study Of Animal Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consistency of temperament in bighorn ewes and correlates with behaviour and life history

et al. 2000

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“…The considerable individual variation we found in home-range size, site selection, and microhabitat use by rabbits illustrates the importance of analyzing such variation in addition to measures of central tendency and interpopulation variation in traits (Hayes and Jenkins 1997;Holmes and Sherry 1997). Individuals are potentially constrained by genetics, developmental history, age, experience, and their immediate surroundings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Selection, sizes, site, and use of home range of the Appalachian Cottontail, Sylvilagus obscurus

Stevens,

Barry

2002

The Canadian Field-Naturalist

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Little is known about the ecology of the Appalachian Cottontail (Sylvilagus obscurus) in the northern portion of its range. We studied selection, size and use of home range for eight radio-collared Appalachian cottontails in western Maryland from February to July 1995. Home ranges were large and highly variable. For both sexes combined, median 100% minimum convex polygon (MCP), 95% MCP, and 95% adaptive kernel home ranges measured 5.4, 4.3, and 4.7 ha, respectively. Home ranges had greater amounts of understory cover and lesser slopes (<25°) than the surrounding landscape. Rabbits used portions of home ranges in close proximity (<2 m) to concealment cover, with canopy closure <95%, and with Blackberry, Rubus alleganiensis, as the dominant shrub species; they avoided places >10 m from concealment cover, with low stem density (<20 stems/l-m radius plot), and with 95-100% canopy closure. Dense understory concealment and escape cover seemed to be more important than species of vegetation to Appalachian Cottontails in Maryland. Our results suggest that fragmentation of habitat could limit the distribution of the species. We also demonstrate the importance of analyzing individual variation of life history characteristics in addition to measures of central tendency.

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“…There are many problem areas in conservation biology that need more work before augmentation becomes commonplace (Frankham, 1995:306;1999:238;Stockwell et al, 2003). We need to learn much more about individual variation within a population and between or among populations (Hayes & Holmes, 1997;Lacy, 1997). We need to learn much more about 'contemporary evolution' where evolutionary changes take place within a few hundred years and often even within decades (Stockwell et al, 2003).…”

Section: What Needs To Be Donementioning

confidence: 99%

Rethinking the basic conservation unit and associated protocol for augmentation of an "endangered" caribou population: An opinion

Miller¹,

Barry²,

Calvert³

et al. 2007

Ran

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Use of the subspecies as the basic unit in the conservation of endangered caribou (Rangifer tarandus) would produce a “melting pot” end-product that would mask important genotypic, phenotypic, ecological, and behavioral variations found below the level of the subspecies. Therefore, we examined options for establishing the basic conservation unit for an endangered caribou population: use of subspecies based on taxonomy, subspecies based solely on mtDNA, Evolutionarily Significant Units, and the geographic population. We reject the first three and conclude that the only feasible basic unit for biologically and ecologically sound conservation of endangered caribou in North America is the geographic population. Conservation of endangered caribou at the level of the geographic population is necessary to identify and maintain current biodiversity. As deliberations about endangered caribou conservation often involve consideration of population augmentation, we also discuss the appropriate augmentation protocol for conserving biodiversity. Management of a critically endangered caribou population by augmentation should only be initiated after adequate study and evaluation of the genotype, phenotype, ecology, and behavior for both the endangered caribou and the potential‘donor’ caribou to prevent the possible ‘contamination’ of the endangered caribou. Translocation of caribou into an endangered population will have failed, even if the restocking efforts succeed, if the donor animals functionally alter the population’s gene pool or phenotype, or alter the ecological and behavioral adaptations of individuals in the endangered population. Most importantly, a seriously flawed restocking would risk irreversibly altering those functional characteristics of caribou in an endangered population that make them distinct and possibly unique. It might even result in the loss of the endangered population, thus eliminating a uniquely evolved line from among the caribou species.

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Selected Approaches to Using Individual Variation for Understanding Mammalian, Life-History Evolution

Cited by 30 publications

References 54 publications

Consistency of temperament in bighorn ewes and correlates with behaviour and life history

Consistency of temperament in bighorn ewes and correlates with behaviour and life history

Selection, sizes, site, and use of home range of the Appalachian Cottontail, Sylvilagus obscurus

Rethinking the basic conservation unit and associated protocol for augmentation of an "endangered" caribou population: An opinion

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