Selected Blood Inflammatory and Metabolic Parameters Predicted Successive Bilateral Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Abstract

Objectives. To explore whether peripheral inflammatory, metabolic, and hemostatic parameters could predict the pathogenesis of successive bilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). Methods. This study reviewed 33 patients with successive bilateral SSNHL and 215 patients with unilateral SSNHL. Clinical characteristics and hematological parameters were compared, including the inflammatory markers (like neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR)) and metabolic features (including hypertension, triglyceridemia, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia), as well as hemostatic indices (including prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and fibrinogen). Results. In the successive bilateral SSNHL group, older average onset age (48.67±15.36 vs. 42.71±13.58, p<0.05), higher male to female ratio (18 : 15 vs. 112 : 103, p>0.05), and poorer therapeutic efficacy (12% vs. 59%, p<0.01) were observed than those in the unilateral SSNHL group. Compared to the unilateral SSNHL group, NLR, MLR, and PLR in the successive bilateral SSNHL group were significantly higher (NLR: 5.72±2.23 vs. 4.45±2.82, p=0.01; MLR: 0.25±0.15 vs. 0.17±0.11, p<0.01; PLR: 190.70±69.79 vs. 148.18±65.67; p<0.01); the LDL level was significantly higher; yet, the HDL level was significantly lower (LDL: 3.79±0.53 vs. 3.49±0.74; HDL: 1.33±0.32 vs. 1.44±0.26; p<0.05 for both); fibrinogen was significantly higher (4.03±0.47 vs. 3.70±0.65; p<0.01). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the risk factors for successive bilateral SSNHL included age, NLR, MLR, PLR, LDL, HDL, diabetes, and fibrinogen. However, only NLR, MLR, PLR, diabetes, LDL, and HDL independently predicted successive bilateral SSNHL. Conclusion. Selected blood inflammatory markers combined with metabolic parameters were positively correlated with successive bilateral SSNHL.

Biomarkers Suggesting Favorable Prognostic Outcomes in Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

“…HDL was found to be significantly lower and LDL significantly higher in patients with successive bilateral SSNHL than in patients with unilateral SSNHL. Because these factors affect blood supply, they may predict successive bilateral SSNHL [ 14 ].…”

Association of Dyslipidemia With Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Retrospective Study

“…Therefore, we strongly speculated that dyslipidemia is involved in the pathogenesis of SSNHL. Correcting dyslipidemia can improve the prognosis of SSNHL and avoid the onset of secondary bilateral SSNHL [25,26].…”

A Case of Idiopathic Sequential Profound Bilateral Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss Occurring 37 Days After Unilateral Presentation

“…Xenellis, et al [2] first defined "simultaneous" and "sequential" SSNHL as that affecting both ears in <3 days and 3 days to 1-month time-interval, respectively. They also reported 7 cases of sequential BSSNHL in 2007 [3,4]. Two of these patients had suffered profound hearing impairment (>70 dB).…”

“…Bilateral SSNHL (BSSNHL) is relatively rare compared to unilateral SSNHL (USSNHL) and accounts for <5% of all cases. According to the time interval between the onset of SSNHL in the first affected ear and that in the subsequent ear, BSSNHL is generally categorized into two types: simultaneous (<3 days) and sequential (3-30 days), although some authors have also labeled cases with >30 days interval as sequential [2][3][4][5].…”