Selecting Characteristic Modes in Multi-Mode Direction Finding Antenna Design by Using Reconstructed Incident Fields

Grundmann, Lukas; Manteuffel, Dirk

doi:10.23919/eucap53622.2022.9769263

Cited by 2 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…where the complex conjugate (⋅) * transforms the outgoing wave to an incoming wave and ′ , ( ′ r ) is the incident field modal expansion coefficient. After collecting the latter in the column vector ′ ( ′ r, ) for the th plane wave, the correlation (2) is reformulated to [13]:…”

Section: Measurement Matrix For Cm: Estimated Incident Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The derivation is given in the appendix. Due to the orthogonality of the CM far fields [31], this is equivalent to the correlation between the vector-valued estimated incident far fields [13]:…”

Section: Measurement Matrix For Cm: Estimated Incident Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In practice however, measurement vectors of neighboring DoAs are correlated, which increases the uncertainty. A steeper decrease of the uncertainty w. r. t. the angular distance is equivalent to an improved angular resolution [13].…”

Section: The Uncertainty Matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using Characteristic Modes (CM) [4] to design these multi-mode multi-port antennas (M 3 PA) is an established approach for communication applications [5]- [7]. Moreover, M 3 PA recently received increased attention for direction finding applications [8]- [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, if noise is neglected, no useful information for the antenna development is provided by the established methods. Therefore, an evaluation method is required that is based only on deterministic antenna properties, providing additional insight for the antenna design process [13], [26]. The vector correlation direction finding method [27] is outperformed by MUSIC in terms of DoA estimation accuracy, but the results only depend on the antenna patterns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Sphere as a Reference in Direction Finding Antenna Development Using Characteristic Modes

Grundmann

Manteuffel

2022

2022 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (AP-S/URSI)

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A deterministic evaluation procedure for multi-port direction finding antennas is proposed. It is based on a direction finding uncertainty parameter, which describes how well different directions of arrival and polarizations are distinguishable. By investigating a simple antenna array, it is shown that the proposed parameter provides additional insight into the behavior of an antenna system, when compared to established methods. Moreover, since the uncertainty parameter is calculated from a set of far fields, it is applicable to port far fields as well as Characteristic Modes. This finding is utilized to derive a design guidance: Starting with a set of Characteristic Mode far fields, the angular distribution of the uncertainty is investigated to verify that no ambiguities are present. Different sets of far fields are compared and the differences regarding their direction finding behavior are visualized and explained using the uncertainty in conjunction with an estimate of the incident field. To quantify these differences, a key performance indicator is introduced that summarizes the direction finding capabilities over a selected angular region. To demonstrate the design process, a Multi-Mode Multi-Port Antenna with three uncorrelated ports is developed, manufactured and measured.

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Section: Measurement Matrix For Cm: Estimated Incident Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurement Matrix For Cm: Estimated Incident Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Uncertainty Matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%