Selecting for resistance to diseases in early generations

Plaisted, R. L.; Thurston, H. David; Brodie, B. B.; Hoopes, R. W.

doi:10.1007/bf02852809

Cited by 21 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…, 2004; Wanner & Haynes, 2009). Development of potato cultivars with high levels of scab resistance has been the goal of many potato‐breeding programmes (Plaisted et al. , 1984; Douches et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elimination of common scab sensitive progeny from a potato breeding population using thaxtomin A as a selective agent

et al. 2010

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Common scab is one of the most important soil-borne diseases of potato and is difficult to control. Selection of potato breeding lines for resistance to common scab is also cumbersome due to environmental factors influencing symptom development and an erratic spatial distribution of the scab pathogens (Streptomyces spp.) in the field. The bacterial phytotoxin thaxtomin A, which causes scab symptoms, can be used to screen large numbers of potato seedlings for tolerance in vitro, but few studies have investigated whether the results correspond to resistance to common scab observed in the field. In this study, 120 F1 potato progeny from a single cross were screened in vitro by exposing the seedlings to thaxtomin A added to the culture medium. Eighteen genotypes were selected based on high sensitivity or tolerance using shoot growth as the criterion, multiplied in vitro, and tested for resistance to common scab caused by S. turgidiscabies and S. scabies in a glasshouse and in three different fields. Evaluation of ca. 6500 tubers showed that the 18 potato genotypes differed in scab indices and disease severity (P < 0AE0001). The relative shoot height in vitro (thaxtomin A used at 0AE5 lg mL ) and the scab index in the field showed significant correlation (r s = )0AE463, P = 0AE0528, n = 18), also consistent with the results obtained under controlled conditions in the glasshouse. Hence, the in vitro bioassay may be used to discard scab-susceptible genotypes and elevate the overall levels of common scab resistance in the potato breeding populations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, resistance to both pathogens is required to prevent yield losses. In many potato breeding programmes, selection of breeding lines is done primarily based on traits other than disease resistance (Plaisted et al. , 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elimination of common scab sensitive progeny from a potato breeding population using thaxtomin A as a selective agent

et al. 2010

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“…The visual selection reduced the number of potential cultivars from 100,000 seedlings to 1000 clones entering replicated yield trials. However, research in the 1980s confirmed that this visual selection was not very effective; but there was no general consensus on how to address the problem, and such visual selection is still common practice, but unable to affect most economically important traits which are quantitative in nature (see for example: Plaisted et al 1984;Swiezynski 1984;Tai and Young 1984;Brown et al 1988;Neele et al 1989;Gopal et al 1992). Furthermore, as breeders increased the sizes of their programmes, they increased the number of generations of clonal selection for a new cultivar to as many as eight, and as a consequence, lengthened the time to selecting a new set of parents for crossing.…”

Section: Breeding Of Finished Cultivarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Brief History of the Impact of Potato Genetics on the Breeding of Tetraploid Potato Cultivars for Tuber Propagation

Bradshaw

2022

Potato Res.

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The principal cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum) has mainly been vegetatively propagated through its tubers. Potato breeders have therefore made planned artificial hybridizations to generate genetically unique seedlings and their clonal descendants from which to select new cultivars for tuber propagation. After the initial hybridizations, no more sexual reproduction was required to produce a successful new cultivar, which depended on choosing the correct breeding objectives and the ability to recognize a clone that met those objectives. Any impact of the new science of genetics after 1900 needed to be through the production of parental material of known genetic constitution and predictable offspring. This included making use of the many wild tuber-bearing relatives of the potato in Central and South America, as well as the abundance of landraces in South America. This review looks at the history of how potato geneticists: 1) established that the principal cultivated potato is a tetraploid that displays tetrasomic inheritance (2n = 4x = 48); 2) developed progeny tests to determine the dosage of major genes for qualitative traits in potential parents, and also progeny tests for their general combining abilities for quantitative traits; and 3) provided molecular markers for the marker assisted selection of major genes and quantitative trait alleles of large effect, and for the genomic selection of many alleles of small effect. It is argued that the concepts of population genetics are required by breeders, once a number of cycles of hybridization and cultivar production are considered for the genetic improvement of potato crops.

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