Selecting Performance Indicators for Prison Health Care

Asch, Steven M.; Damberg, Cheryl L.; Hiatt, Liisa; Teleki, Stephanie S.; Shaw, Rebecca; Hill, Terry E.; Benjamin-Johnson, Rhondee; Eisenman, David; Kulkarni, Sonali P.; Wang, Emily; Williams, Brie; Yesus, Ambeshie; Grudzen, Corita

doi:10.1177/1078345810397712

Cited by 16 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Compared to 4,999 community hospitals nationwide (49) there are over 5,100 prisons and jails spread across the U.S., more than half of which provide direct medical assessment and/or care to their inmates (nearly 100% of state and federal prisons and approximately 38% of local jails) (50,51). Yet correctional healthcare systems are challenged by their limited capacity to conduct epidemiologic and comparative effectiveness research, share data, and develop and implement evidence-based quality measures across systems (32). By acknowledging that criminal justice systems serve as essential primary care settings within the U.S. healthcare system (18), the NIH could motivate researchers to engage with correctional facilities as partners in ethically rigorous clinical research and ensure that jails and prisons across the country are themselves working in the service of reducing rather than exacerbating health disparities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The State of Research Funding From the National Institutes of Health for Criminal Justice Health Research

et al. 2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Over 20 million Americans are currently incarcerated or have been in the past. Most are from medically underserved populations; one in three African American men and one in six Latino men born in 2001 are projected to go to prison during their lifetimes. The amount of funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to understand and improve the health of criminal justice-involved persons is unknown. Objective Describe NIH funding for research addressing the health and healthcare needs of criminal justice-involved individuals. Design Review of NIH grants (from 2008 through 2012) in the RePORT (Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools) database. Setting The NIH RePORT database. Patients Criminal justice involved individuals participating in NIH-funded clinical research. Measurements NIH research and training grants awarded by number, type, research area, institute or center, and dollar amount. Results Of more than 250,000 NIH funded grants, 180 (less than 0.1%) focused on criminal justice health research. The three most common foci of criminal justice health research grants were substance use and/or HIV (64%), mental health (11%), and juvenile health (8%). Two institutes, the National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute of Mental Health, funded 78% of all grants. In 2012, the NIH invested $40.9 million in criminal justice health research, or 1.5% of the $2.7 billion health disparities budget for that year. Limitations NIH-supported research that did not explicitly include current or former prisoners but may have relevance to criminal justice health was not included. Conclusions Federal funding for research focused on understanding and improving the health of criminal justice-involved persons is small, even when compared to the NIH’s overall investment in health disparities research. The NIH is well-positioned to transform the care of current and former prisoners by investing in this critical yet overlooked research area. Primary Funding Source One author received funding support from the National Institute on Aging at the National Institutes of Health and Tideswell at UCSF.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The State of Research Funding From the National Institutes of Health for Criminal Justice Health Research

et al. 2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We did not examine the independent effect of imprisonment on health care utilization, as this was not our study objective; a different analytic strategy would be required to explore that issue. We did not look at indicators of quality of care [ 43 – 45 ], as this was also beyond the scope of this study, however, this information would be relevant to understanding how well health care services in prison and in the community met general and disease-specific standards of care. The study results may not be generalizable to other jurisdictions, for example those with different health care systems or with different patterns of morbidity and mortality in prison or the general population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The health care utilization of people in prison and after prison release: A population-based cohort study in Ontario, Canada

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundMany people experience imprisonment each year, and this population bears a disproportionate burden of morbidity and mortality. States have an obligation to provide equitable health care in prison and to attend to care on release. Our objective was to describe health care utilization in prison and post-release for persons released from provincial prison in Ontario, Canada in 2010, and to compare health care utilization with the general population.MethodsWe conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study. We included all persons released from provincial prison to the community in 2010, and age- and sex-matched general population controls. We linked identities for persons released from prison to administrative health data. We matched each person by age and sex with four general population controls. We examined ambulatory care and emergency department utilization and medical-surgical and psychiatric hospitalization, both in prison and in the three months after release to the community. We compared rates with those of the general population.ResultsThe rates of all types of health care utilization were significantly higher in prison and on release for people released from prison (N = 48,861) compared to general population controls (N = 195,444). Comparing those released from prison to general population controls in prison and in the 3 months after release, respectively, utilization rates were 5.3 (95% CI 5.2, 5.4) and 2.4 (95% CI 2.4, 2.5) for ambulatory care, 3.5 (95% CI 3.3, 3.7) and 5.0 (95% CI 4.9, 5.3) for emergency department utilization, 2.3 (95% CI 2.0, 2.7) and 3.2 (95% CI 2.9, 3.5) for medical-surgical hospitalization, and 21.5 (95% CI 16.7, 27.7) and 17.5 (14.4, 21.2) for psychiatric hospitalization. Comparing the time in prison to the week after release, ambulatory care use decreased from 16.0 (95% CI 15.9,16.1) to 10.7 (95% CI 10.5, 10.9) visits/person-year, emergency department use increased from 0.7 (95% CI 0.6, 0.7) to 2.6 (95% CI 2.5, 2.7) visits/person-year, and hospitalization increased from 5.4 (95% CI 4.8, 5.9) to 12.3 (95% CI 10.1, 14.6) admissions/100 person-years for medical-surgical reasons and from 8.6 (95% CI 7.9, 9.3) to 17.3 (95% CI 14.6, 20.0) admissions/100 person-years for psychiatric reasons.ConclusionsAcross care types, health care utilization in prison and on release is elevated for people who experience imprisonment in Ontario, Canada. This may reflect high morbidity and suboptimal access to quality health care. Future research should identify reasons for increased use and interventions to improve care.

show abstract

“…Notably, an expert review panel recently published 79 measures of prison health care quality based on findings from the California prison system. 35 Incorporation of these or similar measures into a national survey of prison facilities could provide an important step in furthering our understanding of prison health care. To investigate more fully patterns of prisoner mortality in the future, it will be necessary to obtain comparable morbidity and health care data from populations of both prisoners and non-prisoners.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disease Prevalence and Use of Health Care among a National Sample of Black and White Male State Prisoners

Rosen¹,

Hammond²,

Wohl³

et al. 2012

hpu

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

U.S. prisons have a court-affirmed mandate to provide health care to prisoners. Given this mandate, we sought to determine whether use of prison health care was equitable across race using a nationally-representative sample of Black and White male state prisoners. We first examined the prevalence of health conditions by race. Then, across all health conditions and for each of 15 conditions, we compared the proportion of Black and White male prisoners with the condition who received health care. For most conditions including cancer, heart disease, and liver-related disorders, the age-adjusted prevalence of disease among Blacks was lower than among Whites (p<.05). Blacks were also modestly more likely than Whites to use health care for existing conditions (p<.05), particularly hypertension, cerebral vascular accident/brain injury, cirrhosis, flu-like illness, and injury. The observed racial disparities in health and health care use are different from those among non-incarcerated populations.

show abstract

Selecting Performance Indicators for Prison Health Care

Cited by 16 publications

References 14 publications

The State of Research Funding From the National Institutes of Health for Criminal Justice Health Research

The State of Research Funding From the National Institutes of Health for Criminal Justice Health Research

The health care utilization of people in prison and after prison release: A population-based cohort study in Ontario, Canada

Disease Prevalence and Use of Health Care among a National Sample of Black and White Male State Prisoners

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About