Selected psychiatric problems among college students in two Arab countries: comparison with the USA

Kronfol, Ziad; Khalifa, Batoul; Khoury, Brigitte; Omar, Omar; Daouk, Sariah; DeWitt, James; ElAzab, Nourehan; Eisenberg, Daniel

doi:10.1186/s12888-018-1718-7

Cited by 38 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…It was found that female sex is associated with the risk of ABN, which was similar to that found in the study by Deossa et al [12] in Antioquia (p<0.05), Tavolacci et al [3] in France (OR 3 CI95% 2.3-3.9) and Kronfol et al [6] in USA-Arabia (OR 2.5 CI95% 1.4 to 4.5). As seen, regardless of the region or the statistical method, being of the female sex is linked to the risk of ABN, however, according to the previous authors, it is not the fact of being a woman that generates the risk, it is the social environment that puts more pressure on women to achieve conventions of beauty and acceptance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The risk of ABN in university students is different by countries, examples given: Arabia 20.4%, USA 6.8%, France 18.3%-20.7%, Malaysia 43.5%, México 15%, Spain 19.5%-29.2%, and India 34.1%. This variability of the prevalence is due to cultural differences, but, is a call of attention to the high presence of these diseases in the university [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk of anorexia and bulimia nervosa and its associated factors in undergraduate students

Muñoz

2021

Rev. Nutr.

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Objective To quantify the prevalence and related factors to the risk of anorexia and bulimia nervosa in undergraduate students at a private university in Bogotá, Colombia. Methods A cross-sectional study, which evaluated the frequency of food consumption, physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire, short form), the risk of anorexia and bulimia nervosa (Sick, Control, One, Fat, and Food questionnaire) and demographic variables. The statistical analysis used a multivariate logistic regression model, where the outcome was the yes/no risk of anorexia or bulimia nervosa. Results A total of 1,545 university students participated. The average age was 19.2 years (+/-2.5), 65.7% were women, and 63.9% came from Bogotá. The risk of anorexia and bulimia nervosa was 27.6%. In the logistic regression, the risk was associated with female sex (OR 1.6 CI95% 1.2 to 2.1), daily consumption of cereals (OR 0.7 CI95% 0.6 to 0.9), daily fat consumption (OR 1.5 CI95% 1.1 to 2.1), eat light products (OR 1.8 CI95% 1.1 to 2.9), consume protein supplements (OR 0.4 CI95% 0.2 to 0.8), being in disagreement with physical activity for fun (OR 1.8 CI95% 1.1 to 3.1), and physical activity by appearance (OR 2.2 CI95% 1.6 to 2.9). Conclusions The prevalence of risk to anorexia and bulimia nervosa in the study sample is high. The associated factors were the consumption of cereals, fat, light products, and protein supplements. Physical activity by appearance and disagreement to do exercise by fun were associated with the risk of anorexia and bulimia nervosa. So it is recommended that universities implement awareness and education interventions to address this problem.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of anorexia and bulimia nervosa and its associated factors in undergraduate students

Muñoz

2021

Rev. Nutr.

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“…Scores on the GAD-7 were interpreted as follows: score 0–4: no anxiety; score 5–9: mild anxiety; score 10–14: moderate anxiety and score ≥15: severe anxiety. 16 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological and Sexual Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Egypt: Are Women Suffering More?

