Selected emerging and reemerging plant pathogens affecting the food basket: A threat to food security

Mwangi, Ruth W.; Mustafa, Mohammed; Charles, K.; Wagara, Isabel W.; Kappel, Noemi

doi:10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100827

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…Phytopathogens are harmful organisms that cause plant diseases, posing a significant threat to agriculture. They can devastate crops, leading to yield losses, economic challenges, and food security concerns [ 38 , 39 ]. Consequently, also in this field, an immediate and imperative need arises for the exploration and identification of novel antimicrobial agents.…”

Section: The Bioactive Potential Of Pisolithusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Bioactive Potential of Pisolithus (Basidiomycota): Comprehensive Insights into Antimicrobial, Anticancer, and Antioxidant Properties for Innovative Applications

Oliveira,

Preto,

Santos

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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Addressing pressing health concerns, modern medical research seeks to identify new antimicrobials to combat drug resistance, novel molecules for cancer treatment, and antioxidants for inflammation-related diseases. Pisolithus (Basidiomycota) is a ubiquitous and widely distributed fungal genus in forest ecosystems, known for establishing ectomycorrhizal associations with a range of host plants, enhancing their growth, and conferring protection against biotic and abiotic stresses. Beyond ecological applications, Pisolithus yields bioactive compounds with medicinal potential. This comprehensive review explores the transversal biological activity of Pisolithus fungi, aiming to provide a thorough overview of their antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant potential. The focus is on elucidating bioactive compounds within Pisolithus to trigger further research for innovative applications. Compounds from Pisolithus displayed antimicrobial activity against a broad spectrum of microorganisms, including antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The efficacy of Pisolithus-derived compounds matched established medications, emphasizing their therapeutic potential. In anticancer research, the triterpene pisosterol stood out with documented cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines, showcasing promise for novel anticancer therapies. Pisolithus was also recognized as a potential source of antioxidants, with basidiocarps exhibiting high antioxidant activity. In vivo validation and comprehensive studies on a broader range of compounds, together with mechanistic insights into the mode of action of Pisolithus-derived compounds, are compelling areas for future research.

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Section: The Bioactive Potential Of Pisolithusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Bioactive Potential of Pisolithus (Basidiomycota): Comprehensive Insights into Antimicrobial, Anticancer, and Antioxidant Properties for Innovative Applications

Oliveira,

Preto,

Santos

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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“…Production of food crops mainly relies on the soil's overall health and productivity. Yield loss due to biotic stress varies depending on the extent, spread, time of disease incidence, and nature of the pathogen(s) in the field; unfortunately, complete crop losses have been reported for many economically important food crops due to pathogen attacks [106,107]. Disease incidence is not a normal physiological state, and it prevails when the symbiotic homeostasis between a plant and its ecological niche is disturbed.…”

Section: Bioengineering Of Rhizospheric Soils For Disease Suppressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root Exudate Metabolites Alter Food Crops Microbiomes, Impacting Plant Biocontrol and Growth

Ali,

Glick

2024

Crops

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Exuded plant metabolites play an important role in fostering beneficial interactions with the surrounding soil microbiota, thereby helping plants to better adjust to changing environmental conditions. These metabolites act as signals to attract or enhance the colonization of plant roots with specific groups of beneficial microbes and they modulate the dynamics of plant–microbe interactions in fulfilling plant niche-based requirements, directly and/or indirectly. This review emphasizes the expression, levels, modes of action, and net effects of the signaling metabolites that help food crop plants to become colonized by microbes that promote plant growth and development under periods of biotic stress.

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“…In addition, they also cause significant agricultural losses that can have long-lasting impacts, especially when staple crops are involved, with arguably one of the most popular examples being the Irish Great Famine triggered by Phytophthora infestans , the cause of potato late blight [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. At the same time, as noted by different reports, lower crop yields and quality resulting from plant diseases represent a significant financial burden on farmers [ 6 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant and Antifungal Properties of Cinnamon, Cloves, Melia azedarach L. and Ocimum gratissimum L. Extracts against Fusarium oxysporum Isolated from Infected Vegetables in Mauritius

Jeewon,

Pudaruth,

Bhoyroo

et al. 2024

Pathogens

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Background: Fusarium species, a group of economically destructive phytopathogens, are poorly studied in Mauritius where agriculture holds much significance. Furthermore, the increasing popularity of organic farming has prompted interest in alternatives to chemical fungicides. Methods: After gaining an overview of Fusarium prevalence in Mauritius fields through a survey, the pathogen was isolated from infected crops and identified based on morphological and molecular characteristics. Methanol and water extracts were then prepared from Melia azedarach, Ocimum gratissimum, cinnamon and cloves before determining their phytochemical profiles. Additionally, the antioxidant and antifungal effects of different concentrations of aqueous extracts were assessed. Results: The isolate was confirmed as Fusarium oxysporum, and cloves inhibited its growth by up to 100%, especially at 60 and 90 g/L, with the results being significantly higher than those of the synthetic fungicide mancozeb. Over 50% inhibition was also noted for cinnamon and Ocimum gratissimum, and these effects could be linked to the flavonoids, phenols and terpenoids in the extracts. Conclusion: This study presented the aqueous extracts of cloves, cinnamon and Ocimum gratissimum as potential alternatives to chemical fungicides. It also confirmed the prevalence of Fusarium infection in Mauritius fields, thereby highlighting the need for additional studies on the pathogen.

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Selected emerging and reemerging plant pathogens affecting the food basket: A threat to food security

Cited by 10 publications

References 119 publications

Exploring the Bioactive Potential of Pisolithus (Basidiomycota): Comprehensive Insights into Antimicrobial, Anticancer, and Antioxidant Properties for Innovative Applications

Exploring the Bioactive Potential of Pisolithus (Basidiomycota): Comprehensive Insights into Antimicrobial, Anticancer, and Antioxidant Properties for Innovative Applications

Root Exudate Metabolites Alter Food Crops Microbiomes, Impacting Plant Biocontrol and Growth

Antioxidant and Antifungal Properties of Cinnamon, Cloves, Melia azedarach L. and Ocimum gratissimum L. Extracts against Fusarium oxysporum Isolated from Infected Vegetables in Mauritius

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