et al. 2021

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Introduction: Psychological consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic include pandemic triggered feelings of fear, uncertainty, and anxiety added to the effects of restricting the population's activities in lockdown. Aim: We aimed to study the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on sexual satisfaction of females and males in Egypt and to evaluate possible predictive factors. Methods: Married men and females in Egypt were invited to respond to an online questionnaire. The questionnaire addressed medical history, socioeconomic status, sexual performance satisfaction before and during the lockdown in addition to validated Arabic questionnaires for depression, sexual function in males and females, and sexual satisfaction (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Female Sexual Function Index, International Index of Erectile Function-5, Index of Sexual Satisfaction, respectively). Main outcome measure: The main outcome measures were frequency of depression, anxiety, sexual dysfunction, and sexual satisfaction in males and females during COVID-19 lockdown. Results: A total of 479 females and 217 males completed the questionnaire. Sexual satisfaction was significantly higher before (91.2%, 73.5%) than during lockdown (70.5%, 56.2%) in both males and females, respectively. During lockdown, significantly more males (70.5%) reported being satisfied with their sexual performance than females (56.2%) (P < .001). More than half of the male subjects (68.2%) had no erectile dysfunction while 97.3% females scored 26.5 on the Female Sexual Function Index scale suggestive of sexual difficulties. Sexual stress was significantly greater in females (70.8%) than males (63.1%). Educational level, occupation, anxiety, and erectile dysfunction were independently associated with sexual stress in males. Being a housewife or unemployed, husband's age >35 years, marriage duration of 5-10 years, anxiety, and female sexual dysfunction were predictors of sexual relation stress in females. Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic was associated with lower sexual satisfaction in both genders. Females however suffered more anxiety and depression and thereby greater risk of sexual function difficulties and sexual dissatisfaction. Intervention strategies in order to lessen the suffering of affected individuals particularly after the pandemic are recommended.

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“…They can be a result of multiple factors including disordered and abnormal eating and compensatory behaviors, including restrictive eating, fasting, frequently skipped meals, diet pills, overeating, bingeeating and then purging (e.g., vomiting, excessive exercise, misuse of laxatives and medications, etc.). Elevated prevalence has been estimated across college students in the United States, with 2.2-30.5% of the studied population screening positive for an ED, with gradual increases over recent years [10][11][12][13][14][15]. Furthermore, 25.9-46.6% of US college students screened as "high risk" for an ED [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of eating disorder risk among university marching band artists

et al. 2021

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Background Marching band artists are a physically active population, composed of approximately 27,000 people in the United States. University marching band artists face many of the same physically active demands and mental stressors as student athletes, potentially predisposing them to injury, illness, and risk for eating disorders (EDs). The purpose of this study was to examine ED risk across sex in university marching band artists, and to determine the type of risk based on the Eating Disorder Inventory-3 (EDI-3) and Eating Disorder Inventory-3 Symptom Check List (EDI-3 SC). A secondary aim examined marching band artists and pathogenic weight control behavior use across sex. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 150 marching band artists (female: n = 84, male: n = 66, age = 19.9 ± 1.1 years) from three National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I university marching bands participated in the study. We screened for ED risk using the EDI-3, and the EDI-3 SC. Results Overall, marching band artists were at risk for EDs, using only the EDI-3, 45.3% (n = 68) were at risk, with females at significant higher risk than males [χ2 = 5.228, p = .022]; using only the EDI-3 SC, 54% (n = 81) were at risk and no significant differences were found across sex. Overall, 48% of all participants reported dieting and 20.7% engaged in excessive exercise to control weight. Significant differences were found between sex and purging to control weight [χ2 = 3.94, p = .047] and laxative use [χ2 = 4.064, p = .044], with females engaging in behavior more than males. Conclusions Eating disorder risk was prevalent for both female and male marching band artists, with females displaying higher risk for EDs than males. Furthermore, marching band artists are engaging in pathogenic behaviors to control their weight. Healthcare providers (e.g., physicians, athletic trainers, physical therapist, dietitians, etc.) working in this setting should be aware of the risk factors displayed in marching band artists, and be able to provide education, prevention, and clinical interventions to this population. Additionally, marching band administrators should be aware of all medical risk factors and the benefit of having a healthcare provider (e.g., athletic trainer) to oversee the healthcare and wellness of marching band artists.

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Selected psychiatric problems among college students in two Arab countries: comparison with the USA

Cited by 38 publications

References 26 publications

Risk of anorexia and bulimia nervosa and its associated factors in undergraduate students

Risk of anorexia and bulimia nervosa and its associated factors in undergraduate students

Psychological and Sexual Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Egypt: Are Women Suffering More?

Examination of eating disorder risk among university marching band artists

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